282 research outputs found
Sort by
Pattern of Maxillofacial Trauma in the Nigerian Population
No full textIntroduction: The pattern of trauma to the maxillofacial region differs in various parts of the world. Studies have shown that not only does it differ from one continent to the other, it differs from one country to another within the same continent and from one zone to another within the same country. These have been ascribed to the prevailing socioeconomic, cultural and environmental factors in the study area. It is important that patterns of maxillofacial injuries should be continuously evaluated so that efforts should be put in place to reduce the incidence. The aim of the present study is therefore to describe the patterns of maxillofacial injuries in the Nigerian literature.Methods: The MEDLINE was used to conduct a computerized literature search using for publications on maxillofacial trauma in Nigeria. For this search, the medical subject headings on "maxillofacial fractures" or "mandible fractures" or "middle-third fractures" or "facial fractures" or "zygoma fractures" were combined with "Nigeria". Also, the publications cited in these articles to look for additional important articles but were not found on MEDLINE were searched for.Results: Most of the studies were retrospective while the commonest geopolitical zone where studies were done was the South West region. The commonest cause of maxillofacial injuries was road traffic accident while the commonest age group was the 21-30 years.Conclusion: Road traffic accident is the commonest cause of maxillofacial injuries. It is therefore recommended that the appropriate authorities should enforce seat belt and helmet laws. The government should provide street lights, good roads, pedestrian bridges and traffic lights to reduce vehicular/vehicular and human/vehicular/human collisions.
 
Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a patient with partially amputated index finger
No full textHands are capable of a wide variety of functions like touching, grasping, feeling, holding, manipulating, caressing, and more. It is a vital and important part of a person\u27s identity and well being. Loss of part of the hands can affect esthetics; functions are undermined depending upon the severity of loss and it causes a great psychological disturbance. The prosthetic rehabilitation of a partially amputated finger presents a challenge to the Prosthodontist. This case report illustrates the procedure of fabrication of finger prosthesis using room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone and intrinsic staining with modern prosthetic design to improve the esthetics of a patient with partially amputated left index finger.
 
Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma: A Case Report and Review of Literature
No full textPeripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) is an infrequently occurring, slowly progressing, innocuous, nodular overgrowth of the gingiva, which belongs to the category of the “reactive lesions of the gingiva.” There are several such overgrowths with similar clinical manifestations, but diverse etiology and histopathological features, thus presenting a challenge for the clinician. Thorough clinical examination, radiographic and histopathological features help to establish the diagnosis which is key to the successful management of such lesions. This article describes a case of POF in a 43-year-old male patient. The clinical, radiographic, histologic features, aggressive treatment strategies, relapse and close follow-up of POF are discussed in detail.
 
Prevalence of Oral Impacts as Daily Performances among Adult Dental Patients in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
No full textBackground: Oral conditions do not only cause pain but affect the various aspects of individual\u27s daily performances.Objective: To investigate the prevalence of oral health impact on daily performance in adult patients at a Southern Nigerian tertiary hospital. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on dental patients that attended the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin-City, Nigeria. Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire was used to evaluate the impact of oral health status on the daily performance. The data collected were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 110 patients (43 males and 67 females) participated in the study. The age range of the participants was 18-70 years and the mean age of the participants was 31.8±12.8 years. The mean ODIP score of the study participants was 1.58 ±2.77 with a range of 0 to 14. Sixty percent of all subjects had at least one daily performance affected by an oral impact in the previous six months. The ODIP indicators most commonly affected by oral health status were eating and enjoying food (31.8%), smiling and showing teeth (13.6%), and enjoying social contact with people (10.9%) and cleaning teeth (10.0%), The least commonly affected were maintaining usual emotional status (9.1%), sleeping and relaxing (9.1%), carrying out daily school task (8.20%), and speaking and pronouncing words clearly (7.30%).There were no statistically significant difference between ODIP score and age, gender, place of residence, level of education and oral/dental conditions.Conclusion: Oral health had an impact on daily performances of adult dental patients in southern Nigeria. The daily activities mostly affected was eating and enjoying food.
 
Dental Students Educational Experiences and Knowledge in regard to Child Abuse and Neglect: The Experience in a Nigerian University in South Western Nigeria
No full textBackground: Child abuse is now established as an international issue. In recent times, many researchers have suggested the need to check the level of readiness of graduating dental students regarding how they can successfully handle child abuse cases.Objective: To determine the knowledge of child abuse among undergraduate dental students in a Nigerian university.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students in five classes of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Demographic information was collected through a self-administered structured questionnaire distributed among the dental students. Other information obtained included their educational experiences and level ofknowledge on child abuse and neglect. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 13 and the level of significance was set at p < 0.05.Results: One hundred and sixty one subjects consisting of 80 males and 81 females with a mean age of 22 (+2.4) years participated in the study. The majority (61.5%) had encountered the topic of child abuse and neglect during studies at the university. The subjects scored less than 50.0% regarding some aspects of knowledge of signs of physical abuse while they scored over 60.0 % on signs of emotional and sexual abuse and neglect. In their knowledge of signs of diagnostic indicators of abuse, a quarter of the subjects knew that child abuse and neglect was not basically associated with stress and poverty. Only 8.7 % knew correctly that dentists in Nigeria are not legally required to report child abuse. There were some statistically significant associations between respondents\u27 knowledge of physical, emotional/sexual abuse and neglect and diagnostic indicators of abuse and their levels of study with respondents in the senior classes having higher scores.Conclusion: Knowledge gaps particularly with recognition of signs of child abuse exist among dental students. We recommend that a mandatory course that deals with child abuse and neglect issues should be included in the dental curriculum especially at the pre-clinical stage.
 
Oral Health Related Quality of Life among Elderly People in a General Practice Setting in Lagos
No full textBackground: Oral health-related quality of life is a multidimensional construct. Oral health has an impact on an individual\u27s daily functioning, well-being and the overall quality of life. The elderly are prone to several dental problems such as dental caries and periodontal disease which constitute the major oral health burden all over the world. These two diseases have a high prevalence rate, wide geographical spread, graded severity and are important public health challenges. It is therefore important to examine the role of oral diseases with age and its impact on the quality of life of the elderly.Aim: To assess the pattern of oral health and quality of life amongst elderly patients.Materials and Methods: It is a descriptive cross sectional study, conducted among 294 elderly patients attending Orile Agege General Hospital, Lagos. Data was collected using a semi-structured, interviewer administered questionnaire for individual\u27s oral health using the WHO Oral Health Questionnaires for the adult and oral health related quality of life using OralHealth Impact Profile. Data obtained was subjected to descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis using IBM SPSS 20.Results: The mean age of the elderly was 68.65 ± 6.58 years. Nine point five percent of the respondents had less than 20 natural teeth, 46.6% were experiencing discomfort in mouth, 30.6% were using partial removable dentures and 4.8% were utilizing full lower or full upper removable dentures. Only 6.1% reported poor tooth condition and 8.2% stated poor gum condition. However, 42.9% of the respondents cleaned their teeth two times or more daily, 15.0% and 85.7% of subjects used tooth-brush/dental floss and fluoridated toothpaste respectively. On the oral health quality of life (OHQoL), 35.4% had some impact of oral health on QoL with the dominant domains being physical pain (50.3%), psychological discomfort (44.6%) and functional limitation (43.2%). OHQoL was influenced by the number of natural teeth (OR = 5.417, p<0.001), discomfort in mouth (OR = 2.128, p = 0.002), removable dentures (OR = 2.732, p = 0.001) and frequent tooth-brushing (OR = 1.770, p = 0.021).Conclusion: The number of natural teeth, discomfort in the mouth, presence of removable dentures and frequent mouth-washing influenced the quality of life of the elderly.
 
Achieving Universal Health Coverage for Oral Health in Nigeria: Prospects, Barriers and Strategies
No full textThe United Nations instituted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to solve health problems by integrating the social determinants of health in the management of diseases. However, oral health is not one of the issues addressed by the Sustainable Development Goals despite the facts that orodental diseases are on the rise in Nigeria and the diseases are related toneglected lifestyles and socio-economic health determinant factors. The objective of the paper is to provide evidence based facts for the expansion of the scope of dental services in the National Health Insurance Scheme. The barriers to and the strategies to achieving Universal Oral Health Coverage in Nigeria are also discussed.
 
Reconstruction of mandibular continuity defect with double-barrel vascularised free-fibula flap - A case report
No full text
 
