282 research outputs found
Sort by
Dysplastic Papilliferous Basaloid Ameloblastoma: Report of a Case
No full textPapilliferous ameloblastoma is an uncommon histologic variant of ameloblastoma. About five cases have been reported in the English literature till date. All five showed squamous differentiation with keratin formation and were diagnosed as papilliferous keratoameloblastoma. The present lesion shows basaloid differentiation and mild dysplasia in addition to papilliferous projections, thus termed dysplastic papilliferous basaloid ameloblastoma. Ameloblastoma, the most common odostoma has not ceased to intrigue pathologists with its diverse histomorphological patterns. Therefore, we present this uncommon lesion in a 50 year old man with right mandibular swelling.
 
Compliance in Review Attendance among Orthodontic Patients attending a Tertiary Level Health Care Centre
No full textObjectives: Estimating patient compliance during orthodontic treatment cannot be overemphasized as timely and successful outcome of orthodontic treatment is dependent on it. This study assessed patients\u27 compliance to orthodontic reviews at a tertiary care orthodontic clinic as well as explored various factors that may influence review attendance.Materials and Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from 133 patients\u27 case notes as well as the clinic daily attendance records. Socio-demographic data and type of appliance used by patients was extracted. The pattern of punctuality (in days) to clinic attendance as prescribed by the managing orthodontist was also ascertained. Data were analysed using the SPSS version 22. Level of significance was set at p<0.05.Results: The mean age was 14.65 ± 5.98 years. Sixty-two (46.6%) patients were males while 71(53.4%) were females. Sixteen patients (12%) had removable appliances, 116(87.2%) had fixed appliances while only one person (0.8%) had both fixed and removable appliances. Eighty (60.2%) attendees were resident within the state of the clinic\u27s location while 53 (39.8%) resided outside the state. At the first review visit after treatment commenced, 92(69.2%) presented on time for review while 41 (30.8%) defaulted with a mean lag time of 49.0±49.0 days before presenting at the clinic. The total default time varied significantly with the number of visits and length of treatment time (p<0.001).Conclusion: Rate of default to orthodontic reviews was found to increase gradually from the 2nd visit and imparted negatively on treatment time.
 
Postgraduate Dental Training in Nigeria: Challenges in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic
No full text
 
A Comparative Analysis of the Duration and Cost of Treatment Between Glass Ionomer and Resin Based Fissure Sealants among Children in Benin City, Nigeria
No full textBackground: Dental service utilization in children is reduced as a result of long treatment times and prohibitive cost of treatment. This may result in an increase in early childhood caries and subsequent premature tooth loss. Fissure sealants are a preventable method in the management of dental caries but the cost may be a barrier to early treatment.
Aim: To compare the duration and cost of sealant treatment between glass ionomer and resin based fissure sealants among children in Benin City,Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: All occlusal surfaces of the lower permanent first molars (2 teeth each in a total number of 50 children) were sealed andincluded in the study (n=100). A split-mouth design was used in which a light cure Bis-GMA resin-based sealant was compared with a glass-ionomersealant. They were then randomly placed in 50 matched contralateral pairs of permanent first molar teeth and a stop watch used to record the duration of placement. The cost of treatment was calculated by dividing the cost of the sealant kit with the total number of sealed occlusal surfaces. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0 with the chi square test for determination of variables. Probability values of p<0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The duration of sealant treatment using resin based sealant ranged from 235 to 446 seconds (mean time 318.86 +55.54 secs); while theduration of sealant treatment using glass ionomer based sealant ranged from 238 to 360 seconds (a mean time 292.57 +33.56 secs); and this wasstatistically significant (P<0.001). The cost of sealing a tooth surface using resin sealant (Clinpro®) was five hundred and seventy naira only. Similarly, the cost of sealing a tooth surface using glass ionomer based sealant (GC Fuji triage®) was eight hundred and forty naira only.
Conclusion: Less chairside time is required for sealant treatment using glass ionomer than resin based sealant for fissure sealing procedures. The use of resin based fissure sealant is relatively cheaper when compared with glass ionomer based sealant
 
Knowledge and Attitude of Nigerian Dentists to Immediate Loading of Dental Implants
No full textBackground: Treatment with dental implants is an attractive option in the practice of restorative dentistry. Majority of patients treated with dental implants have reported remarkable improvement in function, esthetics and psychological status. Dental implant placement traditionally was advocated for healed extraction sites; however, the development of a better understanding of the biologic principles of bone healing has led to preferment of immediate implants.Aim: To evaluate the knowledge and attitude of Nigerian dentists to immediate loading of dental implants.Materials and Methods: Pretesting of the questionnaires was earlier carried out on 20 dentists at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos. It was a questionnaire based cross sectional study conducted among dentists that attended Nigerian Dental Association Conference. Participants were recruited through a simple random sampling through a selection of “Yes or No”. Questionnaires were given to individuals that picked the “Yes” option. Three hundred and fifty questionnaires were distributed and 250 were duly filled and returned to the researchers. Analysis of data was done using SPSS Version 20.Results: Sixty five point eight percent of the participants were females and the commonest age group of the respondents was 35-39 years (30.8%). Most of the respondents (81.8%) have a minimum of 10 years clinical experience. 74.4% of respondents had knowledge of immediate loading of dental implants however, 66.2% of respondents do not place dental implants in their clinics. 74.4% of those that do, do not practise immediate loading of dental implants.Conclusion: Though most dentists know about immediate loading of dental implants, only a few practise it.
 
Immediate Hypersensitivity Reaction to Composite Restorations
No full textRestorative materials used in dentistry are constantly exposed to salivary components like enzymes that have a high impact on the degradation of these materials and subsequent leaching of some of their constituents which may be harmful to the oral tissues in some patients. Released triethyleneglycolmethacrylate, bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA), diurethanedimethacrylate (UDMA) and formaldehyde have been detected from incompletely polymerized composite and are implicated in occurrence of various adverse reactions. We present a case of a 60 year old female who had composite restorations done. She later presented with complaints of several episodes of intermittent gingival and cheek swellings of sudden onset adjacent to the restored teeth. The filling was taken off and patient was placed on anti-allergy medications with a close follow-up. This presentation highlights the occurrence of a typical allergy to composite material in our centre. It serves to educate dental practitioners about the awareness of such adverse reactions to dental resin materials and the need to be prompt in management of the condition.
 
Awareness and knowledge of orthodontics: its implications among medical and dental undergraduates at the University of Port- Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
No full textObjective: To assess the level of awareness and knowledge of orthodontics, as well as its implications, among medical and dental undergraduates at the University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.Method: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 160 medical and dental students in their lecture rooms. The students were in different levels of study; ranging from first year to final year, i.e. both pre-clinical and clinical. The questionnaire examined their awareness and knowledge of orthodontics, as well as their past dental experiences, if any. It also included questions such as whether a medical doctor should refer patients with malocclusion to an orthodontist, and whether respondents would refer patients with malocclusions to an orthodontist. Statistical analyses were carried out with Epi-info version 7.0 on a personal laptop computer.Result: Only 147 (92%) questionnaires were properly completed and analyzed. Dental students were significantly more aware of orthodontics than their medical counterparts (p = 0.029). Over half of the students (53.7%) had never heard of the term \u27malocclusion\u27. Majority (91.2%) of those who had heard of the term \u27malocclusion\u27 answered correctly that it refers to \u27badly arranged teeth\u27, while a quarter of them (25.5%) believed that malocclusion affects appearance alone.Conclusion: Generally, the knowledge of orthodontics as a specialty in dentistry, malocclusion and its impacts, as well as benefits from treatment is very poor among these undergraduates in the College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt. There is a need to include an introductory course in orthodontics in the undergraduate medical curricula.
 
COVID -19: The Role of the Periodontologist
No full textCOVID-19, since its outbreak in Wuhan, China has become a major public health phenomenon with the eventual declaration of a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. The disease is considered to be transmitted through fomite and aerosol, therefore the concern for safety of both the dental teams and their patients. This review article seeks to report how the disease may possibly be transmitted within periodontal clinic and possible means of preventing such transmission. Internet search was done using words such as COVID-19, Dentistry, SARS-CoV-2, periodontal care, dental treatment, infection control and pandemic. Only articles written in English were accessed.
 
The Coronal Flap in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery – A Case Report
No full textThe coronal scalp flap is a versatile and aesthetically pleasing approach for access to the cranial vault, cranial base, forehead, nose, upper and middle third of the face, and orbits. In spite of its extensive nature, it is associated with few complications when properly planned. Despite, its versatility of the coronal flap, its use by oral and maxillofacial surgeons is limited especially in Nigeria. A case of surgical remodeling of fibrous dysplasia of the right supra orbital bone region using coronal approach is reported. This article highlighted surgical technique of coronal flap and indications for the use of coronal flap in maxillofacial surgery. Similarly, possible complications of the procedure, prevention and management of such complications were also emphasised. Additionally, it is meant to serve as a guide to young practising surgeons in Nigeria. It is our hope that this will embolden young surgeons in Nigeria to employ its use when indicated.
 
Influence of Dental Education on the Perception of Dental Aesthetics among Undergraduate Dental Students in a Nigerian University
No full textBackground: Literature has shown the existence of difference in perception of esthetics between dentists and lay people. Could this difference be attributable to undergraduate dental education? This study aims to determine the influence of dental education on the relative perception of dental aesthetics among undergraduate dental students.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out amongst all dental students attending a Nigerian University. The dental aesthetics selfperception questionnaire originally designed by Goldstein was administered to subjects. The data were subjected to descriptive analysis. Independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare means across groups. Due to the multiple comparisons a post-hoc test (Bonferoni) was carried out with the one-way analysis of variance. Chi square was used to determine association between variables with p set at 0.05.Results: A total of 132 students participated in the study. Majority (91.7%) were self-confident about smiling. More than half (54.5%) of the respondents believed there was someone with a better smile. With regards to wish of whiter teeth, 67.4% wished their teeth were whiter. The aesthetic self-perception scores of the respondents ranged from 0-12 with a mean score of 4.28± 2.64. There was no statistically significant association between the mean aesthetic self-perception score and the level of study of the participants.
Conclusion: A positive aesthetic self-perception was observed in dental students when it comes to their smile. However, there was no statistically significant association between the level of study of the respondents and the self-perception of dental student.