European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences
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Assessment of Health Risk Factors Associated with Flood Disaster in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
No full textThe study assessed the health risk factors associated with flood disaster in the Niger Delta of Nigeria, using the cross-sectional survey research design and 400 copies of questionnaire to elicit information in the selected communities on the health risk factors and the public health intervention to prevent non- communicable and communicable diseases. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The results showed that communities sampled are aware of risk factors influencing health problems which include the speed of the flood water, depth of the flood, collapse of houses and destruction of infrastructure that are associated with physical health problem. Risk factors such as overcrowding in camp, disruption of sewage disposal, negligible sanitation and stagnant water, poor standard of hygiene, poor nutrition are associated with both the vector and water-borne diseases. Also, the loss of loved once, destruction of houses, source of income, and farmland constitute the risk factors associated with mental health problem. Among the common intervention practices adopted include clearing of drainage system, establishing hubs for treatment and care after flood disaster, continuous visitation by health professional, immunization program, clearing of drains, provision of health services and WASH within the communities. The study concluded that flooding plays important role in the physical and mental health, outbreak and the spread of infectious diseases as it creates conditions for injuries and the multiplication of pathogens and vectors. It recommends that policymakers should invest more in strategies that would improve risk perception, enhance awareness, while providing functional local health care system and assistance to communities over a longer period
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for Sustainable Water Management in the Okavango Delta: Challenges and Opportunities
No full textClimate change poses a serious threat to the Okavango Delta, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, disrupting the hydrological system that is crucial to its biodiversity and the livelihoods of the indigenous population. This paper examines the opportunities and difficulties of putting climate change adaptation plans into practice for the Delta's sustainable water management. It highlights important logistical, technological, and financial obstacles, such as expensive capital expenditures, a lack of data, and intricate transboundary governance. This paper also identifies important potential, such boosting ecosystem-based adaptation, harnessing ecotourism revenue, and enhancing transboundary collaboration through OKACOM. This research offers a fundamental foundation for improving the Okavango Delta's resilience by assessing existing approaches and suggesting future paths, such as inclusive governance models and improved hydrological modeling. To ensure Delta's ecological and socioeconomic future, the results highlight the need for integrated, multi-stakeholder strategies that support Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and 13 (Climate Action)
World Historical and Social Conditions for the Formation of a View of Life in Minh Menh’s Thought
No full textIn the late 18th and early 19th centuries, Vietnam experienced a turbulent period with the prolonged Trinh-Nguyen civil war, which divided the country and created many regional differences. After Gia Long unified the country, the Nguyen Dynasty faced the task of consolidating the government and stabilizing society. Inheriting his father, Minh Mang continued to perfect the administrative apparatus, implementing many policies to unify and develop the country. In the world context at that time, Western capitalism was rising strongly, European countries were stepping up their colonial invasion in Asia, putting Eastern countries, including Vietnam, at risk of being threatened. In that situation, Minh Mang promoted orthodox Confucianism, valuing morality, discipline and humanity as the foundation for protecting social order and preserving national identity. Therefore, Minh Mang's philosophy of life both reflected the internal requirements of national consolidation after unification and was influenced by the changing world context and the pressure of colonialism, expressing a profound and consistent philosophy of life in the goal of maintaining national stability and social stability
Generation of Elliptically and Circularly Polarized Digital Holograms
No full textHolography is a powerful imaging technique that enables the recording and reconstruction of three- dimensional images, with applications spanning imaging systems and optical computing. Traditionally, holographic recording has relied on non-polarized, isotropic materials those whose optical properties remain constant in all directions imposing limitations on hologram quality and diversity. Previous studies on linearly polarized holograms revealed potential but faced challenges such as reduced resolution, obscured features, and low-amplitude signal capture. While some work has explored the role of polarization angle on linear hologram resolution, other polarization states remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by generating elliptically and circularly polarized digital holograms, recorded with a charge-coupled device at an optimal object-to-sensor distance of 15 cm. Numerical reconstruction and noise reduction techniques were applied, resulting in high-resolution holograms that capture a richer set of light wave characteristics, including intensity, phase, and polarization state. Circularly polarized holograms exhibited superior resolution and clarity, with distinct surface texture, depth, and shape features, attributable to enhanced light–object interaction and minimized noise. Elliptically polarized holograms also demonstrated improved phase encoding and depth information relative to linear holograms, though with slightly reduced resolution due to partial beam obstruction and phase gradients. These findings highlight the critical role of polarization control in advancing holographic imaging, broadening its applicability in diverse scientific and technological fields
The Effect of Nitric Oxide and the Cumulus Cells on the Percentage of In Vitro Maturation (IVM) of Buffalos Normal Ovaries Oocytes
No full textThis study was conducted in the laboratory of graduate studies in the Department of Animal Production / College of Agriculture University of AL-Muthanna and the laboratories of the of Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University during the period 22/9/2022 to 1/10/2023. The immature oocytes ware subjected to the experiment for in vitro maturation (UM) using the culture medium Dulbeccos Modified Eagles Medium ( DMEM) treated with the nitric oxide with two concentrations: the low concentration was (3mM) and the high concentration was( 5mM), to determine the effect of the cystic ovaries(follicular and luteal) ,the presence of cumulus oophorus and the concentration of nitric oxide in the percentage of (IVM) of buffalo oocytes. The result showed that the follicular cystic ovaries recorded the highest concentration of the insulin hormone (28.61± 0.15 U/mL) as compared with the luteal cystic ovaries ( 23.6 ± 0.29 U/mL ) and the normal ovaries (24.41± 0.14 U/mL ). On the other hand ,the normal ovaries recorded a highest concentration of LH (1.003 ± 0.028 U/ml ) as compared with the follicular cystic ovaries (0.596 ± 0.02 IU/ml) and the luteal cystic ovaries (0.516 ± o.2 IU/ml ). The luteal cystic ovaries showed the highest concentration of the prolactin hormone (1.050 ±0.03 ng/ml ) as compared with the follicular cystic ovaries (0.883 ± 0.03 ng/ml) and the normal ovaries (0.600 ± 0.02 ng/ml)
Determination of Bifenthrin Residues on the Eggplant’s Soil, Leaf and Fruits
Get PDFThe determination of Bifenthrin residues considered one of the most significant aspect, especially in the environmental pollution. The estimation of Bifenthrin residues in leaves, soil, and the eggplant fruits revealed that the residues can be decreased faster in the soil and the fruits compared to the leaves. The dissipation period in terms of soil and fruits was 7 days, while in the case of the leaves was 10 days for the both concentrations 1 and 1.5 mL L-1. As the results also confirmed that the dissipation of Bifenthrin residues are subjected to the first-order kinetic reaction. All residues demonstrated that the rates of dissipation almost resemble for both used concentrations. In the soil, leaves, and fruits for 1 and 1.5 mL L-1 were 0.303, 0.403, 0.374, 0.380, 0.469, and 0.463 day-1 respectively. As this kinetic reaction conducted to the half-life of Bifenthrin residues on leaves, soil, and fruits for both concentrations as following: 1.8, 1.8, 2.2, 1.7, 1.4, and 1.4 days respectively. The study also showed the lack of importance of food processes in reducing Bifenthrin residues, suggesting that the consumption of the eggplant depends on the safety removing Bifenthrin residues compared to conducting food operations. 
Patient Satisfaction in Urgent Care Clinics among Attendants in PHCs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Get PDFBackground: Patient satisfaction is a critical indicator of healthcare quality and serves as a key metric for evaluating the effectiveness of healthcare delivery systems. This study examines patient satisfaction among individuals attending urgent care clinics at PSMMC Primary Health Care Centers (PHCs) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Objective: To assess the level of patient satisfaction regarding the services provided in urgent care clinics within PSMMC PHCs and to inform stakeholders about the perceptions and experiences of patients. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional study design was employed, utilizing a self-administered structured questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised five sections focusing on socio-demographic characteristics, frequency of PHC visits, perceptions toward PHC services, and overall satisfaction. Data were collected from a sample of 214 adult participants (aged 18 and above) and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: Of the respondents, 57% identified as patients, with significant representation from ages 26-35 (39.7%) and over 35 (41.6%). Overall satisfaction levels varied across different dimensions of care. Satisfaction with emergency care was reported at 30.4% highly satisfied, while parking availability elicited mixed responses, with 25.2% highly satisfied. Waiting time satisfaction was notably lower, with only 21.0% expressing high satisfaction. Additionally, interactions with healthcare providers received moderate satisfaction ratings; 34.6% were highly satisfied with physician attention and 36.4% with communication effectiveness. Conclusion: The findings indicate a generally positive perception of urgent care services, particularly regarding healthcare provider interactions and nursing services. However, challenges remain regarding parking, waiting times, and the level of patient involvement in decision-making. Continuous improvements in these areas are essential to enhance patient satisfaction and optimize healthcare delivery within urgent care settings. Future research should further explore demographic influences on patient experiences and satisfaction levels in primary healthcare services. 
The Effectiveness of Community Health Workers (CHWs) in Managing Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) within Okpe Local Government Area (LGA) of Delta State, Nigeria
Get PDFNon-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) have become a significant public health challenge globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Nigeria. This study assesses the effectiveness of Community Health Workers (CHWs) in managing NCDs in Okpe Local Government Area (LGA) of Delta State, Nigeria. With NCDs such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases rising rapidly in the region, CHWs have emerged as critical players in providing essential health services at the grassroots level. This study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining survey data (400 respondents) and interviews (200 participants), to evaluate the roles of CHWs, their effectiveness, and the challenges they face. The findings indicate that CHWs are relatively effective in health education, disease screening, and treatment adherence follow-up. However, challenges such as limited training, resource constraints, and lack of formal integration into the healthcare system hinder their full potential. The study concludes with recommendations for enhancing CHWs' effectiveness, including increased training, resource allocation, and community engagement. 
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocomposite in Medical Application
Get PDFThere are several ways to prepare nanomaterials, including physical methods, biological methods, and chemical methods. In this research, a biological method was used to prepare silver nanoparticles using mint leaf extract, and nano-lead using cumin seed extract. Plant extracts are considered reducing agents, and the green synthesis method was used because this method is environmentally friendly, uncomplicated, and less expensive. Mint and cumin leaves were collected, dried, and then ground in a grinder. After that, the plant extract was prepared. Used 0.2g from A
Barriers and Enabling Factors for Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination Among Saudi Parents
Get PDFIntroduction: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections, with types 16 and 18 high risk causing the majority of cervical cancer cases. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, HPV vaccination rates remain low in Saudi Arabia. Aim: This study aims to assess the barriers and enabling factors influencing Saudi parents’ decisions to vaccinate their daughters. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from September 2024 to April 2025, targeting Saudi parents with daughters aged 9 years or older. Data were collected via a questionnaire distributed through social media and primary healthcare centers. The questionnaire covered demographics, knowledge, enabling factors, barriers, and vaccination practices. Results: Chi square test revealed a significant association between higher knowledge and lower barriers (p<0.05), while no significant relationship was observed between knowledge and enabling factors. Three enabling factors showed a significant positive association with vaccine uptake: belief that the vaccine has no side effects (p=0.02), the view that prevention is better than treatment (p=0.04), and healthcare provider recommendation (p=0.01). All 17 identified barriers were significantly associated with lower vaccination rates. The most influential were the belief that the vaccine is unnecessary (p=0.0002), previous negative vaccination experiences (p=0.0002), and fear of side effects (p=0.001). Overall, 60% of parents intended to delay vaccination, 22% refused it, and only 18% had vaccinated their daughters. Social media was the most reported source of information. Conclusion: Strengthening the role of trusted medical professionals and countering misinformation, especially in online spaces, is essential to improving vaccination coverage.