European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences
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The Polarities of Care for Bipolar Patient
Get PDFThis study explored the experiences of caregivers handling bipolar patients. It utilized the descriptive-phenomenological method of research with 10 participants from the SOCCSKSARGEN region. The findings of the study reveal that the caregivers were 46.8 years old on average, the majority were women. Most participants were parents of the patients. Most have been a caregiver for 10 years or more. The data when thematically analyzed generated eleven (11) clustered themes which, furthermore, categorized into four (4) emergent themes: (1) Navigating the Complexities of Caregiving; (2) The Uphill Battles of Caregiving; (3) The Resilience and Support in Caregiving, and (4) Joys of Caregiving. The responsibilities of the caregivers revolve around providing compassionate care to the patient, ensuring adherence to therapeutic management, recognizing early signs and symptoms to prevent relapse, assuming caregiving roles, and fostering the patient’s independence whenever possible. The challenges experienced by caregivers that affected their lives in some way include the presence of constant stress, financial constraints, and lack of socialization with other people. Furthermore, they did not receive any help from the government. As a coping mechanism, caregivers nurture themselves by pursuing what they love to do like cooking or visiting family members. Moreover, having faith in God, especially praying also helped them to cope with stress. Caregivers also experienced joys in caregiving. 
Synthesis of Nano-Structure Silicate Using Sol-Gel Technique
Get PDFNano-structure SiO2 was prepared in this work by use Sol-Gel method. By studying optical and structural properties of SiO2, the absorption spectrum was determined in UV region, while nano-structure and morphology was investigated by XRD and AFM respectively. The particle size measured by use AFM Analysis which about (55.12 nm). 
Synthesis of Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II) Mixed-ligand Complexes Containing Amino Acid (Cysteine) and 1,10-phenanthrolin
Get PDFA new three mixed-ligand complexes of some transition metal ions Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) with Cysteine (Cys) as a primary Ligand and 1,10- phenanthroline (phen) as a secondary ligands have been prepared by the formulas [M(Cys)2(phen)], M= Co(II), Ni(II), Cu (II), Cys= (C3H7NO2S), (C12H8N2) =(phen).
All the prepared complexes have been described by The UV-Visible Spectroscopy and Magnetic measurements (mimetic study) and the molar conductance values reveal that the all complexes are non-electrolytes since the complexes assume octahedral geometry in which the Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) have two molecules of Cysteine and one molecule from 1,10-phenanthroline in the coordination sphere. 
Effect of Different Concentrations of Fungal Filtrate from A. cymbiformis and A. jodhpurensis on the Life Performance of Aphis fabae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Get PDFThis study was conducted to assess the influence of different concentrations of fungal filtrate from Amesia cymbiformis and Acrophialophora jodhpurensis on the life performance of the Aphis fabae, including adult and nymph mortality rates. Additionally, the impact on adult productivity was assessed. Four different concentrations of the fungal filtrate (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) were employed for both fungi. The results demonstrated substantial differences in mortality rates associated to the concentration of fungal filtrate from both A. cymbiformis and A. jodhpurensis. The 100% concentration had the highest adult mortality rates, reaching 75% and 69%, respectively. The 100% concentration of A. cymbiformis fungal filtrate had in the highest mortality rate for first nymphal stages at 82%, followed by second nymphal stages at 79.46%. The third and fourth nymphs showed mortality rates of 73.94% and 71%, respectively. Similarly, the 100% concentration of A. jodhpurensis fungal filtrate caused in the highest mortality rate for first nymphal stages at 82.5%, with second, third, and fourth nymphs stage displaying mortality rates of 78%, 74.6%, and 71.5%, respectively. The study also found a significant impact on the lowering of adult productivity. The average number of nymphal stages produced by adult A. fabae aphids using a 75% concentration of fungal filtrates from A. cymbiformis and A. jodhpurensis was 1.64 and 1.7 nymphs/female, respectively, compared to the control treatment, which showed an average of 3.82 nymphs/female after 5 days. 
Reliability and Maintainability Analysis of Table Saw Machine
Get PDFReliability and Maintainability analyses are necessary actions to be taken on machines in order to reduce operation cost and enhance production efficiency. They are among the design attributes of a machine. Therefore, engineers and machine’s operators need uphold their standard in order to ensure seamless production over the production cycle, reduce wastage due to downtime and maximize profit. This work considers the reliability analysis and preventive maintenance of a mechanically repairable machine -Table Saw machine. The inter-failure times of the machine was shown to follow the Burr XII distribution with scale and shape parameters
Nihilism in the Sahara: Exploring the Moresbys’ Physical and Psychological Itineraries in Paul Bowles’ The Sheltering Sky
Get PDFPaul Bowles's The Sheltering Sky is an existential narrative that explores both a physical and psychological journey into the North African Sahara desert and the human psyche. It portrays the intertwined itineraries of the protagonists, Port and Kit Moresby, as they traverse the desolate landscape and navigate their tumultuous inner worlds. The couple, joined by their friend Tunner, leaves Western civilization hoping to mend their fractured marriage. Their journey, however, turns into a nightmarish odyssey of alienation and despair. The desolate desert mirrors their psychological descent into nihilism, stripping them of their cultural identities and forcing them to confront their existential anxieties. Drawing on Sartre's existentialism, this paper delves into themes of nothingness and absurdity, exploring a harrowing yet profound journey of self-discovery. 
Towards Inclusive Democracy: Reforming Nepal's Electoral System for Fair Representation and Governance
Get PDFThe purpose of this research paper is to examine various electoral systems used worldwide and to determine the most suitable electoral system for Nepal as it transitions into a federal system. It aims to explore inclusive democracy and the electoral practices observed in contemporary politics and Constituent Assembly (CA) polls. The discussion centers on the challenges faced in Nepal's political landscape, particularly focusing on the First-Past-The-Post (FPTP) and List Proportional Representation (List PR) systems utilized in the CA elections of 2008 and 2013. The paper evaluates the merits and drawbacks of different electoral systems implemented globally, providing insights into selecting an appropriate system for Nepal. It also analyzes the outcomes of the 2008 CA elections and proposes reforms for enhancing the fairness and inclusivity of the FPTP and List PR systems, or potentially adopting a Parallel Mixed System or another electoral framework that better aligns with Nepal's context and aspirations for proportional representation. 
Predominant Drinking Water Treatment Technologies in Urban Areas of Myanmar: Challenges and Solutions. A Review
Get PDFAccess to clean drinking water is essential for public health and socioeconomic development in Myanmar, where rapid urbanization has heightened the need for effective water treatment solutions. Adequate water treatment in urban areas is crucial for reducing waterborne diseases, such as cholera, dysentery, and typhoid, thus lowering infant mortality rates due to severe diarrhea and dehydration. Economically, a healthier population results in a more productive workforce and can attract tourism, boosting local economies. Environmentally, proper water treatment prevents pollutants from contaminating rivers and lakes, protecting ecosystems and biodiversity, and ensuring industrial and residential waste does not harm the environment. As urban populations expand, the need for clean water rises, necessitating efficient water treatment for sustainable development and attracting investments in essential infrastructures like sanitation and healthcare. Effective water treatment systems are vital for managing flood impacts, providing safe drinking water during floods, and recycling water during droughts.
However, Myanmar faces challenges such as aging infrastructure, limited financial and technical resources, and the need for strict enforcement of water quality standards. Investing in modern water treatment technologies and capacity building for local technicians and engineers is essential for improving efficiency and effectiveness. Raising community awareness and involving local communities in water management practices can also enhance the sustainability of water treatment efforts. Therefore, improving water treatment infrastructure and governance is a critical step for Myanmar's urban areas to ensure public health, support economic growth, protect the environment, foster sustainable development, and build resilience against climate change. This review examines the predominant drinking water treatment technologies in urban Myanmar, identifies the challenges faced, and proposes potential solutions. 
Extraction, Characterization and Evaluation of Health Applications of Moringa oleifera Seed Oil
Get PDFIn this study, the seeds of Moringa oleifera (MO) plant grown in the Adamawa Region of Cameroon were valorized by extracting their oil using mechanical expression. The oil was allowed to clarify through by gravity and an oil yield of 26.07% was obtained. The extracted MO oil was subjected to physicochemical characterization giving the following results; the density of the oil was 0.896 g/mL, a refractive index of 1.468, a viscosity of 49.80± 0.30 mPa.s, an acid value of 2.69%, a peroxide value of 3.7 meq of O2/kg of oil, a saponification value of 189.34 mg of KOH/g of oil and an iodine index of 67.79g/100g of oil. The determination of relevant secondary metabolites by titration revealed a flavonoid content of 0.66 mg GAE/g, total phenol content of 9.7 mg QE/g, carotenoid content of 0.25 mg beta-caro/g and antioxidant activity gave an IC50 concentration of 17.5 mg/mL. Determination of the fatty acid profile revealed that oleic acid (78.45%) makes up the predominant component in the MO seed oil. The chemical composition of the MO seed oil was further verified by IR spectroscopy whose spectral interpretation revealed a predominance of fatty acid moieties in the oil. From these results, it appears that Moringa oleifera seed oil has moisturizing, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and nourishing properties and therefore the oil is a potent raw material or bioactive substance in the formulation of cosmetic products like creams for body lotion to combat skin infections and the MO seed can find pharmaceutical applications amongst others. 
Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot and the Absurd Theatre
Get PDFThe research consists of three sections and conclusion. Section one deals with the idea of absurdity in the modern world has attracted many writers to thereby portray the bitter reality of a society being dominated by the discourse of modernism Section two focuses on Samuel Beckett's life and his works. In addition, Beckett places his characters in a dreamlike setting in his two-act tragicomedy Waiting for Godot (1948). The play has been criticized by a number of people; in 1953, Jacques Audiberin called it "a perfect work which deserves a triumph". Studies in Section Three Anticipating Godot as an Absurd Drama: The paper concludes with a list of references and a conclusion.. This study examines the meaning-seeking process, existentialist themes, and the human condition in Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot within the context of absurd theater. The play's repetitive dialogue and austere setting make it an ideal illustration of the absurdist belief that life is meaningless.
The research looks at how the characters, Vladimir and Estragon, interact to show how their waiting for the illusive Godot symbolizes the pointlessness of life and the fight against hopelessness. The ridiculous routines and mutual dependence of the characters highlight the alienation and loneliness that come with living in the contemporary world. By situating Waiting for Godot in the context of Absurd Theatre, this research emphasizes Beckett's innovative use of language and structure, which challenges traditional narrative forms and invites audiences to confront the complexities of existence. Ultimately, the study reveals how Beckett's work serves as a poignant commentary on the human experience, encapsulating the essence of Absurdism through its exploration of time, identity, and hope.