European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences
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Erosion and Resurgence of Biohiphilia in the Evolution of Yoruba Architecture
Get PDFThe concept of biophilia in architecture promotes features such as plants, water, light, and materials to increase occupant health and well-being while also fostering a connection with nature. In traditional Yoruba architecture, the buildings and cities were a continuum with the environment and all the construction materials completely sourced from the immediate environment. The evolution of Yoruba architecture into more attritive forms and spaces arising from acculturation of foreign architectures gave rise to less biophilic features. This presentation explores the extent to which the indigenous traditions have yielded towards absolute social-cultural functionalism to the detriment of conservation and bio-sustainability in modern environmental development in primarily Yoruba-speaking areas of southwest Nigeria. Information and data for the investigation were obtained from literature on biophilic designs and indigenous Yoruba architecture. The findings from the research indicate that there were no inclinations in the contemporary indigenous architecture of the Yoruba to bring back the elements of the environment into its building forms until the proponents of sustainability and greening gained prominence. The urban forms fare better due to the efforts of landscape and urban designers. The paper concludes that the proponents of indigenous architecture who are presently premising their advocacy on heritage preservation and urban tourism should include the advantages of biophilic architecture which was present in the Yoruba traditional architecture in their discourses
Enhancing the Quality and Sensory Characteristics of Native Chicken (Gallus gallus) Eggs Using Natural Additives
Get PDFThe study examines the effect of natural egg enhancers on the quality and sensory attributes of native chicken eggs. The research was conducted in Lagangilang, Abra, Philippines, involving 96 native chickens that were fed with different egg enhancers, including pure formulated feed with no additives, commercial egg enhancer, annatto seed powder, turmeric powder, and red-hot pepper powder at 1% level. The results showed that the egg yolk weight, albumen weight, and eggshell thickness were not significantly different among the treatments. However, yolk color was significantly different among the treatments, with annatto seed, turmeric, and red-hot pepper treatments rated as dark yellow having significantly higher yolk color compared to the control and commercial treatments. The study also found that the coloring content agent of egg enhancers, such as annatto seed, turmeric, and red-hot pepper, can improve the yolk color of eggs by providing carotenoids and other antioxidants to the birds. This is important because consumers often prefer eggs with a darker yolk color. The study also evaluates the sensory evaluation of senior high school students, college students, and faculty on native chicken eggs given with egg enhancers. The results indicate that there were no significant differences in appearance, flavor, aroma, aftertaste, and general acceptability among the treatments with a descriptive rating of “like moderately” based on the hedonic scale. 
Mechanical-Quantum Calculations of Base Free, Cationic and Hydrochloride Forms of Semisynthetic Antibiotic Clindamycin
Get PDFStructures, topological and vibrational properties of antibiotic clindamycin have been studied as base, protonated and hydrochloride derivatives combining mechanical-quantum calculations with the Scaled Quantum Mechanics Force Field (SQMFF) methodology. Natural bond orbital (NBO) and atoms in molecules (AIM) calculations were performed for those three derivatives of antibiotic in gas phase and aqueous solution. The water effects on the properties of proposed forms were analysed by using the self-consistent reaction field calculations and the IEFPCM model. The hydrochloride species reveals a solvation energy (-301.83 kJ/mol) similar to reported for hydrobromide species of alkaloid scopolamine. NBO studies for all species evidence two n→σ* and n→π* transitions while the AIM calculationss reveal different types of H bonds interactions. The hydrochloride form is the most reactive species of clindamycin in both media, as evidence the gap values. In addition, the 174, 177 and 180 normal vibration modes expected for those three forms of antibiotic are completely assigned and its scaled force constants reported for first time. 
Enhancing Network Security: A Framework for Proactive Cyber Defense Using Artificial Intelligence and Big Data
Get PDFThe focus of this research is on analyzing Artificial Intelligence and Big Data integrated into computer network security systems, in their perspective development to increase resilience against sophisticated cyber threats. Keeping in mind the fact that none of the existing measures of network security already can stand against the pace of rapidly evolving cyber-attacks, AI can provide adaptive real-time threat detection, predictive analytics, and automated response. The proposed framework would use AI-driven models and large-scale data analytics to achieve enhanced anomaly detection, rapid incident response, and forensic capabilities, thereby paving the way for proactive network defense. It also points out that such AI-based solutions are prone to a variety of problems involving resource-intensive computations, possibly false alarms, and adversarial vulnerabilities due to AI. Some of the future directions, therefore, lie in developing advanced AI models for autonomous responses, enhancing forensic capabilities, and improving user education to reduce human-related vulnerabilities. It enables proactive, adaptive network security, a framework increasingly critical for taming the increasing cyber threats in the rapidly changing digital landscape. 
Analysis of Śrī Kṛṣṇa Līlā in the Śrimad Bhāgavata Mahāpurāṇa
Get PDFThe prime concern of this article is to unfold Śrī Kṛṣṇa Līlā who keeps on thinking the problems of others as his own problems through the Paurānic text. Śrī Kṛṣṇa Līlā unfurls in the pastoral setting of Vṛndāvana, where he delights in playful activities with the cowherd boys and shows miraculous activities. His playful activities unveils thoughtful philosophical truths, explicating the concept of dharma (righteousness), the law of karma (action), and the path of bhakti (devotion) as the means to attain moksha (salvation) and transcendental bliss. The major objectives of this study are to explore the līlās of Śrī Kṛṣṇa; to explicate the ways of Śrī Kṛṣṇa līlās, and to evaluate Śrī Kṛṣṇa līlās in the Śrimad Bhāgavata Mahāpurāṇa. To reveal Śrī Kṛṣṇa līlā in the Śrimad Bhāgavata Mahāpurāṇa, the researcher uses līlā theory of Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī. The theorist claims that playful activities of Śrī Kṛṣṇa are his līlās. The study is significant to analyze Śrī Kṛṣṇa līlās which are related for the wellbeing of others. The findings of this investigation endow with evidences that the text has used Śrī Kṛṣṇa līlā to motivate readers to dedicate themselves to solve the problems of others as Śrī Kṛṣṇa does in the Śrimad Bhāgavata Mahāpurāṇa. The conclusion drawn from this investigation is Śrī Kṛṣṇa līlās are not merely stories but hold deep spiritual significance, teaching devotees about love, devotion, and the ultimate union with the divine. 
Applying Project-Based Learning Method in Teaching the Subject of Educational Economics for Students of Education
Get PDFResearching the relationship between economics and education is a crucial task for students in the field of Education to meet the demands of modern society. Key skills include analyzing, developing financial plans in education, and assessing the feasibility of educational projects. There are various methods for teaching educational economics, with active learning methods gaining significant attention. This study explores theoretical aspects of project-based learning and the expected learning outcomes for this course. The article proposes a three-stage process for applying project-based learning in teaching educational economics. In the first stage, instructors define and communicate the project's objectives to students. In the second stage, students execute the project under the instructor's guidance, applying learned knowledge to tackle project challenges and fulfill objectives. The final stage involves assessment, where instructors evaluate student performance based on the course’s goals. Applying project-based learning in educational economics instruction has positive impacts, encouraging student engagement, fostering self-directed learning, and developing problem-solving and critical-thinking skills, all of which align with societal expectations. 
The Role of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Enhancing Efficiency, Sustainability, and Integration with Emerging Technologies
Get PDFBIM integrates collaboration, efficiency, and sustainable features throughout the life of the building. This paper deals with the application of BIM in various phases of the project, more so with the intervention of emergent technologies like IoT, AI, and AR. Indeed, in the BIM approach to the post-construction phase, facility management and predictive maintenance can be assured, thanks to real-time monitoring and performance optimisation of the building systems. Integration with IoT and sensors means continuous data exchange and upgrading towards energy efficiency, which is beneficial in saving money for operational costs. It points out that some significant challenges in adopting BIM are mainly related to data privacy, security issues, and interoperability.
As the BIM model will contain sensitive information, robust security must be developed, including data encryption, user authentication, and secure data protocols. Due to the absence of standard data formats on various BIM platforms, smooth data exchange is hardly possible. Standardisation efforts, using Industry Foundation Classes-IFC, are discussed as vital in overcoming these challenges. The paper finally discusses the future of BIM, pointing out how AI and machine learning will be integrated into the process to optimise design, improve decision-making, and enhance overall building performance, making BIM a core tool in the future of construction and facility management. 
Improvement of Concrete Durability and Strength with Epoxy Resin Concrete
Get PDFPortland cement concrete has wide applications in construction owing to its good strength and relatively low cost. However, exposure to extreme environmental conditions has many significant drawbacks. Cracking due to mechanical stresses, chemical degradations, and extreme fluctuations in temperature accelerate the deterioration of concrete by way of loss of strength and increased permeability. One promising solution for these challenges is Epoxy Resin Concrete. ERC uses epoxy resins as binders, which increase its mechanical properties and strength significantly. The high adhesive power, low permeability, and excellent chemical resistance of epoxy resins create a highly cross-linked structure that significantly improves the toughness and durability of concrete. Consequently, ERC has several superior properties to conventional concrete, such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and crack resistance. It suits ERC in demanding environments, like marine structures, industrial floors, and road engineering. Enhanced performance of the ERC will be highly relevant for increasing the durability and safety of infrastructure subjected to severe conditions. This paper explores the advantages of ERC and its potential to offer a more durable and resilient solution to the challenges of modern construction. 
Morphological, Nutritional and Some Behavioral Characteristics of Common Palm Civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) in Captivity
Get PDFThis paper presents the results of monitoring the morphological characteristics and some behavioral habits of the common palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) in captivity. In terms of morphology, the civet in captivity also has the typical characteristics of the species as in the wild. The fur is moldy gray or moldy brown, the fur tips are black; along the back, the flanks have dark brown spots or often form three stripes running along the back from the shoulder to the base of the ear. The tail has unclear or black streaks at the base of the tail, the tail tip is usually black, however in some individuals it can be white; the nose, cheeks, ears, lower thighs and four hooves are black; the belly is gray. When the civet is young, the black brown spots are not clear, the fur is rough. As it gets older, the fur becomes smoother and the dark brown spots become clearer. In captivity, the main activities of the civet are moving, eating and resting. The civet is mainly active at night (daytime 233.16 minutes, accounting for 16.20%, nighttime 542.21 minutes, accounting for 40.58%). The average active time is 775.37 minutes, accounting for 56.78% of the total time of 1 day and night, the rest time is 664.63 minutes, accounting for 43.22%. The results of this study contribute to increasing understanding of the species and applying it in effective breeding conditions to conserve this rare animal. 
Assessing the Impact of Intercropping on Maize and Cowpea Yields in Aynayaskax Village, Garowe District, Puntland, Somalia
Get PDFThe field experiment was carried out during the March 2023 -May 2024 cropping season at Aynayaskax village, Garowe district, Somalia to determine the effect of intercropping of maize and cowpea on the yield, land use efficiency, and profitability of both crops. The experiment consisted of 2 treatments (sole maize, sole cowpea, in two replications where intercrop 1 (spacing of 40 cm between maize and cowpea) and intercrop 2 (spacing of 30 cm between maize and cowpea served as treatments.). The study revealed that while sole cropping of maize resulted in the highest grain yield (4245.4 kg ha-1), intercropping systems also yielded respectable results. Based on the present finding, intercropping of one row of maize and one row of cowpea has more economic advantage than the other crop combination or grown alone. Therefore, intercropping of one-row maize to one row of cowpea is advantageous to farmers in the study area since it would provide additional crop yield with the same piece of land and be more profitable related to cost-benefit. Therefore, intercropping of one-row maize to one-row cowpea is advantageous to farmers in the study area since it would provide additional crop yield with the same piece of land and more profit related to cost benefit.