European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences
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MNEs Entry Mode Choices: The Impact of Past on Current. Evidence from an Emerging Economy
Get PDFThe paper examines the effect past entry strategies have on current ones on a country level, Turkey. It illustrates how international experience and institutional distance affect the way an entry-strategy is formed, and the procedure followed -mode learning, mode inertia, mode dynamics. To do so, it synthesizes the literature review within the framework of Benito et al. (2009). This paper’s modifications are empirically tested through a sample of 408 foreign equity investments. The econometric testing method implemented is that of Binary Logistic Regression. The period of investigation extends between 2011 and 2017. Results indicate that MNEs entering the Turkish secondary and tertiary Turkish sectors tend to utilize past entry mode strategies. Furthermore, the higher the past mode strategy is for an MNE, then it is 4.4 more possible for them to choose a wholly owned subsidiary. 
Mining and Medicine: The Case of Waratah Hospital, Tasmania, Part 1, 1872-1954
Get PDFThe published case load of the doctors of the Waratah Hospital, Tasmania is described with emphasis firstly on the accidents occurring in the mines, and the subsequent business and community support of the victims over a twenty eight year period. Secondly the incidence and severity of infectious diseases before antibiotics and vaccine prevention is portrayed with lessons for today where infectious diseases have become the optional choice of the anti-vaccination advocates. Thirdly the problems of clinical medicine in an isolated community with an enormous workload, and of staffing the hospital run throughout the paper. 
Effect of Nutritious Plant Extracts on Broiler Chicken Development and Bacterial Microorganisms
Get PDFThis study examined the effects of 10% and 20% ginger and pomegranate peel extract on broiler chicken development and bacterial microbes. The experiment employed one-day-old male broiler chicks. In a totally randomized design, these hens were assigned to five nutrition treatment groups: 1. Control (base diet), 2. Pomegranate peel extract (10%, 20%), 4. Ginger extract (10%), 5. Ginger extract (20%). Each group had unlimited access to its diet for 5 weeks. The College of Agriculture of the esteemed University of Kerbala undertook this experiment. The extracts had antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant components, reducing harmful microorganisms and improving animal and human health. Plant extracts also improved development, boosted good bacteria, and decreased harmful bacteria. This implies that poultry diets might benefit from ginger and pomegranate peels. 
The Effect of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction at St. Joseph Referral Hospital-Peramiho, Tanzania
Get PDFThis study was carried out to assess the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction in health sector. The specific objectives of the study were to examine the effect of tangibility as a service quality dimension on customer satisfaction at St. Joseph referral hospital-Peramiho, to find out the effect of reliability as a service quality dimension on customer satisfaction at St. Joseph referral hospital-Peramiho, to examine the effect of responsiveness as a service quality dimension on customer satisfaction at St. Joseph referral hospital-Peramiho, to examine the effect of assurance as a service quality dimension on customer satisfaction at St. Joseph referral hospital-Peramiho and to examine the effect of empathy as a service quality dimension on customer satisfaction at St. Joseph referral hospital-Peramiho. The study used simple random sampling to select 123 respondents whereas data were solicited through questionnaire. Data were analysed using Structural equation model (SEM). The study found that tangibility has significant effect on customers’ satisfaction at St. Joseph referral hospital-Peramiho. The tangible elements of a healthcare service include the physical facilities, equipment, and appearance of healthcare professionals. The study also found that service quality reliability has significant effect on customers’ satisfaction. Likewise, the study indicated that service quality responsiveness has significant effect on customers’ satisfaction. Health services at St. Joseph referral hospital-Peramiho are unique in that they often involve people seeking assistance during times of vulnerability, uncertainty, and distress. The study concluded that all attributes have strong and positive associations with their respective observed items. The study recommended that the management of hospital should continue enhance these attributes of service quality so as to continue satisfying the customers who are the patients. 
The Effect of Non-Verbal Communication on the Effectiveness of Classroom Teaching: The Case of BTCA Students at the Institute of Accountancy Arusha
Get PDFThe study on the effect of non-verbal communication on the effectiveness of classroom teaching was conducted at the Institute of Accountancy Arusha main campus. The study used a sample of 100 respondents who were selected randomly from BTCA students in the communication skills module at the Institute of Accountancy Arusha. The study used an explanatory sequential design that allowed the combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques in two phases, Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires, while qualitative data were collected through interviews. Validity and reliability were tested by using Cronbach alpha and content validity index respectively. These tests yielded 0.79 and 0.85 respectively indicating that the tools and their findings were reliable and valid. Data analysis was done by using simple linear regression and content analysis for quantitative and qualitative data respectively. The study found that there is a significant moderate positive relationship between the use of non-verbal communication on the effectiveness of classroom teaching. This study has found that effective use of non-verbal communication in classroom teaching leads to effective classroom teaching. Furthermore, the study has found that some students are not aware of the use of non-verbal communication signs. Also, it was found that some teachers use irrelevant non-verbal communication. The current study recommends that teachers should use non-verbal communication effectively but students must be trained on the usefulness of non-verbal communication in learning. Furthermore, there is a need for teachers to use relevant non-verbal communication signs in teaching as respondents said that there are signs that are considered to be non-verbal communication but when teachers use them students never understand them. 
Exploring The Missing Link Between Trust in Business Negotiation and Virtual Work
Get PDFThis article addressed the relevance of Trust in online business negotiations. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. Firstly, this article provides an overview of the literature on Trust, business negotiations, and virtual work to address the research gap on Trust in virtual business negotiations. Secondly, based on this overview, we developed a theoretical model encompassing factors, practices, and tools that impact Trust in online business negotiations. After a systematic review, key findings pointed out that Trust significantly influences the virtual negotiation environment. Also, we discovered that we need to study coherently defining the factors that influence Trust in the virtual environment and demonstrate how it is connected to the overall virtual negotiation process. We conclude that the factors, practices, and tools that directly influence online negotiations are distance, time, perceived distance, culture, available technology, and reputation. 
Renewable Energy Sources, Sustainability and Environmental Protection: A Review
Get PDFEnergy plays a vital role in any country`s economic development. As such proper and adequate supply of energy is fundamental for environmental, social, and economic development. Renewable energy has ticked all the boxes to be considered the best energy source because it is environmentally friendly. Renewable energy is considered a clean source of energy because it generates limited secondary pollutants from burning fossil fuels. Conventional fossil fuels, which are a limited resource, provide a significant share of the main energy demand, but renewable energy development represents a significant step towards social, economic, and environmental growth. Due to the ever-increase demand for energy as a result of over growing human population which cannot be modified by the current shape of the earth due to how fast the world is becoming a virtual community. The requirement for energy and related services to meet human growth can be seen in welfare, social, health, and economic development. The need for renewable energy sources to combat climate change and protect our environment is a great strategy that needs to be sustainable to satisfy future generations’ energy needs. This paper describes the development opportunities related to renewable energy sources and their sustainability, environmental safety, social, and energy security, economic strength, and expanding access to affordable, safe, and cheaper energy. This helps provide a foundation for addressing the demand for sustainable development. 
Psychological Contract, Symbolic Interactionism, Social Exchange, and Expectation Violation Theories: A Literature Review
Get PDFThis article presents a literature review on Symbolic Interactionism, Social Exchange, and Expectation Violation Theories and their relevance to the Psychological Contract. The review is part of a doctoral thesis on the socialization process and can be helpful to Human Resource Managers (HRM), scholars, and practitioners. The review's findings show that while there are many studies on the newcomer's adaptation in the international literature, there are very few academic studies on this topic in the Brazilian context where the cost of losing a job can induce a golden cage behavior as we see in the public sector companies. Therefore, the review provides a new perspective on the socialization process of a firm's newcomer by combining the theories above, which have not been studied together before. 
Using of Nanoparticles in treating of Hydatid Disease in Domestic Animals
Get PDFThe parasite Echinococcus granulosus is the cause of unilocular hydatid disease, which is a serious health risk to people and domestic animals worldwide. Livestock with hydatid disease suffers substantial financial losses due to the slaughterhouse's disapproval of the diseased animal parts, productivity losses (such as lowered live weight gain, milk yield, reproductive rates, and hide and skin value), and expenses related to caring for both humans and animals. Because of the parasite's complex life cycle and the difficulties associated with traditional treatment techniques, new strategies are needed to handle this crippling illness more successfully. In the treatment of hydatid illness, nanomedicine and nanoparticles have shown great promise, providing new approaches to medication distribution, focused therapy, diagnosis, and control measures. The possible roles and applications of nanomedicine and nanoparticles in treating hydatid illness in domestic animals are reviewed in this article. Owing to their distinct physicochemical characteristics at the nanoscale, nanoparticles enable tailored medication administration, enhancing anthelmintic agent potency while reducing systemic side effects. Therapeutic drugs like praziquantel or albendazole can be encapsulated in these nanoparticles, allowing for improved permeability and retention at the location of the parasite cysts. Additionally, imaging agents and diagnostic instruments at the nanoscale enable.
Additionally, nanotechnology offers avenues for developing innovative control measures, including environmental disinfection and targeted delivery of parasiticides. Collaborative efforts between researchers, veterinarians, and experts in nanotechnology are crucial to harnessing the full potential of nanoparticles and nanomedicine in effectively managing the infection in domestic animals. 
Electric Traction System Technology as a Solution to African Transportation Industries
Get PDFThe electric traction system in the case of Africa is highly advantageous in terms of transportation. The electric traction system is designed to provide a DC output source from an AC source of 33kV/230V for suitable mobility of tract devices without minimum frequency change. In this work, electric traction system analysis was obtained using mathematical models and simulation of tracts system components using MATLAB. Due to the application of FACTs devices, a 12-pulse thyristor rectifier is used for rectification. The system components are an energy source, harmonic filter, step-down transformer, rectifier substation, and DC load. The maximum current of total harmonic distortion obtained is certified with the IEEE standard 5% total harmonic distortion. the output voltage is purely stable, and the power factor quality is improved.