European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences
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Pregnancy Characteristics and Delivery Outcomes of Individual Mother Hospitalized at Jalalabad, Kyrgyzstan
Get PDFBackground: Maternal morbidity is a silent struggle, echoing the untold stories of resilience and strength in the face of adversity. Women of childbearing age are faced with extreme uncertainties; hence the purpose of this study was to analyze fertility trend and maternal complications including the possible high-risk factors connected to maternal morbidity. Maternal morbidity could be prevented through early detection, including the period preceding pregnancy.
Methods and methodology: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study using data from hospital database describes trends of fertility and with immediate post-delivery maternal complication. The data was collected just from month January in 2023 from a Regional Maternity Hospital in Jalalabad, Kyrgyzstan. Total of 260 sample were drawn from the data base for the study.
Objective: The study intended to find the different pregnancy characteristics and the outcomes of delivery of Individual mother who were Hospitalized at Jalalabad, Kyrgyzstan. We settled for this topic because it is one of the significant causes of death among reproductive age group women around the world.
Result: Among 260 delivery cases, majority 56.2% of them were from age group 21 - 25 years. Majority of them have more than one child and 22.7% cases had more than 3 children. Common complications associated during pregnancy were anemia (17.3%) & Pre-eclampsia (16.1%) whereas most common postpartum complication was PPH associated with atony (17.3%). Obesity (10%) and Pre-existing hypertension (9.6%) were the most common comorbidity associated with pregnancy.
Conclusion: The research population appears to have high fertility trends. The main causes of obstetric complications were anemia, hypertension, and postpartum hemorrhage. Two prevalent comorbidities linked to pregnancy were obesity and underlying hypertension. To reduce pregnancy-related problems, it is imperative that interventions be implemented that support early ANC attendance, lower obesity, increase access to blood pressure monitoring, and provide family planning information and services. 
Effect of FLYASH and GGBS on the Mechanical Properties of Green Concrete
Get PDFConcrete is a fundamental material in construction, demanding high strength and workability for modern engineering structures. However, conventional cement production contributes significantly to CO2 emissions, prompting the exploration of eco-friendly alternatives. Several industrial by-products, such as fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), silica fume, and metakaolin, have cementitious qualities and can be used as binding agents in concrete. In our research, we aim to find ways to substitute cement for these by-products, particularly fly ash and GGBS, in concrete production in order to reduce cement consumption. Blast furnaces produce GGBS, a fine powder that is subsequently ground into fine powder as a byproduct. Fly ash has pozzolanic qualities, but it also provides pozzolanic materials that can be utilized to make cement. Industrial by-products like fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) offer promising substitutes for traditional cement. This study investigates the incorporation of 20% fly ash and 30% GGBS into concrete, evaluating its mechanical properties over 7, 14, and 28 days. Results show that green concrete exhibits comparable or superior compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths to conventional concrete, with lower carbon emissions and cost. The study underscores green concrete's potential as an environmentally sustainable and cost-effective alternative in construction. 
Antimicrobial Sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Aztreonam, Amoxicillin, Erythromycin, Carbenicillin, Norfloxacin, Chloramphenicol, Gentamycin and Azithromycin after Exposure to Radiation Emitted from Radioactive Sources, Lasers and Exposure to Magn
Get PDFObjective: The aim of this study to assess the sensitivity of P. aeruginosa for ATM, AML, E, CAR, NOR, CL, CN and AZM after exposure to radiation emitted from radioactive sources, Lasers and exposure to magnetized water.
Study design: Cross-sectional in descriptive study design with case–control in analytical study design
Backgrounds: P. aeruginosa gram negative bacteria occasion distinct kinds of contagion including epidermis, optics, ears, respiratory tract, urinary tract, intestines derived sepsis, soft tissues, skeleton and joint contagion. Radiation including ionizing and non-ionization depending on the energy of the radiated particles emitted Alpha, Beta and Gamma rays from different radioactive sources.
Methodology: Study populations and bacterial deposition and identification of P. aeruginosa. Exposure P. aeruginosa to radiation at different times and doses. Antimicrobial susceptibility test for ATM, AML, E, CAR, NOR, CL, CN and AZM after exposure to radiation emitted from radioactive sources, Lasers and magnetized water.
Results: After exposing P. aeruginosa to the Na23, CO60, Cs137 and Sr90 radioactive source without or without aluminum for (1,2,3) hr., the bacteria were examined for antibiotics and the results are high sensitivity to NOR, ATM, CAR. As well as, exposure to Nd: YAG laser in (10, 20) min. with exposure to magnetized water which show high sensitive to NOR and ATM antibiotics.
Conclusions: The radioactive sources, Nd: YAG laser and magnetic water have a strong effect on bacteria and their sensitivity to antibiotics, so that their sensitivity rate increased very significantly compared to before exposure. The most effective antibiotics in killing bacteria after exposure are Aztreonam, Norfloxacin, Carbenicillin and Gentamycin (ATM, NOR, CAR and CN). 
Rheumatic Carditis in Children Aged 3 to 15 in the Pediatric Services of the Zinder National Hospital: Epidemiological, Clinical, Paraclinical, Therapeutic and Evolutionary Aspects
Get PDFIntroduction. Rheumatic carditis (RC) is the set of acute manifestations of heart damage during acute joint rheumatism (RAA). It is one of the most common cardiovascular diseasesIn children and young adults and is a major public health problem in developing countries. The purpose of our study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of CR in the pediatric departments of the Zinder National Hospital (HNZ).
Patients and method. It was a cross-sectional descriptive study with retro-prospective data collection spread over a period of 4 years. It concernedAll children aged 3 to 15 years admitted during the study period to the pediatric departments of the HNZ, suffering from the RAA retained on the modified Jones criteria (2015) and on cardiac echocardiography data. Treatment and analYse data were made using Word, Excel and Epi Info 7.2.5.0.
Results. Our sample consisted of 39 cases of rheumatic heart disease out of a total of 31,951 hospitalized patients, a hospital prevalence of 0.12%.The average annual prevalence was 7.8 cases with two peaks observed in 2021 (13 cases) and 2022 (20 cases). The average age of patients was 9.05±3.3 with extremes of 3 and 15 years. The sex ratio Was Of 1.1 in faVeur of male patients. The majority of the children (54%) came from rural areas and 61% of the parents of the respondents were not in school. More than half (52%) of our patients' parents had a low socio-economic level. The principals X reasons for consultation were dyspnea (64.1%), edema of the lower limbs (10.2%), palpitations (5.1%), cough (41%) and fever (53.8%). The notion of repeated angina was found in 76% of cases. On the paraclinical level, the elevation N of the CRP was observed in 72% of cases, the ASLO rate was positive in 82% of cases. Most patients (78%) had cardiomegaly. The Mitral insufficiency (I M ) Was The most found valve lesion (46.41%).Diuretics (87%), oxygen therapy (41%), antibiotic therapy (100%), hygienic-dietary measures (100%) were the most widely used therapeutic means. The evolution was marked by clinical stabilization in 76% of patients and survey Naked deaths in 23.07% of cases.
Conclusion. Rheumatic heart disease Exists in the Zinder region. Late consultations worsen the prognosis of these patients in whom the surgical indication comes up against a limited technical platform, hence the interest of setting up an effective prevention program against acute joint rheumatism through the correct management of throat angina. 
Common Biomarker for the Assessment of Water Pollution by Local Fish
Get PDFThis present research examines the effects of water pollution on fish inhabiting the sites by monitoring physicochemical parameters and biomarkers at five stations with diverse levels of pollution. The selected sites targeted, basic upstream site, agricultural impact site, wastewater infested site, pollution mix site and the last one industrial downstream site. Solutions of water intensity were taken in order to determine the pH, DO and heavy metal ions (Pb, Hg, Cd). Fish species, which consider cyprinids is the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were collected for biochemical, histopathological, and molecular biomarker assessments. Based on the result obtained in the descriptive statistical analysis, the level of heavy metals in water samples collected from Euphrates River was observed to have a relatively high level of variation with the most polluted sites recording the highest concentrations of heavy metals, specifically sites 4 and 5. F test calculated from the ANOVA was found positive when tested for the parameters by comparing pH, DO and heavy metals where there is a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the various sites. Decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and increased catalase (CAT) activity pertaining to neurotoxicity and oxidative stress was observed in the fish belonging to polluted sites by biochemical analysis done on them. Histopathological observation disclosed that the liver tissue exhibited necrosis at its highest degree and gill epithelium had hyperplastic changes at the highest level of exposure. Tissue samples have shown that sites 4/5, fish are experiencing up-regulation stress genes. The findings underscore the profound impact of industrial and urban pollution on aquatic ecosystems, emphasizing the need for stringent pollution control measures. This study contributes to the broader scientific understanding of the ecological consequences of water pollution and underscores the utility of biomarkers in environmental monitoring and management. 
A Diagnostic Accountability of the Proportional Contribution Rate of Extent of Biophysical Processes of Desertification and the Landscape Changes in the Drylands of North Eastern Zone of Nigeria
Get PDFSo much in literature has been reported on the complex nature of desertification processes, and extents, but very little is known about the proportional contribution rate of these processes in a given landscape and hence the ultimate aim of this study. RS/GIS change detection techniques was employed in the landscape change analysis. The natural jenks classification in the spatial analyst tool in ArGIS was used to evaluate and map the landscape sensitivity areas. Twelve specific indicators representing specific processes and effects were analysed and three aggregated to represent four types of landscape; vegetation, soil, hydro-geomorphic and micro-climatic. A total of 8923km2 (29%) of the Vegetation landscape showed either positive or negative changes in vegetation cover. Low sensitivity areas contributed the highest (40.2%), followed by very high (4.6%), moderate (2.6%) and very low (2.5%) of vegetation degradation. 50% of the landscape recorded vegetation degradation while the other 50% recorded regeneration of vegetation. A very large extent (70.5%) of the soil landscape experienced either positive or negative soil changes. Soil degradation was contributed by Moderate (26.4%), High (17.8%, Low (5%) sensitivity landscapes. About 50% of the soil landscape revealed various forms of degradation. Only a small extent of the hydro-geomorphic landscape (7.8%) of the landscape underwent changes either positive (degradation) or negative (recovery). Out of this extent the very high sensitivity class contributed 32.1%, while moderate (14.5%) and Very Low (3.4%) of degradation. The pattern of contributions of changes in extents in the micro-climatic landscape indicated only a small extent of the landscape (9.6%). The high sensitivity landscape alone contributed 31.6% of the areas that observed degradation, followed by very high (10.1%) and Moderate (8.3%), this put together a total of 50% of the landscape recorded degradation. 
William Carey Rees (1845 – 1879): The First Australian Doctor
Get PDFIn 1867, William Carey Rees and Patrick Moloney were the first two medical students to graduate from an Australian Medical School. Prior to that date all medical practitioners working in Australia since the First Fleet in 1788 had graduated overseas, predominantly in England and Scotland. The short career of William Carey Rees before his premature death aged thirty three is described. 
Impact of Artificial Intelligence Applications on Profitability of Large-Scale Retailers in Gweru Urban, Zimbabwe
Get PDFThe study focused on the impact of artificial intelligence on the profitability of large-scale retailers in Gweru urban Zimbabwe. The study revealed that most of the successful retailers across the world are as a result of adopting artificial intelligence. In Gweru urban there is less utilisation of artificial intelligence by large scale-retailers. The study revealed a number of factors promoting the adoption of artificial intelligence by large-scale retailers. These factors include, technological readiness, availability of big data, organisational culture, regulatory framework, taxpayer acceptance, the need for data quality and privacy and security concerns. Also, the study Analysed the artificial intelligence applications for large-scale retailers. These AI include, price optimisation, fraud detection and prevention, predictive analytics for more accurate sales forecasting, supply chain optimisation, customer service Chatbots and automated replies, inventory management, personalised recommendations, visual search and image recognition. The study also, examined the impact of artificial intelligence on the operations of large-scale retailers. The impact of AI discussed include; improved accuracy, enhanced fraud detection, increased efficiency, real time monitoring, data driven policy making, improved customer experience, cost driven savings, revenue growth, provide a source of competitive advantage. The study revealed the challenges of adopting AI these include; data quality issues, lack of transparency and accountability. The study adopted a pragmatism philosophy as it utilised both qualitative and quantitative strategies in collecting and analysed the data. The results of the study revealed that there is a positive significance in adopting and implementing artificial intelligence on the profitability large-scale retailers. 
Evaluation of Thyroid Gland Hormones among Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Get PDFObjective: The study aims to determine the effects of PCOS on some thyroid hormones and to find the relationship between PCOS and the hormones T3, T4, and TSH in the population of Karbala. It is a case-control study that includes PCOS patients and a healthy control group. Method: The research was carried out during a period beginning in January 2024 and ending in March 2024. At the Obstetrics and Gynecology Teaching Hospital, Karbala Health Directorate. A case-control study was performed on 50 PCOS patients out of 50 healthy controls. After obtaining participants' information, a blood sample was drawn from venipuncture. T3/T4/TSH parameters were checked. Result: 50 women of PCOS and 50 healthy women, the results of patients are T3 (1.97), T4(85.92), TSH (1.82). Conclusion: Through our study, we conclude that there is an increase in the levels of T3/T4 hormones and a decrease in the level of TSH in the group, which is related to the effect of polycystic ovary syndrome on the patient. Thus, we conclude that there is a relationship between polycystic ovary disease and thyroid disease. 
The Physiological Effect of Newcastle Dieses on Blood Parameter Antioxidant Enzymes, Feed Consumption and Weight of Chicken
Get PDFThe aim of the current study was to identify the physiological effect of Newcastle disease in infected bird comparing with healthy bird .in these experiment 60 bird were divided into two groups each group was two replicates .The group of control T (healthy bird) the group T1 (infected bird ).The blood sample was collected in the end of the experiment the measure of hemoglobin (Hb) ,Total leukocyte cell count (TLC) , Total erythrocyte count (TEC), Differentiation white blood cell, Total protein, Globulin ,and antioxidant enzymes Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-XP), Catalase (CAT) ,Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Malondialdehyde (MDA). and we were measured the production parameters like a verge of weight, a verge of feed consumption rate and the rate of food conversion efficiency. The results show that significant p≤0.05 affected of the healthy bird compared with infected bird in most of the measure .This confirms that infected with Newcastle disease effect on the physiology of blood and antioxidant so his loss occurs in production of chickens that did not die in the field and this lead to major economic loss .