European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences
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Harnessing Large Language Models for Transformative Applications in Natural Language Processing
Get PDFThis review article highlights the paradigm shift brought in by LLMS in NLP, coupling their capabilities and applications with related challenges. Architectures like Transformers have given LLMs prominence. GPT, BERT, and PaLM brought tremendous improvement over tasks like text classification, machine translation, and conversational AI, demonstrating almost human-level accuracy in comprehension and generation. These models pave the way for applications in healthcare, finance, and multilingual customer service-disconnected domains made possible by their generalization and transfer learning capabilities. With the Adoption of LLMs, there is also a growing concern for high computational costs, data privacy, and inherent biases, which pose an ethical and environmental challenge. The paper concludes with a gaze into the future of NLP, emphasizing that responsible development practices should be followed to maximize the benefits of LLMs while decreasing their societal and environmental impact. 
Montesquieu’s Thought on Rule of Law-Set Issues for Political Practice in Vietnam
Get PDFBuilding the State with the objective: prosperous people, strong nation, democracy, justice and civilization has set an indispensable requirement of the comprehensive renovation of the apparatus of Vietnam in the direction of a modern state, which is the actual reason why we choose the political thought of Montesquieu as a theoretical basis for this article.
The purpose of the article is to assess the historical significance, epochal value, positive contributions of the doctrine to theory and practice of mankind through a generalization of Montesquieu's political thought, thereby we draw lessons and the necessity of creatively applying the doctrine to the construction of the rule-of-law state in Vietnam.
To achieve this purpose, we structure the content of the article into two sections: In the first section, the article briefly outlines basic contents of the thought that is directly related to our recommendation; In the second section, from the theoretical and practical values of the doctrine, we recommend directional solutions that we believe that they will bring practical effects to the renewal of the political system in Vietnam.
With the above content, in the article, we use methods such as: qualitative analysis method, generalization and systemization method, historical - logical method, data synthesis method. 
Impact of Educational Interventions on Menstrual Hygiene Practices: A Comprehensive Study
Get PDFMenstrual hygiene is essential for women’s health, influencing physical well-being and social participation. Despite its importance, many adolescent girls worldwide lack adequate knowledge and resources to manage their menstrual health effectively. This study investigates the impact of educational interventions, including school-based programs, community workshops, and digital campaigns, on menstrual hygiene practices among teenage girls aged 15–18 years in Chikkabanavara. Using a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design, the study included 60 participants’ selected based on specific criteria, such as literacy in Kannada and residence in the target area. The sample size was determined through pilot study findings, with a standard deviation of 4.8, ensuring 80% power at a 0.05 significance level. The interventions aimed to improve knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to menstrual hygiene. Results revealed a substantial improvement in understanding menstrual hygiene, with mean scores increasing from 55% pre-intervention to 85% post-intervention (p < 0.01). This indicates the effectiveness of the strategies in raising awareness and fostering better hygiene practices. The study highlights the potential of targeted educational interventions to bridge gaps in menstrual hygiene awareness, ultimately improving health outcomes and quality of life for adolescent girls, especially in underserved communities. 
Advanced Customer Insights and Data Security in CRM: Strategic Analytics for Enhancing Loyalty
Get PDFIn today's data-driven competitive marketplace, customer relationship management has grown from mere support to sales into a strategic prop that helps in the nurturing of customer loyalty, improvement of satisfaction, and attainment of growth in a sustainable manner. This paper describes how the extended role of CRM on advanced techniques for the acquisition segmentation and analytics of customer data enables a business to identify or engage high-value customer segments through clustering, classification, and hybrid models. These capabilities empower the companies to provide predictive and personalized customer interactions. Another significant focus of the research study is data security for CRM systems, which involves centralized encrypted storage, role-based access control, and multi-factor authentication to keep customer information safe and compliant with regulatory requirements such as GDPR and CCPA. Coupled with artificial intelligence and predictive analytics, the role of CRM has become so advanced that it can facilitate real-time data analysis for proactive decision-making, further enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty. The findings have shown that a unified CRM framework, which balances actionable insights with robust security protocols, is integral to trust, competitive advantage, and long-term growth for any organization in this heightened environment of data privacy awareness. 
Mind-Controlled Mobility Solutions Utilizing Electroencephalogram-Based Brain-Machine Interfaces
Get PDFThis research project focuses on the innovative development of mind-controlled mobility solutions using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals through a non-invasive Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) to empower individuals with mobility impairments. By incorporating both synchronous and asynchronous Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) methodologies, this study aims to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of brain-controlled systems through the analysis of multiple brain signals to refine user intent interpretation for seamless control over mobility devices. A key aspect of the project is the implementation of shared control mechanisms to enhance system security, enabling collaborative interaction between users and devices for safe and reliable operation. Machine learning classifiers, including support vector machines, artificial neural networks, and decision trees, has been be evaluated for real-time processing of EEG signals to determine the most effective algorithms for translating brain activity into commands that facilitate essential movements like moving forward, backward, and turning. This systematic approach will involve signal acquisition, preprocessing, classifier training, and user testing to validate system efficacy. Ultimately, this project seeks to bridge the gap between neurotechnology and practical mobility applications, contributing valuable insights to neuroscience, engineering, and rehabilitation while enhancing the usability and accessibility of assistive devices to improve the quality of life for individuals with physical disabilities. 
Modelling Menopause Age with Emphasis on the Relationship Between Age, Non-Growing Follicles and Ovarian Depletion
Get PDFThis study presents a mathematical model for predicting the age of menopause by examining the dynamic interactions between non-growing follicles (NGFs), hormonal regulation, and ovarian reserve depletion. Central to the model are key parameters (k₁ to k₉), which represent rates of follicle growth, atresia, hormonal production, and ovarian reserve depletion. The model incorporates variables such as follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and ovarian reserve, linking them to age-dependent changes in NGFs. Sensitivity analysis reveals the significant impact of parameters k₁, k₂, and k₉, which accelerate or delay menopause depending on their values. Simulation results align with observed biological data, showing NGFs decline from approximately 700,000 at birth to 1,000 at menopause, typically around age 50–51. Hormonal feedback loops, such as rising FSH levels compensating for declining NGFs, are critical in accelerating ovarian reserve depletion. The findings highlight the interplay of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors in determining menopause timing. Applications of the model include predictive medicine, fertility planning, and personalized treatments such as hormone replacement therapy. The model marks a significant advancement in understanding menopause dynamics, its predictive capabilities and examines interventions for women at risk of early menopause. This reports the highlight the complex relationship between NGFs, hormonal regulation, and ovarian health, offering a valuable framework for future studies and clinical applications. 
Synthesis and Characterization of Selenium Nanoparticles Using Orange Peel Powder and Testing Its Inhibitory Activity on Some Bacterial Isolates
Get PDFThe present study aimed to synthesize selenium oxide nanoparticles (SeONPs) using aqueous extract orange peels extract which was used as reducing and covering agent. the characterization of particles done by series of tests. Examination p spectrometry Uv –Vis Where the highest peak of the ultraviolet spectrum appeared at the level of (241) with an absorbance of (3,93). infrared spectrometer examination (FT-IR) was among the clearly indicate that h a substance (Ascorbic and compounds of phenolic existing) aggregates hydroxyl in touch concluded that orange peels are responsible for the synthesis of nanoparticles and installed. X-ray diffraction measurement XRD crystal structure was spherical in shape, and the highest diffraction peak in the crystal plane was at the peak (72.7858) versus the diffraction angle. (32.855˚= 2θ) The range of values of crystalline levels (13.835˚- 103.019˚), which proves that all particles are within the Nanoscale. (FE-SEM) result showed that the nanoparticles sizes homogeneous and show that a crystal ball diameter ranges between (8.735 - 163 5nm) .After preparing a solution of selenium nanoparticles, its antibacterial activity was tested by measuring the inhibitory region of bacterial isolates from food sources towards each of the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) as well as Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) , the results showed that the biosynthesized SeONPs showed an effective antibacterial activity against all tested bacteria respectively : Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Escherichia coli. 
A Novel Approximation Approach for the Analytical Solution of the Flow of Micropolar Fluid Through a Permeable Channel
Get PDFAn attempt is made in this study to investigate the problem of micropolar fluid flow in a porous medium theoretically. Employing the Berman’s similarity solution, the model equations governing the flow is transformed into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equation and solved using Temimi-Ansari method. Expressions for the velocity and micro-rotation profiles are obtained under the impressions of diverse parameters affecting the flow problem. Using symbolic computation software Mathematica, the nondimensional equations are solved numerically using the Keller Box scheme. Comparison between the analytical solution obtained by TAM and the numerical result are compared with results in literature to observe rapid convergence. Findings from the study showed in the presence o
The Role of Women Weavers in Improving the Family Economy in Kampung Sabu Kelurahan Oepura Kota Kupang
Get PDFThis study aims to describe and analyze the role of women weavers in improving the family economy in Kampung Sabu Kelurahan Oepura Kota Kupang. This study uses the theoretical framework of Biddle and Thomas to analyze the changing role of women, showing the dynamic interaction between traditional values and economic contribution in defining gender roles in Kampung Sabu. This study uses a case study approach in the qualitative realm with the strategy of conducting field research conducted in two stages. The first phase is a field research activity with female informants selected weavers purposive sampling. Informants of the study consisted of seven ikat weavers in Kampung Sabu field Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions(FGDs), and literature studies.Data analysis was done qualitatively using interactive models, including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results showed that the transformation of the economic system affects the role of women weavers in Kampung Sabu, who play a dual role as housewives and workers. They are engaged in economic activities to overcome economic difficulties. Weaving skills, passed down from generation to generation, had significant economic value, with additional income from the sale of woven fabrics making an important contribution to the family economy. Despite the pressures of everyday life, women weavers remain persevering. In urban environments, wives also play a dual role as housewives and workers, using participation in economic activities as a way to stabilize the family economy amid uncertainty. 
Impacts of Climate Change in Afghanistan and an Overview of Sustainable Development Efforts
Get PDFAfghanistan is ranked fourth of the most vulnerable countries to climate change. Climate change impacts livelihoods, food insecurity, and displacement caused by human induce-activities like deforestation and land pasture degradation. Drought is the major shock affecting 64% of household in 2024. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the impacts of climate change in Afghanistan and the country’s sustainable development efforts. This was done through an integrative literature review using database like Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science with a total of 80 articles spanning from 2015 to 2024. The study indicated that sustainable development efforts is impacted by climate change with agricultural sector projected to decline in wheat, rice, and barley (28%, 4.92%, 387kg respectively) by 2050. This not only impacts the country economy but also had an impact of SDG (Goal 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8). The temperature is expected to reach 1.5oC and 3oC by 2050 and rainfall by 25%. Precipitation will decline by 12-25m by 2050. Even though sustainable development efforts have been implement in area of health and agriculture with focus on reducing temperature that affect grain crops, 59.5% of people still experience food insecurity. Reforestation, conservation, and community awareness through community base programs has been enhanced. However, these initiatives are hampered by lack of regulations, government instability, and limited finance. To counter the impacts of climate change in Afghanistan, the study proposed recommendations such as international cooperation, funding for sustainable infrastructure in health, agriculture, and water resource management.