European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences
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Study of the Effect of Pentostam on Some Bacterial Species Isolated from Skin Infections
Get PDFIn the current study, Pentostam treatment, used to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis, was used against some types of bacteria isolated from skin infections (Klebsiella and Staphylococcus) to determine the extent of the bacteria's resistance to this treatment. The results showed that staph bacteria were more sensitive than Klebsiella bacteria.
On the Mueller-Hinton medium and measuring the inhibition zone, some types of vitamins were used in this study, such as vitamin C and vitamin B, without and with Pentostam, to determine their effect in increasing or decreasing the effectiveness of Albutostam against bacteria.
The findings demonstrated that vitamin B did not affect the bacteria's sensitivity to vitamin C alone. However, when they were combined with pentostam treatment, the results showed that vitamin B had the effect of reducing the effectiveness of pentostam against staph. Bacteria and klebsiella bacteria, while vitamin C was shown to increase the effect of pentostam treatment on Both types of bacteria. 
Board Collaboration and Service Delivery in Constitutional Commissions in Kenya
Get PDFConstitutional commissions are currently a widely celebrated phenomenon in public governance. Many democracies all over the world, including Kenya have adopted independent constitutional commissions as a system of governance to improve service delivery. Researchers have generally supported the position that board collaboration influences service delivery. The purpose of the study was to establish the influence of board collaboration on service delivery in constitutional commissions in Kenya. The theory was hinged to Stewardship Theory. The study adopted both descriptive survey and exploratory research designs, and used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The units of analysis were constitutional commissions of Kenya created by the chapter 15 of the Constitution of Kenya and Act of Parliament. The target population was the 202 (CEOs, head of departments and board members) in the constitutional commissions in Kenya. The data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results revealed that board collaboration had a positive and significant relationship with service delivery in the constitutional commissions in Kenya. The study implies that fostering effective board collaboration is crucial for enhancing service delivery in Kenya's constitutional commissions, suggesting a strategic focus on collaborative governance practices. 
Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature Dependent Models and Its Variability with Climatic Variables over Akure, Nigeria
Get PDFPhotosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) is an essential input for applications pertaining to biomass production, plant physiology, and natural lighting in greenhouses. It is the amount of light energy necessary for photosynthesis to occur, and the wavelengths of this light are typically between 400 and 700 nm. In this study, the photosynthetically active radiation for Akure (latitude 7.28°N, longitude 5.30°E, and 375 m asl.), located in the coastal region of Nigeria, was estimated and investigated using data on the monthly averaged daily global solar radiation, relative humidity, wind speed, minimum and maximum temperature from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) archives over a thirty-eight-year period (1984–2021). In order to determine the accuracy of the models, eight (8) new temperature PAR-based models were developed for the location and statistical tests were conducted using the coefficient of determination (R2), mean bias error (MBE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean percentage error (MPE), t-test, and index of agreement (IA). The findings demonstrated that PAR for Akure is lowest in the month of August with 6.5320 MJm-2day-1 during the rainy season (April to October) and highest during the dry season (November to March), with 8.6670 MJm-2day-1 in March. The best model equation for calculating PAR for Akure was found to be the one that links the PAR and natural logarithm of temperature changes; its R2, MBE, RMSE, MPE, t-test, and IA values were 68.1%, 0.0032 MJm-2day-1, 0.5208 MJm-2day-1, -0.4479%, 0.0204, and 82.8013%, respectively. 
Environmental Social Work in Sierra Leone: An Emerging Field of Practice
Get PDFThe paper explores ways in which social workers in Sierra Leone can engage in environmental social work. In the broader context of the Global South, this relates to the results of contributions to global social impact, to develop more environmentally oriented social work practices. Environmental injustice is one of the issues that requires social workers to use holistic intervention methods to achieve environmental justice.
The paper argues for environmental justice and indigenous social work practice in Sierra Leone focused on natural resource management. The paper conducted an in-depth review of the literature on environmental law in Sierra Leone, as well as selected theoretical literature on social work. The paper identified a lack of interdisciplinary collaboration among professionals as well as a lack of social entrepreneurship among social workers in Sierra Leone. The paper recommends active promotion of solidarity and social economics by social workers through natural resource management and engagement in environmental justice. The systems and people in the environment theoretical framework provides a framework for social workers' engagement with environmental issues when addressing client problems (individual, group and community). The curriculum of schools of social work should include social ecology and environmental justice through postgraduate applied courses in corporate social responsibility (CSR), social impact assessment (SIA), public participation (PP). 
Factors Influencing Academic Adjustment and Learning Outcomes in Higher Education Institutions in Battambang: A Conceptual Framework
Get PDFUniversity students frequently encounter comparable difficulties and experiences during the transition process, both domestically and internationally. Navigating academic adjustment successfully necessitates effectively addressing a number of variables that affect how effective the learning results are. The purpose of this study is to provide a conceptual framework, as well as to discover and elucidate the complex relationship between one mediated factor that influences students' learning outcomes and five predictor variables that influence how well students adjust academically. The independent variables include individual factors (INF), instructional and school factors (ISF), social and cultural factors (SCF), mental factors (MEF), and academic attainment factors (AAF). The mediated variable is the success of academic adjustment (SAA), and the dependent variable is the student’s learning outcome (SLO). This study entails a thorough review of data sources such as academic journals, research papers, and empirical studies from 1990--2024. The findings reveal that INF, ISF, SCF, MEF, and AAF directly influence and that positive relationships with SAA and SAA directly influence SLO. This research integrates theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence to propose a cohesive model that can guide future research and provide insight into effective educational practices. Students at higher education institutions in Battambang benefit from a more supportive learning environment created by a comprehensive approach that includes these components. This will also help students adjust academically and improve their learning outcomes. 
Monarchy and Its Role in Nation Building in Nepal: Unveiling Myths and Historical Realities
Get PDFThis study critically examines the role of the Shah monarchs in nation-building, exploring the intersection of historical reality and myth. Despite their significant influence, the Shah kings are often viewed through a lens of folklore and myth, which may obscure their actual contributions to national development. Nepal, one of Asia’s oldest nations, boasts a rich history spanning over three millennia, during which it has been governed by various dynasties, with the Shah dynasty being the most recent (1768-2006). Situated between China and India, Nepal is known for its diverse historical kings, including the Kiranti, Lichhavi, Malla, and Shah dynasties. This study investigates how the Shah Dynasty, particularly under Prithvi Narayan Shah, contributed to the formation of modern Nepal and the shaping of national identity. The research addresses two primary questions: Shah Dynasty’s impact on nation-building and the contemporary perceptions of their contributions. Utilizing historical methods, this study seeks to clarify the historical accuracy of these myths and their effects on current national identity and development. 
Oedipal Aspect in Sons and Lovers: A Psychoanalytic Study
Get PDFThis research attempts to investigate how gender is seen in Sons and Lovers by D. H. Lawrence, the greatest piece of English literature. An examination of the Oedipal element in D.H. Lawrence's Sons and Lovers can be conducted using a psychoanalytic perspective, notably applying the Oedipus complex theory developed by Sigmund Freud. The writings of Lawrence provide context for the gender issue discussed in this essay. In the book under consideration, gender meaning is emphasized. Lawrence's Sons and Lovers describes how gender is treated. The Oedipus complex and its relation to Freudian thought are also covered. Along with these conflicts, the paper also depicts those between mother and son, mother and beloved, and soul and body. With a psychoanalytic perspective, this research analyzes the Oedipal element in D.H. Lawrence's Sons and Lovers, emphasizing the complex dynamics of familial connections and how they affect the main character, Paul Morel.
Central to the analysis is Paul’s intense bond with his mother, Gertrude, which embodies the Oedipus complex's themes of love, dependency, and rivalry. The strained relationship with his father, Arthur, exacerbates Paul's psychological conflict, leading to a struggle for identity and autonomy. Additionally, Paul's romantic entanglements with Miriam and Clara illustrate his ongoing battle between maternal attachment and the pursuit of adult love. By exploring these relationships and their symbolic implications, this study highlights how Lawrence portrays the complexities of emotional dependency and the challenges of achieving selfhood in the context of unresolved Oedipal tensions. Ultimately, the research underscores the profound effects of early familial interactions on adult psychological development and relational dynamics. 
A Geospatial Technology Approach to Wind-Farm Site Selection in Akure South Local Government Area, Ondo State
Get PDFThis study aims to assess the suitability of locations for wind turbine farms. The study employed a GIS-based approach coupled with AHP techniques to identify the most suitable locations for Wind Turbine Farm installations in Akure South Local Government Area (LGA) Nigeria. The dataset used were the extracted attributes of criteria for wind farm establishment adopted from those harvested from previous researches. These attributes were acquired from relevant sources most online and the Global Positioning System (GPS) instrument field work; and subjected to various appropriate geospatial and analytical hierarchical processing and analysis. The resultant suitability map identified key area for probable wind energy farm establishment. The result showed that 15.058% (5150.52ha) of the study area situated mostly at the Northern and Central part of the study area, and very sparsely across other parts, are suitable for the establishment of wind turban farm, out of which 0.03% (8.46 ha) are very suitable. 67.47% (22316.85 ha) mostly around the central part and sparsely all over the study area are moderately suitable. Area of low suitability covered 16.95%, and located at the Southern and North-Western part of the study area. The research was recommended as a guidepost for green energy use, for provision of autonomy in electricity distribution, as a prompt for more research for the establishment of wind turbines farms to bridge the energy gap and ensure energy security for the commercial and industrial sectors in the area. 
Accomplishments and Media Coverage of Nepal's First Elected Government
Get PDFThis article examines the work and impact of Nepal's first elected government following the 2007 revolution, which ended 104 years of family Rana rule and established democracy in the country. The revolution set the stage for a transition to a political system based on multi-party democracy and constitutional monarchy. Initially, King Tribhuvan promised to advance the country through a constitution created by representatives elected to a Constituent Assembly within two years. However, both King Tribhuvan and his successor, King Mahendra, avoided holding the Constituent Assembly elections out of fear that an elected body might challenge the monarchy. The kings repeatedly postponed the elections while maneuvering to preserve their power. Eventually, political pressure led to the acceptance of parliamentary elections in 2015, with even the republican communist party being coerced into recognizing the monarchy. King Mahendra, however, only agreed to the elections after ensuring no single party could dominate the state machinery. Contrary to the king's expectations, the Nepali Congress achieved a two-thirds majority in the 2015 general election. Once in power, the elected government began efforts to promote public welfare. In response, the king intervened by using military force to dissolve the parliament and suspend the government for 18 months, preventing them from functioning effectively for five years. During this period, political parties were banned, and newspapers critical of the royal actions were censored. This article highlights the significant achievements and challenges faced by Nepal's first elected government, as well as the broader implications of the royal intervention on the country’s democratic processes. 
The Comprehensive Application of Ecological Techniques for Carbon Sequestration in Farmland Soils
Get PDFHuman activities, such as the combustion of fossil fuels and alteration in land use, have resulted in a significant and persistent increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations. Among these activities, greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural soils represent a critical contributor to this trend. To mitigate the effects of accelerating climate change and enhance soil quality, there is an urgent need to increase the organic matter content in agricultural soil systems. This review examines the mechanisms of soil carbon sequestration within agriculture and evaluates key strategies employed in agricultural ecological engineering for carbon capture. Specific methods discussed include conservation tillage, exogenous carbon addition, and the use of earthworms. For each method, we detail the underlying mechanisms, as well as their respective advantages and limitations. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive theoretical framework and practical recommendations for improving agricultural practices aimed at enhancing soil carbon sequestration.