European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences
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Indian Buddhist Heritage in Vietnamese Culture – A Sustainable Basis of Vietnam-India Relations
Get PDFIndia - a subcontinent of culture, philosophy and religion. It has been one of the centers of civilization since ancient times. Along with the other civilization centers, Indian civilization has flourished and spread to surrounding countries, especially Southeast Asian countries, including Vietnam. It has become one of three solid foundations which has formed the Southeast Asian culture, including Vietnamese culture, the diversity and unity – Unity in Diversity. That's why Vietnamese culture has reprinted many imprints of India's cultural heritage. One the most influenced Indian heritage is Buddhist heritage. It is not only a foundation (basis) for the evolution of Vietnam-India relations in history, but it is also a basis of the especially trusting friendship between Vietnam and India now and in the future. In the framework of a scientific conference, I would like to express my thoughts on the meaning of Indian Buddhist heritage in Vietnamese culture, so that we can further recognize the reasons and deep foundations that make up the Vietnamese-Indian friendship today. 
Identifying Barriers for Hospital Staff to Participate in Clinical Research: A Cross-Sectional Study
Get PDFClinical research is the cornerstone for development of the medical field, as the research quality and convenient data are crucial for new steps in disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. To provide the best patient care. The proposed research aims to conduct a cross-sectional survey to identify and understand the barriers to participation in clinical research specifically within the context of hospitals affiliated with the Health Insurance Organization. By exploring the multifaceted challenges that physicians face in engaging with clinical research. This is a multicenter cross-sectional study, conducted at Health Insurance Institute hospitals, in Alexandria. The study employed quota sampling to recruit healthcare professionals from the three hospitals. The data was collected through a standardized self-administered online survey platform through Google form, that we shared via the formal what’s app hospital group. The results of this cross-sectional revealed that 56.4% only aware there is a Research unite in their hospitals, 29.4% are unsure and 14.1% did not know, 85% of the participant indicated that the clinical research carried out in Research Units of the hospitals of Health Insurance organization have a significance role in the advancements in medical knowledge, patient care, and evidence-based practices. In conclusion, the survey results illuminated significant barriers to clinical research participation among healthcare professionals in hospitals affiliated with the Health Insurance Institute. While there is a clear willingness to engage in research, several factors such as lack of awareness, inadequate training, time constraints, and administrative complexities hinder participation. 
Bisphenol A Contamination in Aquatic Environments: A Current Review of Remediation Technologies and Pathways for Future Solutions
Get PDFBisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, has raised significant environmental and public health concerns due to its widespread use and persistence in aquatic environments. This review explores the contamination of aquatic environment by BPA, its sources, and its toxicological effects on ecosystems and human health. BPA, primarily used in the manufacturing of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, enters water bodies through industrial effluents, landfill leachates, and wastewater discharge. Its harmful impact includes endocrine disruption, reproductive disorders, and developmental toxicity, which affects both aquatic life and humans who rely on contaminated water sources. Current remediation strategies, such as Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs), have shown promise in degrading BPA but face challenges in scalability and efficiency. Technologies such as ozonation, Fenton’s process, and peracetic acid based systems have been explored, showing varying degrees of effectiveness in removing BPA from contaminated water. Additionally, the use of carbonaceous materials like activated carbon and biochar has enhanced the efficiency of these processes. Despite these advancements, complete BPA degradation remains difficult, and further research is required to optimize these technologies. Moreover, stronger regulatory frameworks are essential to manage BPA contamination, with varying regulations being implemented across different regions. The review concludes by highlighting the need for integrated approaches combining improved treatment technologies and stricter regulations to mitigate BPA contamination and safeguard environmental and public health. 
Teacher’s Creativity, Innovation and Emotional Intelligence as Predictors of Transformational Education in Universities in South-East, Nigeria
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This study examined teachers’ creativity, innovation and emotional intelligence as predictors of transformational education in universities in South-East, Nigeria. Three specific purposes; three research questions, and three hypotheses guided the study. Correlational research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised all the 4,240 teaching staff (2,778 in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka; UNIZIK and 1,462 in Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo; AE-FUNAI). The sample size for the study was 424 teaching staff drawn through proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Structured instruments “Creativity Rating Scale (TCRS) developed by the researchers; Innovation Adoption and Impact Questionnaire (IAIQ) developed by Emily Carter in 2021; Emotional Intelligence Rating Scale (EIRS) developed by Schutte et al. in 1998; and Transformational Education Rating Scale (TERS) developed by the researchers” were used for data collection. The instruments were face validated by three experts in Faculty of Education; two lecturers in Educational Management and Policy and one lecturer in Measurement and Evaluation Unit, Department of Educational Foundations Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Internal consistencies co-efficient of 0.84, 0.90, 0.81, and 0.91 were obtained for TCRS, IAIQ, EIRS, and TERS respectively using Cronbach Alpha statistical method. The researchers administered the instrument to the respondents with the help of six research assistants. Out of the 424 copies of the instruments administered, 409 copies (96.46%) were retrieved duly completed, and used for data analysis. Simple linear regression statistics (R) was used for data analysis. The (R) was used to determine the predictive value of the independent variables and the dependent variable of the study. The p-value was used to determine the significance of the prediction for all hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. All analyses were carried out using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 25. The study findings revealed that teachers' creativity, innovation, and emotional intelligence are very strong predictors and significantly predict transformational education in universities in South-East Nigeria. Based on the empirical findings, it was concluded that teachers' creativity, innovation, and emotional intelligence are critical components that significantly enhance the effectiveness of transformational education in universities in South-East Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others that policymakers should formulate and implement policies that encourage and support teachers' creativity and innovation. This includes funding for research and development in education, as well as policies that integrate emotional intelligence training into teacher preparation programmes. 
Job Commitment as a Correlate of Teachers’ Productivity in Public Primary Schools in South West, Nigeria
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate job commitment as a correlate of teachers’ productivity in public primary schools in South West, Nigeria. The population of this study consisted of all Primary school teachers in South West, Nigeria. The sample for this research consisted of 900 primary school teachers in South West, Nigeria selected through a multistage sampling procedure. Two instruments used to collect data were Teachers’ Productivity Questionnaire (TPQ) and Job Commitment Questionnaire (JCQ). Face and content validities were ascertained for the two instruments with the help of experts in Educational Management, Guidance and Counselling, and Test Measurement and Evaluation from the Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti. Test-retest method was used to establish the reliability of the two instruments with reliability coefficients of 0.89 and 0.85 for TPQ and JCQ respectively. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The research question was answered using frequency count, mean and standard deviation. All hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis. The three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that the predominant job commitment variable considered in this study was loyalty. The study also showed that there is a significant relationship between job commitment variables (hard work, loyalty and team work) and teacher’s productivity in primary schools in South West, Nigeria. Based on the findings of the study, it is therefore recommended that the government, State and Federal ministries of Education, and school authority should implement a performance management system that evaluates teachers based on their hard work, loyalty and team work. 
Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resource Availability in Somalia: A Comprehensive Review
Get PDFSomalia, located in the Horn of Africa, is facing a serious challenge as climate change makes water shortages worse, threatening the country’s economy and the way people live. This review looks at how climate change is affecting Somalia’s water supply, focusing on changes in rainfall, more frequent droughts, and the loss of underground water. Most of Somalia’s people depend on farming and raising animals. However, irregular rainfall, long dry periods, and higher temperatures have hurt these activities, reducing the amount of water available and making food shortages worse. Northern Somalia struggles with the overuse of underground water, while southern areas face flooding and dirty water. These problems have made poverty worse, forced people to leave their homes, and caused conflicts over limited water, especially between farmers and herders. Despite these challenges, there are ways to improve the situation. This review suggests solutions such as using water-saving methods like drip irrigation, collecting rainwater, and refilling underground water supplies. Building dams and reservoirs, planting trees, and protecting soil can also help in the long term. Good government leadership is essential. Somalia needs strong rules for managing water, better systems to prepare for disasters, and teamwork with nearby countries to share water fairly. Help from other countries, including financial support, is also very important. The review shows that Somalia needs simple, creative, and community-focused plans to deal with climate change. By using these solutions, Somalia can turn its water shortage problem into an opportunity, ensuring enough water for its people, improving its economy, and becoming a role model for dry regions. Acting now is crucial to protect Somalia’s future. 
Epidemiology and Impact of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Domestic Fowl from Buner District, Pakistan
Get PDFPoultry farming, especially domestic fowl (Gallus-gallus domesticus), is a crucial agricultural activity worldwide, providing an affordable and reliable source of protein through eggs and meat. Despite its importance, gastrointestinal parasitism remains a major challenge, significantly compromising poultry health and productivity. This study investigated the prevalence and species composition of gastrointestinal parasites in domestic chickens from four tehsils of district Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, from August 2022 to August 2023. A total of 400 fecal samples were analyzed at the Veterinary Research and Disease Investigation Center, Balogram, Swat. The findings revealed a high prevalence of oocysts from Eimeria species, with Eimeria tenella (69.25%) and Eimeria brunetti (61%) being the most common. Additionally, Eimeria maxima (59.75%), Dispharynx nasuta (41.75%), Ascaridia dissimilas (54.75%), Capillaria annulata (57.5%), and Capillaria contorta (56.5%) were detected. Parasitic worms, including Raillietina tetragona (51.25%), Davainea proglottina (56.25%), and Ascaridia galli (59.5%), were also prevalent. Unidentified oocysts were observed, suggesting the presence of potentially novel parasite species. This study highlights the widespread burden of gastrointestinal parasites in poultry in the region, underscoring the need for enhanced control measures and further research into parasite management strategies to improve poultry health and productivity. 
DFT and SQMFF Studies on Structures, Stabilities and Vibrational Spectra of Monomers and Dimer of Antibacterial Agent, Nalidixic Acid
Get PDFIn the present work, structures of two monomeric forms and the dimer of Nalidixic acid in accordance to the experimental reported have been theoretically studied by using B3LYP/6-311++G** calculations in gas and methanol environments to predict its reactivities, stabilities and, to perform the assignments of all the normal modes of vibration. Thus, based in the scaled quantum mechanical force field (SQMFF) methodology, the assignments of 168 and 81 normal modes of vibration for the dimer and monomers, respectively have been performed. Very good correlations between experimental and theoretical IR, Raman, and Ultraviolet spectra are acquired evidencing in the same the presence of those three forms of acid, as was experimentally observed. NBO and AIM calculations suggest that both forms present the same stabilities in the gas phase while the form II is less stable in methanol solution. Both studies revealed the existence of intermolecular contacts, as observed in the experimental structures. The form I has a solvation energy of -89.22 kJ/mol, the form II -60.34 kJ/mol and the dimer -73.32 kJ/mol. The present study confirms some of the assignments previously made with some modifications indicated by the most accurate force field developed in the present work. In addition, the scaled force constants are also reported. 
Groundwater Over-Extraction: Comprehensive Review of Socio-economic Impacts and Pathways to Sustainable Management
Get PDFExcessive groundwater extraction is a worldwide issue that has multiple harmful economic and environmental effects. This extensive review investigates the multi-faceted reasons leading to unsustainable groundwater utilization. It examines the socioeconomic consequences such as; agriculture decline, population migration, public health risks, and economic instability as well as the environmental deterioration through land subsidence, depleted aquifers, and polluted water resources. The main cause of unsustainable groundwater usage originates from agricultural activities yet urbanization processes and industrial development combined with weak governance systems substantially worsen the situation. Excessive extraction of water disturbs hydrologic cycles, weakens agricultural production, and forces vulnerable rural residents to relocate into urban centers thereby putting pressure on already strained urban facilities. Public health conditions also deteriorate because of decreased water quality standards and limited amounts of water available which in turn heighten social and economic disparities. This review synthesizes existing literature to demonstrate the interdependent nature of these conflicting effects while calling for comprehensive resource management approaches. The authors propose sustainable agricultural practices like drip irrigation alongside adaptable governance systems and economic instruments including water price implementation to find solutions. Moreover, the importance of advanced monitoring systems and community empowerment serve as major factors in building conservation and resilience programs. This study emphasizes aligning policy integration with local needs to resolve both environmental degradation and socioeconomic aspects of groundwater depletion. Ultimately, this review aims to guide policymakers and stakeholders in implementing effective strategies to mitigate groundwater over-extraction and promote sustainable resource management
The Effects of Intravenous Hydration on Amniotic Fluid Volume and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Term Pregnancy and Oligohydramnios
No full textBackground: Oligohydramnios is a common obstetric complication in the third trimester, associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Since amniotic fluid volume reflects fetal well-being, strategies to increase fluid levels are of clinical value. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal intravenous hydration on amniotic fluid index (AFI) and pregnancy outcomes. Methods: A single-blind controlled clinical trial was conducted at Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City, Baghdad, from April 2016 to March 2017. A total of 100 pregnant women with term gestation (37–41 weeks) and oligohydramnios (AFI ≤5 cm) were randomly assigned into two groups: intravenous hydration (n=50) and control (n=50). The intervention group received one liter of isotonic saline over 120 minutes. AFI was measured at baseline and re-assessed three hours later. Data were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests. Results: In the hydration group, mean AFI increased significantly from 4.10±0.76 cm to 4.93±0.81 cm (p=0.0001), representing a 20% rise. In the control group, AFI increased slightly from 4.17±0.90 cm to 4.43±0.90 cm, which was not statistically significant (p=0.055). Fetal distress occurred in 18% of the hydration group compared with 36% in controls, showing a significant reduction (p=0.043). All cases with fetal distress required cesarean delivery. Conclusion: Intravenous hydration is a simple, safe, and effective method to improve AFI in term pregnancies complicated by oligohydramnios. It may also reduce the incidence of fetal distress and the need for emergency cesarean section, making it a practical management option