European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences
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Learning Gap Assessment in Integrated Science 7 at Saint Paul University Surigao-New Site Campus
Get PDFScience education plays a crucial role in developing students' critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and scientific literacy. However, the COVID-19 pandemic and other external factors have significantly disrupted the educational system in the Philippines, affecting the traditional modes of teaching and learning. This paper focuses on the learning gap analysis in Grade 7 Integrated Science subject and emphasized the importance of identifying students' strengths, shortcomings, and areas of misunderstanding. By conducting learning gap assessments, teachers can tailor instruction and interventions to address these gaps and improve students' scientific knowledge and inquiry skills. The study was conducted in St. Paul University Surigao which revealed learning gaps in various science competencies, such as distinguishing mixtures from substances based on a set of properties and differentiating saturated and unsaturated solutions. The findings highlighted the need for personalized and targeted interventions like skill assessment, peer collaboration, continuous assessment, and reinforcement and practice that bridged learning gaps and created a more inclusive and productive learning environment in science education. Recommendations include sustaining effective interventions, employing more instructional activities, and conducting further studies on learning gap assessments in science subjects. 
Fire Resistance Durability of Regenerated High Ductility Concrete: An Experimental Study
Get PDFThis paper explores the fire resistance and durability of Regenerated High Ductility Concrete (RHDC), a material designed to enhance both structural flexibility and thermal stability under extreme fire conditions. Due to the increasing demand for safer, more resilient building materials, particularly in high-risk fire zones, the study aims to evaluate RHDC's potential for replacing conventional concrete in critical infrastructure. Experimental procedures involved subjecting RHDC samples to high-temperature fire exposure followed by mechanical testing (compressive strength, tensile strength, and ductility). The results showed that RHDC demonstrated superior fire resistance compared to traditional concrete, maintaining its integrity under prolonged fire exposure. Post-fire mechanical tests revealed that the material retained much of its initial strength and flexibility, making it a promising candidate for fire-resistant construction. This study also discusses the role of regeneration in improving concrete’s fire resistance and highlights its practical applications for modern infrastructure. 
Single-Cell Genomics Unveils the Complexity of Cryptosporidium Parasite Life Cycle in Vitro
Get PDFObjective: The application of single-cell genomics to unravel the complex life cycle of Cryptosporidium and gain comprehensive insights into host–parasite interactions has garnered increasing attention from scientists seeking to understand the pathogenesis of cryptosporidiosis. Materials and Methods: Cryptosporidium samples were collected in a systematic manner and prepared meticulously to preserve cellular integrity. Advanced sequencing techniques were employed, with a particular focus on single-cell genomics. Upon completion of sequencing, the data underwent extensive bioinformatics analysis to uncover cellular diversity, transcriptional dynamics, and the intimate relationship between parasite and host. Results: We identified a previously unrecognised cell type and expanded the traditionally accepted developmental stages of Cryptosporidium, offering a potential explanation for the physiological traits and late-stage infectivity observed in C. parvum. Transcriptomic analyses revealed stage-specific gene expression, particularly within the newly discovered Type D cell. Additionally, we characterised a complex network of host–parasite interactions, some of which may be critical in determining disease severity. Conclusion: This study advances our understanding of the Cryptosporidium life cycle and its interactions with host cells through the application of state-of-the-art single-cell genomics. The findings offer promising avenues for the development of targeted therapies and set the stage for future research in the field. 
Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Teaching and Learning of Political Theory Subjects at Colleges Today
Get PDFArtificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human cognitive processes by machines, particularly computer systems. It is programmed by humans to automate intelligent behaviours, thereby reducing the need for manual labour and increasing accuracy. AI is a subfield of computer science focused on developing systems capable of performing tasks typically requiring human intelligence. In this context, intelligence is commonly defined as the capacity to learn, reason, and adapt to diverse tasks effectively. 
Determinants of Quality of Life Among Individuals with Infertility Attending Gynaecology Clinics in a Tertiary Hospital in South-Western Nigeria
Get PDFThere is a scarcity of research in Nigeria examining quality of life (QoL) among individuals facing infertility, particularly studies that evaluate both men and women across multiple dimensions of well-being. This study set out to evaluate the QoL of infertile individuals attending gynaecology clinics at University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, located in Oyo State, South-West Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted. The World Health Organization's QoL instrument was employed to assess QoL across four domains: physical, psychological, social, and environmental health. A total of 263 participants were selected through simple random sampling. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21, with domain scores computed on a scale of 0 to 100 in a positive direction, indicating that higher scores reflected better QoL. Means and standard deviations were reported for continuous variables, while descriptive statistics addressed the research questions. Hypotheses were tested using binomial logistic regression, with p-values <0.05 and <0.01 considered statistically and highly statistically significant, respectively. Findings revealed that nearly half (48.3%) of the participants were aged 35–44 years, the majority were Yoruba (77.9%), and most were female (70.0%). Over half (57.4%) had experienced infertility for 1–5 years, and 76.8% were in monogamous unions. Educational attainment varied, with 38.8% of husbands and 45.6% of wives holding bachelor’s degrees. Monthly income exceeding ₦100,000 (approx. $100 USD) was reported by 47.9% of respondents. Overall, 69.2% had a marginal QoL score (mean = 3.384 ± 0.319), indicating slightly above-average well-being. Social and environmental health domains showed the lowest scores, with 17.9% and 17.1% of participants reporting inadequate health in these areas, respectively. Key predictors of QoL included age, duration of infertility, the husband's educational background, and the wife’s occupation. Statistically significant positive correlations were observed between physical and psychological health, as well as between social and environmental health (p<0.05). Based on these findings, it is recommended that infertility treatment be incorporated into the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) to alleviate the financial challenges faced by affected individuals. 
A 21-Year Analysis of Students' Performance in West African Secondary School Certificate (WASSCE) Physics and Chemistry Examinations in Nigeria (1999-2019)
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of students in the West African Senior Secondary School Certificate Physics and Chemistry Examinations in Nigeria in the years 1999-2019. All the 19,753,590 students who sat for the examinations between 1999 and 2019 were involved in the study. The study adopted the Expo facto research design. The instrument for the study was the Summary of results of students in Physics and Chemistry Examinations obtained from the West African Examination Council, from which the data was gathered. The students’ performance were analyzed using percentages, means, and correlation. These findings of the analysis revealed an unstable pattern in the performance of students in the two subjects. Only 51.78% and 50.84% of the students who enrolled for the WASSCE Physics and Chemistry respectively scored credits and above between 1999 and 2019. The study further revealed that though there was a slightly higher performance in WASSCE Physics examination than in WASSCE Chemistry examination, there was a significant positive and moderate correlation between the percentage of students who scored credits and above in WASSCE Physics and the percentage of students who scored credits and above in WASSCE Chemistry between 1999 and 2019. The study then recommends that all stakeholders work together to tackle all the weaknesses reported by the WAEC Chief examiners report, in which the lack of understanding of Physics and Chemistry concepts by the students is topmost. 
Legal Framework for Income Distribution in Cooperatives: Principles and Practice
Get PDFTo conduct business activities, the first, cooperatives must have charter capital, which members contribute to the cooperative according to their commitment before establishment. The second, In the process of business activities, members must directly contribute labor, that is, participate in the management and operation of cooperative activities, at the same time, members directly use the products and services of the cooperative, create revenue, and ultimately create profits for the cooperative, generating income. When income arises, the cooperative processes the income according to the order and procedures prescribed by the Law on Cooperatives, according to the provisions in the Cooperative Charter or according to the financial regulations of the cooperative. Finally, the cooperative distributes income to members according to the level of use of products and services, according to the level of labor contribution and according to the capital contribution ratio. 
Impact of Project Management Practices on the Performance of the Core Fund Management System in the Public Sector: A Case of National Social Security Fund (NSSF) Head Quarters, Tanzania
Get PDFThis study examines the impact of project management practices on the performance of the Core Fund Management System (CFMS) at Tanzania’s National Social Security Fund (NSSF). Adopting a cross-sectional design, the research targeted 47 Information Communication Technology (ICT) professionals directly involved in the Core Fund Management System (CFMS) project and a statistically determined sample of 186 out of 346 system users, selected using Yamane’s formula to ensure representativeness. Data was collected through structured, self-administered questionnaires featuring closed-ended questions and Likert-scale items. This method enabled efficient data gathering and ensured respondent anonymity, which encouraged honest feedback. The analysis employed descriptive statistics and Spearman’s Rank Correlation to explore the relationship between adherence to project management practices and Core Fund Management System (CFMS) performance. The results revealed a significant positive correlation (ρ = 0.336, p = 0.021), indicating that adherence to structured project management practices enhances system performance. Key findings suggest that while practices during the initiation, planning, execution, and closing phases were generally adhered to, there were areas for improvement in stakeholder engagement and issue management. The study concludes that consistent project management positively influences Core Fund Management System (CFMS) performance and recommends enhanced stakeholder engagement, increased training in project management methodologies, and routine evaluation of practices. Future research should explore the long-term impact of improved stakeholder engagement on system performance and project success. 
Significance of Related Learning Experience Towards Competent Nursing Work Performance
Get PDFRelated Learning Experience (RLE) is a major and vital aspect of the nursing curriculum. It is where students are molded and trained to be competent, effective and efficient future nurses. It is also where teamwork and collaboration with the health team is developed and honed. From clinical practice in the hospitals, clinics and communities, significant learnings can create challenges in handling new environments, diverse patients, demanding classmates and clinical instructors; but all these are consequential for nursing students’ competency and training in critical and problem-solving techniques. This study investigated the nursing students' perceptions on the impact of clinical learning experience that contributed to competent nursing work performance. Online questionnaires were administered to one hundred (100) respondents. Quantitative content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results of the study indicated that having sufficient, efficient and meaningful clinical practice as undergraduates can propel them to successful work competencies and job placement. Results of the study revolved on areas of clinical efficiency, critical thinking, problem-solving and social-moral support provided by academically qualified, and competent clinical instructors were factors contributing to creating skilled nurses who show genuine care about their patients, performing work with great efficiency, and caring with empathy and compassion. 
Effect of Natural Organic Fertilizers (Black Tea Waste and Orange Peel) on Active Compounds and Chemical Properties to Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
Get PDFThe aim from this study is known impartment natural organic fertilizers (black tea waste and orange peel) on active compounds (Linalool and Limonine mg. gm-1) and chemical properties. Proportion and product of oil (mg.h1-), carbohydrate seed content (mg g-1), percentage of nitrogen and percentage of protein to basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), black tea wastes and orange peel powder were prepared from the house in 1 February 2023 and then we dried the samples under the open air so that we could maintain the active compounds. The operational experiment was carried out in plastics quotas according to the design of the random sectors in the wood shadow. Two factors included the first: mixing of black tea wastes and orange peels with soil with three levels (0, 20 ,40 and 80 g/kg). Soil (before cultivation and treatment), filled plastics with 10 kg dry soil and 3 replication per treatment. The results were found to have a moral effect in the treatment of black tea waste of the level of concentration of 80 g/kg. Soil at Proportion and product of oil (mg.h1-), Carbohydrate seed content (mg g-1), percentage of nitrogen, percentage of protein, Linalool and Limonine mg gm-1that gave the highest concentration (51.15%, 19.67, 1.59, 21.43, 23.52 and 12.95) respectively. The results were found to have a moral effect in the treatment of orange peels of the level of concentration of 80 g/kg. Soil at Proportion and product of oil (M g.h1-), carbohydrate seed content (mg g-1), percentage of nitrogen, percentage of protein, Linalool and Limonine mg gm-1 that gave the highest concentration (50.12, 18.39, 1.66, 20.15, 22.98 and 11.88) respectively.