2469 research outputs found
Sort by
Efectos de la sequía sobre la biodiversidad
No full textFotografía ganadora del Primer Puesto del III Concurso Nacional de Fotografía Científica del CONACYT, en la categoría Fotógrafo Aficionado y con la temática “El poder del agua”.
El tema fue seleccionado como parte del concurso con el objetivo de generar conciencia sobre la importancia del cuidado del agua y el impacto que tiene en nuestras vidas.
El concurso es una iniciativa del CONACYT, a través del Programa PROCIENCIA II con apoyo del Fondo para la Excelencia de la Educación y la Investigación (FEEI).Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Concursos de divulgación de ciencia y periodismo científic
Memoria Seminario de Matemática de América Latina y el Caribe
No full textLa Fundación Universitaria de Itapúa (FUNDUNI), en el marco de su misión, apoya a las universidades nacionales del Paraguay, y preferentemente a las del departamento de Itapúa en la implementación de programas, proyectos de fortalecimiento para el mejoramiento de la educación superior. Es bajo este compromiso con la excelencia académica que presentamos en este documento resumen, una crónica detallada del Seminario de Matemática de América Latina y el Caribe, celebrado en el año 2023.
La Fundación Universitaria de Itapúa, en alianza con la Universidad Nacional de Itapúa y el apoyo del CONACYT-Paraguay, desempeñó un papel fundamental en la organización y desarrollo de este evento académico de gran relevancia. Este resumen no solo busca documentar las actividades realizadas, sino también destacar el impacto positivo que este Seminario ha tenido en la formación matemática en nuestra región.
A lo largo de sus páginas, encontrarán un compendio de experiencias compartidas, conocimientos adquiridos y reflexiones generadas durante este Seminario. La diversidad de participantes, que incluyó a profesores extranjeros, doctores paraguayos, así como estudiantes de varios países americanos, subraya la amplitud y riqueza de la experiencia académica vivida en este evento.
Este resumen no solo sirve como respaldo del éxito del Seminario, sino también como una fuente de información para aquellos que buscan comprender la importancia de la inversión en la formación especializada de recursos humanos y en matemáticas avanzadas. A través de sus páginas, se revela el compromiso de la comunidad académica con el desarrollo y fortalecimiento de la matemática en nuestra región.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Eventos científicos emergente
Vacuna recombinante contra la familia Pasteurellaceae de aplicación intradérmica para ganado porcino
No full textLa familia Pasteurellaceae comprende un grupo heterogéneo de bacterias, como ser: Glaesserella parasuis, Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica y Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, patógenos de importancia veterinaria. Cepas patógenas de estas especies circulan en granjas productoras de la región, siendo responsables de pérdidas económicas importantes en el sector porcino. La vacunación es una de las estrategias preventivas utilizadas actualmente para controlar a estos patógenos. Biosyntech S.A., una empresa paraguaya instalada en la ciudad de Fram, Dpto. de Itapúa, actualmente desarrolla vacunas autógenas que permiten controlar brotes de estos patógenos. Con el objetivo de generar un producto innovador, competitivo y que pueda comercializarse a nivel nacional e incluso internacional, se presentó este proyecto, por medio del cual se logró adquirir diversas capacidades técnicas, equipamientos y reactivos, que permitieron el desarrollo de un prototipo de vacuna recombinante contra la familia Pasteurellaceae de aplicación intradérmica para ganado porcino: “Porcisafe”, así como la instalación de la capacidad en la empresa para el desarrollo de otros productos basados en esta tecnología.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPrograma de Innovación en Empresas Paraguayas. Proyectos Individuales de Innovación y Desarroll
Evaluation of the acute toxicity by Artemia salina of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles obtained via sol-gel in an aqueous medium without using additives
No full textCorresponding author: Magna Monteiro, [email protected] (Hap) is one of the most important calcium phosphate bioceramics applied to bone tissue regeneration. Synthesizing Hap nanoparticles from easily accessible and low-cost alternative sources of calcium precursors remains a challenge, as well as defining an ideal and reproducible synthesis route without using additives to control the pH of the reaction and entirely performed at room temperature. This study proposes a route for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite by the sol-gel method without the addition of additives for pH control, carried out at room temperature. The Hap samples were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and BET. The synthesized Hap presented a spherical morphology without the formation of unwanted phases or residues. Samples calcined at 600 and 750 °C resulted in stoichiometric hydroxyapatite with 100% purity and average particle sizes of 24 and 53 nm, respectively. On the other hand, the samples calcined at 900 and 1050 °C presented a specific content of β-calcium phosphate and average particle sizes of 118 and 732 nm, respectively. Acute toxicity was evaluated by Artemia salina nauplii instar I and II for 24 and 48 h of exposure. The tests were conducted on 10, 100, and 1000 ppm of Hap dissolutions. The highest death rate and more significant morphological alterations were observed in A. salina nauplii instar II, exposed to Hap at a concentration of 1000 ppm for 48 h.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Financiamiento de estancias de investigació
High prevalence and co-infection of high-risk Human Papillomavirus genotypes among unvaccinated young women from Paraguay
No full textCorrespondencia: [email protected] launched a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program in 2013, so virological surveillance is important for measuring the impact of HPV vaccines. This study aimed to estimate the type-specific HPV frequency in unvaccinated sexually active women aged 18– 25 years in the metropolitan area of Asuncion as a baseline for monitoring the HPV vaccination program. This study included 208 women, attending the Central Laboratory of Public Health between May 2020 and December 2021, were invited for testing through social networks and flyers at local health centers and higher education institutes. All participants who agreed to contribute to the study signed a free, prior, and informed consent form and answered a questionnaire that included basic demographic data and determining factors of HPV infection. Human papillomavirus detection and genotyping were conducted using the CLART HPV2 test (Genomica, Madrid, Spain) that allows the individual identification of 35 genotypes. 54.8% women were positive for any HPV type, with 42.3% positive for high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types. Several factors were associated with HPV detection including the number of sexual partners, new sexual partners, non-use of condoms, and history of other sexual infections. Moreover, multiple infections were identified in 43.0% of the young women. We detected 29 different viral types present in both single and multiple infections. HPV-58 was the most commonly detected HPV type (14.9%), followed by HPV-16, HPV-51, and HPV-66 (12.3%). We estimated the prevalence of bivalent (16/18), quadrivalent (6/11/ 16/18), and nonavalent (6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58) vaccine types to be 8.2%, 13%, and 38%, respectively. These results reinforce the importance of surveillance studies and provide the first data regarding circulating HPV genotypes in the unvaccinated population in Paraguay, thus generating a baseline to compare future changes in the overall and typespecific HPV prevalence after HPV vaccination.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Proyectos de investigación y desarroll
Encuesta de Innovación Empresarial EIE 2021 : Informe Final
No full textEl Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) presenta los principales resultados de la Encuesta de Innovación Empresarial de Paraguay (EIE 2021) con cobertura a nivel nacional.
La información presentada por la encuesta facilita contar con indicadores nacionales actualizados que permitirán el diseño de políticas públicas efectivas ante la necesidad y/o oportunidades de las empresas paraguayas.
En este sentido, el CONACYT a través de la Dirección de Información Científica y Estadística – DICE dependiente de la Secretaría Ejecutiva del CONACYT presenta este material denominado “Principales Resultados de la Encuesta de Innovación Empresarial 2021 – EIE 2021”.
La Encuesta de Innovación Empresarial 2021 fue dirigida a las empresas formales que cuentan con 10 o más personas ocupadas, que desarrollan actividades económicas relacionadas con la industria manufacturera y del sector servicios (Telecomunicaciones, Informáticas, Información, Ingeniería, Innovación y Desarrollo – I+D).
Entre los principales indicadores relevados se encuentran: gasto total en Investigación y Desarrollo, gasto total en otros esfuerzos de innovación, tipos de innovación según tamaño de las empresas, financiamiento de la innovación, métodos de protección de la propiedad intelectual utilizados, obstáculos internos y externos, clasificación del personal ocupado, según nivel educativo, etc
Espigas resistentes
No full textFotografía con Mención Especial en el III Concurso Nacional de Fotografía Científica del CONACYT, en la categoría Fotógrafo Aficionado y con la temática “Semillas que alimentan”, vinculada con la declaración de la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas, del año 2023 como Año Internacional del Mijo, con el objetivo de combatir el hambre, contribuir a la seguridad alimentaria, la nutrición y mejorar la diversidad del sistema alimentario. El concurso es una iniciativa del CONACYT, a través del Programa PROCIENCIA II con apoyo del Fondo para la Excelencia de la Educación y la Investigación (FEEI).Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Concursos de divulgación de ciencia y periodismo científic
Desarrollo científico y tecnológico en Paraguay : logros y desafíos del CONACYT
Get PDFCorresponding author: Ing. Cynthia Delgado. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Paraguay. [email protected] National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT) in Paraguay, created by Law 1028 in 1996, has been a key player in promoting scientific and technological developments in the country. This entity is responsible for coordinating two National Systems: The Science and Technology System (SNCTI) and Quality System (SNC). Its main objective is to generate policies and strategies that promote scientific and technological progress; prioritize social, ethical, and environmental sustainability; and promote scientific education and research (1). This article will examine in detail the significant achievements of CONACYT in the last nine years and the key programs it has implemented, such as the Paraguayan Program for the Development of Science and Technology (PROCIENCIA) and Paraguayan Business Innovation Program (PROINNOVA)
Performance of standardised colposcopy to detect cervical precancer and cancer for triage of women testing positive for human papillomavirus : results from the ESTAMPA multicentric screening study
Get PDFCorrespondence to: Dr Joan Valls, Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69366, France. [email protected]. Colposcopy, currently included in WHO recommendations as an option to triage human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women, remains as the reference standard to guide both biopsy for confirmation of cervical precancer and cancer and treatment approaches. We aim to evaluate the performance of colposcopy to detect cervical precancer and cancer for triage in HPV-positive women.
Methods. This cross-sectional, multicentric screening study was conducted at 12 centres (including primary and secondary care centres, hospitals, laboratories, and universities) in Latin America (Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay). Eligible women were aged 30–64 years, sexually active, did not have a history of cervical cancer or treatment for cervical precancer or a hysterectomy, and were not planning to move outside of the study area. Women were screened with HPV DNA testing and cytology. HPV-positive women were referred to colposcopy using a standardised protocol, including biopsy collection of observed lesions, endocervical sampling for transformation zone (TZ) type 3, and treatment as needed. Women with initial normal colposcopy or no high-grade cervical lesions on histology (less than cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] grade 2) were recalled after 18 months for another HPV test to complete disease ascertainment; HPV-positive women were referred for a second colposcopy with biopsy and treatment as needed. Diagnostic accuracy of colposcopy was assessed by considering a positive test result when the colposcopic impression at the initial colposcopy was positive minor, positive major, or suspected cancer, and was considered negative otherwise. The main study outcome was histologically confirmed CIN3+ (defined as grade 3 or worse) detected at the initial visit or 18-month visit.
Findings. Between Dec 12, 2012, and Dec 3, 2021, 42 502 women were recruited, and 5985 (14·1%) tested positive for HPV. 4499 participants with complete disease ascertainment and follow-up were included in the analysis, with a median age of 40·6 years (IQR 34·7–49·9). CIN3+ was detected in 669 (14·9%) of 4499 women at the initial visit or 18-month visit (3530 [78·5%] negative or CIN1, 300 [6·7%] CIN2, 616 [13·7%] CIN3, and 53 [1·2%] cancers). Sensitivity was 91·2% (95% CI 88·9–93·2) for CIN3+, whereas specificity was 50·1% (48·5–51·8) for less than CIN2 and 47·1% (45·5–48·7) for less than CIN3. Sensitivity for CIN3+ significantly decreased in older women (93·5% [95% CI 91·3–95·3] in those aged 30–49 years vs 77·6% [68·6–85·0] in those aged 50–65 years; p<0·0001), whereas specificity for less than CIN2 significantly increased (45·7% [43·8–47·6] vs 61·8% [58·7–64·8]; p<0·0001). Sensitivity for CIN3+ was also significantly lower in women with negative cytology than in those with abnormal cytology (p<0·0001).
Interpretation. Colposcopy is accurate for CIN3+ detection in HPV-positive women. These results reflect ESTAMPA efforts in an 18-month follow-up strategy to maximise disease detection with an internationally validated clinical management protocol and regular training, including quality improvement practices. We showed that colposcopy can be optimised with proper standardisation to be used as triage in HPV-positive women.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Proyectos de investigación y desarrollo14-INV-036PINV18-25
Luring triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) into a trap : aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes as attractants of triatoma infestans
No full textAddress correspondence to Antonieta Rojas de Arias, Centro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Manduvirá 635 entre 15 de agosto y Oleary, Asunción 1255, Paraguay. E-mail: [email protected] assess the attracting capacity of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes to Triatoma infestans, the Chagas disease vector, laboratory tests were conducted using individual compounds and mixtures to evaluate their potential use in baited traps for intradomicile population dynamics analysis. Commercial samples of hexanal, nonanal, and benzaldehyde were used at 95% purity. The experiments were performed at 25°C and 65% relative humidity using two procedures: a glass arena with filter papers impregnated with 1, 5, and 10 μL of the tested compounds and a double-choice olfactometer. Attraction was scored positively if the insect remained more than 30 seconds on one of the surfaces. The results of the study showed that hexanal was attractive to females at higher concentrations (5-10 μL; P < 0.0001), and IV instar nymphs were only attracted at the highest concentration (10 μL; P < 0.01). Nonanal was attractive to IV instar nymphs at 1 and 5 μL (P < 0.0001), whereas males and females were more attracted at 1 μL (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Benzaldehyde showed significant differences with respect to controls, attracting females at low concentrations (1 μL; P < 0.0001) and IV instar nymphs at 5 and 10 μL (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.001, respectively). In the olfactometer, the 60:40 hexanal/nonanal mixture was the most effective. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes studied here, both individually and in mixtures, could be used as effective attractants for T. infestans in intradomicile-baited traps. These results suggest that mixtures of these compounds could be implemented in field trials for Chagas disease surveillance.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Proyectos de investigación y desarroll