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THE SURVEY OF DRIVING STANDARDS IN ROAD CARGO TRANSPORT
No full textThe paper presents survey among more than 150 Czech truck-drivers regarding the habits influencing road transport safety. Among others, the focus is on meeting driving-times regulations, tiredness, exceeding maximum allowed speeds, talking on the radio, using hands-free, and watching movies during driving. The paper describes the outcomes of the survey and analysis the influence of individual criteria on transport safety
Lieutenant versus Marshal. Double Challenge to Post-Vaubanian Tradition in the Texts of Scottish Military Engineer Charles Bisset, 1751–1778
No full textThis text represents a study in cultural history of war and warfare and adheres more specifically to the genre of historical anthropology. It deals with a problem of concept of so called crisis of permanent fortification, commencing in the period after the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle which terminated the War of the Austrian Succession. One of the very few critics of this new concept, which favoured field operations and decisive battles over established methods of siege warfare, was Scottish military engineer Charles Bisset, an author of highly advanced book on theory of fortification, published in 1751, which offered a way out of the perceived crisis. Despite being protected by the supreme commander of British armed forces, William, Duke of Cumberland, Bisset’s propositions were unexpectedly and unceremoniously rejected and he was discharged from the corps of military engineers. In the absence of almost any documentary sources, this text attempts to offer an anthropologic analysis of such abrupt and most unusual ending of Bisset’s career, linking it with lasting and deep cultural trauma associated with the subterranean and pyrotechnical dimension of siege warfare, which represented a major focus of Bisset’s work.This text represents a study in cultural history of war and warfare and adheres more specifically to the genre of historical anthropology. It deals with a problem of concept of so called crisis of permanent fortification, commencing in the period after the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle which terminated the War of the Austrian Succession. One of the very few critics of this new concept, which favoured field operations and decisive battles over established methods of siege warfare, was Scottish military engineer Charles Bisset, an author of highly advanced book on theory of fortification, published in 1751, which offered a way out of the perceived crisis. Despite being protected by the supreme commander of British armed forces, William, Duke of Cumberland, Bisset’s propositions were unexpectedly and unceremoniously rejected and he was discharged from the corps of military engineers. In the absence of almost any documentary sources, this text attempts to offer an anthropologic analysis of such abrupt and most unusual ending of Bisset’s career, linking it with lasting and deep cultural trauma associated with the subterranean and pyrotechnical dimension of siege warfare, which represented a major focus of Bisset’s work
The Ideal Cardinal and the Role of the Papacy in Dell’uffizio del cardinale (1599) by Giovanni Botero
No full textThe paper aims to highlight the principal topics of Giovanni Botero’s speech Dell’uffizio del cardinale (1599), the first part of it being dedicated to show what cardinals could do to improve Catholicism in the Reformation world, and the second one, known as Discorso intorno allo Stato della Chiesa, is based on the analysis of the papacy as an independent state: a state that was regional but with universal pretensions.The paper aims to highlight the principal topics of Giovanni Botero’s speech Dell’uffizio del cardinale (1599), the first part of it being dedicated to show what cardinals could do to improve Catholicism in the Reformation world, and the second one, known as Discorso intorno allo Stato della Chiesa, is based on the analysis of the papacy as an independent state: a state that was regional but with universal pretensions
Behind the negotiations: Nuncio Antonio Caetani’s experience at the court of Madrid (1611–1618)
No full textWhen the Borghese family’s ascent to power in the court of Rome began, the domain of the Sandovals within the court of Madrid was already well-established. Through analysis of the correspondence of Nuncio Antonio Caetani, this article underscores how the papal representative promoted himself as a principal interlocutor between these two groups of power. He had to serve the Apostolic See and to satisfy the Spanish ministers and expectations of the nobility, thus increasing the honour of his noble family. A perspective on the relations between Rome and Madrid at the beginning of the seventeenth century will be examined, by focusing on a myriad of recommendations, favours, rewards, and benefices as recompense for gratitude and friendship. The approach purports to deepen the practice of the early modern diplomacy, by considering Caetani’s networks and his perceptions as a privileged observer of court life.When the Borghese family’s ascent to power in the court of Rome began, the domain of the Sandovals within the court of Madrid was already well-established. Through analysis of the correspondence of Nuncio Antonio Caetani, this article underscores how the papal representative promoted himself as a principal interlocutor between these two groups of power. He had to serve the Apostolic See and to satisfy the Spanish ministers and expectations of the nobility, thus increasing the honour of his noble family. A perspective on the relations between Rome and Madrid at the beginning of the seventeenth century will be examined, by focusing on a myriad of recommendations, favours, rewards, and benefices as recompense for gratitude and friendship. The approach purports to deepen the practice of the early modern diplomacy, by considering Caetani’s networks and his perceptions as a privileged observer of court life
The Habsburg Monarchy from a Roman Perspective: Potential Insights of the “Nuncial Reports from Germany” for International Historical Research
No full textrom the very beginning of the edition “Nuncial reports from Germany” in the late nineteenth century, the publication of sources was extended beyond the century of Reformation to the time of the Thirty Years’ War. The fourth series, dedicated to the first half of the seventeenth century, was finished in 2016. There are six substantial volumes which document the core phase (around 1630) of the Thirty Years’ War with its decisive change to the disadvantage of the emperor, the Habsburgs and the Catholic faction of the Holy Roman Empire up to the intensive efforts to make peace, the Peace of Prague in 1635 and the concurrent European extension of the Thirty Years’ War with Sweden’s and France’s entry into the war in 1630/1635. With these volumes, a cohesive documentation of sources of European rank was achieved. 2018 marked the 400th anniversary of the outbreak of the war, thus it is worth looking at this edition as a prime collection of sources of European history, particularly of the Papal–Habsburg relations at the height of the Thirty Years’ War.rom the very beginning of the edition “Nuncial reports from Germany” in the late nineteenth century, the publication of sources was extended beyond the century of Reformation to the time of the Thirty Years’ War. The fourth series, dedicated to the first half of the seventeenth century, was finished in 2016. There are six substantial volumes which document the core phase (around 1630) of the Thirty Years’ War with its decisive change to the disadvantage of the emperor, the Habsburgs and the Catholic faction of the Holy Roman Empire up to the intensive efforts to make peace, the Peace of Prague in 1635 and the concurrent European extension of the Thirty Years’ War with Sweden’s and France’s entry into the war in 1630/1635. With these volumes, a cohesive documentation of sources of European rank was achieved. 2018 marked the 400th anniversary of the outbreak of the war, thus it is worth looking at this edition as a prime collection of sources of European history, particularly of the Papal–Habsburg relations at the height of the Thirty Years’ War
Vienna, the Spanish Ambassador and the Nuncio: The 3rd Marquis of Aytona and the Fading Catholic Alliance (1624–1629)
No full textThe papacy and the Spanish Monarchy were, by the decade of 1620, the most global powers in Europe and their dynastic and confessional priorities led to changing clashes and alliances around the world. Local contexts were decisive: in Rome, the creation of the Congregation of Propaganda Fide challenged Spanish control over missionaries beyond Europe, while in Madrid the royal favourite Olivares attempted to establish a major Catholic alliance with France and the papacy against the Protestants. In Vienna, the conflict between papal and Spanish diplomats was hard to dissimulate after 1623. The arrival of a new ambassador –the 3rd Marquis of Aytona– supposedly closer to the papacy, should reverse this situation. This article explores the causes of the distancing between two intrinsic allies. It examines their competing tactics of negotiation and communicative devices to voice their positions at the Imperial court, especially in the polarizing context of the War of the Mantuan Succession.The papacy and the Spanish Monarchy were, by the decade of 1620, the most global powers in Europe and their dynastic and confessional priorities led to changing clashes and alliances around the world. Local contexts were decisive: in Rome, the creation of the Congregation of Propaganda Fide challenged Spanish control over missionaries beyond Europe, while in Madrid the royal favourite Olivares attempted to establish a major Catholic alliance with France and the papacy against the Protestants. In Vienna, the conflict between papal and Spanish diplomats was hard to dissimulate after 1623. The arrival of a new ambassador –the 3rd Marquis of Aytona– supposedly closer to the papacy, should reverse this situation. This article explores the causes of the distancing between two intrinsic allies. It examines their competing tactics of negotiation and communicative devices to voice their positions at the Imperial court, especially in the polarizing context of the War of the Mantuan Succession
HIERARCHY OF OPERATIONAL-ORGANIZATIONAL MEASURES IN RAILWAY PASSENGER TRANSPORT
No full textCharakteristickou črtou železničnej osobnej dopravy je jej vysoká prepravná kapacita. Predurčuje ju, aby vytvorila nosný dopravný systém. Základnou prekážkou je však kvalita dopravnej infraštruktúry, nakoľko v mnohých členských štátoch EÚ neexistujú vysokorýchlostné železničné trate. Cieľom príspevku je analyzovať základné problémy prevádzky a organizácie osobnej železničnej dopravy a navrhnúť opatrenia na zvýšenie jej efektívnosti, atraktívnosti, lepšieho obrazu v očiach verejnosti, ale najmä zvýšenie prepravných výkonov. Stanovením vhodných prevádzkových, organizačných a infraštruktúrnych parametrov sa zlepší konkurencieschopnosť železničnej dopravy.The characteristic feature of rail passenger transport is its high transport capacity. It predetermines the railway to create the key mode of transport. Main bottleneck is the transport infrastructure quality. There are no high-speed rail links in many European Union Member States. The aim of the contribution is to analyse the basic problems of the operation and organization of rail passenger transport and to propose measures for increasing its efficiency, attractiveness, better image in the eyes of the public, but especially the increase of transport performance. By setting the appropriate operational, organizational and infrastructure parameters, the competitiveness of rail transport will be enhanced
LONGITUDINAL PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION OF RWD VEHICLE
No full textThe longitudinal performance of a vehicle is the ability to achieve the highest longitudinal acceleration on the given road surface and tyres. The engine is capable of high torque delivery especially in low vehicle speed. A pre-emptive controller has been deployed to control the torque delivery where tyres are being used in their peak friction area
THE IMPACT OF INDUSTRY 4.0 ASPECTS ON LOGISTIC SERVICE PROVIDERS
No full textAt the time that vegins using the benefits of the fourth industrial revolution and automation, i tis not easy to keep the step on the labor market and i tis need to continuously adapt to a changing surrounding.It can be said, that the situation is more difficult in transport and logistics, that companies concern anotner current problems that are needed to expample: for high level of competition in the field of transport and logistics and least but not least problém is lack of labour. One of the most important elements in the company are its employees. The mos important employeees are in the field of transport and logistics when employees are the basic value of the service. Terefore in these papers I would like to focus on the current aspects of Industry 4.0 and their impact , in especially on the HR area in logistic companies
Political activity of widows as an example of shaping cliental dependencies in the second half of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
No full textWomen played a significant role in the social life of old Poland. Widows, protected by privilegesand secured with property ownership, had a solid influence on the formation of cliental ties. Their role took on a dual character in this process, since they acted as both guardians of their clients and supplicants appealing to their own patrons for protection in pursuing or settling important matters for themselves, their relatives or family. The second half of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries witnessed the ascent of a group of influential widows, who were eager to engage in state affairs, wanting to gain power and prestige for members of their family.Women played a significant role in the social life of old Poland. Widows, protected by privilegesand secured with property ownership, had a solid influence on the formation of cliental ties. Their role took on a dual character in this process, since they acted as both guardians of their clients and supplicants appealing to their own patrons for protection in pursuing or settling important matters for themselves, their relatives or family. The second half of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries witnessed the ascent of a group of influential widows, who were eager to engage in state affairs, wanting to gain power and prestige for members of their family
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