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Jana KONVIČNÁ – Martina MAŘÍKOVÁ (eds.), První v obci. Purkmistři, starostové a primátoři města Prahy 1784–1989, Documenta Pragensia Monographia, vol. 43, Praha, Archiv hlavního města Prahy a Masarykův ústav a Archiv AV ČR, v. v. i. 2023, 521 s. ISBN 978-
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Marek ĎURČANSKÝ, Dvojí obléhání Nymburka (1631 a 1634). Událost a paměť, České Budějovice, Bohumír Němec – Veduta 2023, 103 s. ISBN 978-80-88030-79-9.
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Mezinárodní vědecká konference The Rise of Wallenstein and the Re-Start of the Thirty Years’ War 1625, Praha, 19. dubna 2024.
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Mezinárodní vědecká konference Gender and Sexuality in Christian History, Riga, 3.–5. června 2024.
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Obraz matky v zrkadle korešpondencie Judity Balassovej v 2. polovici 17. storočia
No full textThe early modern society, usually considered to be patriarchal, determined precise roles for women, who were defined by requirements based mainly on their position in the private sphere. In their family, they assumed the roles of daughters, sisters, mothers, wives, widows, grandmothers, etc. This paper focuses on the role of the mother in early modern society by analysing the correspondence of the Koháry family. For this purpose, the epistolar communication between Judith Balassa (c. 1630–c. 1685), the widow of Stephen I. Koháry (1616–1664), and her eldest son Stephen II. Koháry (1649–1731) has been studied. The correspondence was written during two important periods in the life of the Koháry family. The first was during the studies of Stephen II. Koháry in Vienna after the death of his father in 1664, followed by his accession to the post of the captain-general of Fiľakovo, which he held until his capture by Imrich Thökoly in September 1682. The paper examines the manifestations of maternal care and the understanding of this role, as derived from the correspondence between mother and son, in the context of their early modern¨ conception.The early modern society, usually considered to be patriarchal, determined precise roles for women, who were defined by requirements based mainly on their position in the private sphere. In their family, they assumed the roles of daughters, sisters, mothers, wives, widows, grandmothers, etc. This paper focuses on the role of the mother in early modern society by analysing the correspondence of the Koháry family. For this purpose, the epistolar communication between Judith Balassa (c. 1630–c. 1685), the widow of Stephen I. Koháry (1616–1664), and her eldest son Stephen II. Koháry (1649–1731) has been studied. The correspondence was written during two important periods in the life of the Koháry family. The first was during the studies of Stephen II. Koháry in Vienna after the death of his father in 1664, followed by his accession to the post of the captain-general of Fiľakovo, which he held until his capture by Imrich Thökoly in September 1682. The paper examines the manifestations of maternal care and the understanding of this role, as derived from the correspondence between mother and son, in the context of their early modern¨ conception
A Pilot Randomized Crossover Study on Stress Responses in Paramedicine Students: Virtual Reality Versus Live Simulation
No full textIntroduction: Emergency Medical Workers frequently encounter high-stress situations, such as traffic accidents and sudden deaths, which can negatively affect their mental health. Building psychological resilience through training is essential, and recent methods like virtual reality (VR) gamification have been introduced to improve learning outcomes. Aim: This pilot randomized crossover study aims to compare the stress responses of thirdyear Paramedicine students during a severe traffic accident scenario using either a live actor simulation or a VR-based platform (XVR simulation). Methods: Ten third-year Paramedicine students were randomly assigned to start with either a live actor simulation or a virtual reality scenario using the XVR program. After completing the first scenario, participants underwent a 7 -10 day washout period before switching to the alternate scenario. Physiological stress markers, including salivary cortisol, testosterone, and heart rate variability (HRV), were measured before and after each scenario. Subjective stress was assessed using a ten-point visual analog scale (VAS). Results: No significant differences were observed in cortisol concentration changes (p = 0.576), testosterone levels (p = 0.878), or HRV (p = 0.156) between the virtual reality and live actor simulations. However, students perceived the live actor scenario as more stressful than the virtual reality simulation (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Both virtual reality and live simulations effectively recreate high-stress scenarios, but students reported higher stress during live actor simulations. These results indicate that VR could be a viable and cost-effective alternative for training Paramedicine students. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and assess the long-term impact of VR training on stress adaptationIntroduction: Emergency Medical Workers frequently encounter high-stress situations, such as traffic accidents and sudden deaths, which can negatively affect their mental health. Building psychological resilience through training is essential, and recent methods like virtual reality (VR) gamification have been introduced to improve learning outcomes.
Aim: This pilot randomized crossover study aims to compare the stress responses of third-year Paramedicine students during a severe traffic accident scenario using either a live actor simulation or a VR-based platform (XVR simulation).
Methods:Ten third-year Paramedicine students were randomly assigned to start with either a live actor simulation or a virtual reality scenario using the XVR program. After completing the first scenario, participants underwent a 7-10 day washout period before switching to the alternate scenario. Physiological stress markers, including salivary cortisol, testosterone, and heart rate variability (HRV), were measured before and after each scenario. Subjective stress was assessed using a ten-point visual analog scale (VAS).
Results: No significant differences were observed in cortisol concentration changes (p = 0.576), testosterone levels (p = 0.878), or HRV (p = 0.156) between the virtual reality and live actor simulations. However, students perceived the live actor scenario as more stressful than the virtual reality simulation (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Both virtual reality and live simulations effectively recreate high-stress scenarios, but students reported higher stress during live actor simulations. These results indicate that VR could be a viable and cost-effective alternative for training Paramedicine students. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and assess the long-term impact of VR training on stress adaptation
Secular Shakespeare: Robert Green Ingersoll in the Context of American Bardolatry
No full textAs American Literature began to depart from European models in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Shakespeare came to be venerated with increasing enthusiasm, and was often regarded in quasi-religious terms, even as other British writers fell out of favor. This “Bardolatry” culminated in the late nineteenth century with the critical and appreciative writings of Robert Green Ingersoll, who was both the most prolific writer on Shakespeare and the most celebrated atheist and secularist of his age. Ingersoll’s appropriation of Shakespeare, as both a sceptic whose political and religious opinions reflected his own and an object of religious veneration to resemble and challenge the figure of Christ, exercised a strong influence on later writers, both popular and academic. This influence shaped the way in which Shakespeare is now widely regarded in America as the one indispensable secular writer and the center of a world canon
White Emotion and White Scopophilia: The Myth of Docile and Brute Blacks
No full textThis article investigates the resilience of the docility and brutality myths attributed to African Americans as demonstrated by three fairly recent film renditions. The focus is on the historical origins and the continued relevance of these tropes through white scopophilia and cognitive dissonance. The myths are analyzed in terms of their role in justifying racial hierarchies and reinforcing white supremacy within historical and contemporary contexts. Through a critical examination of historical texts by Lerone Bennett Jr. and portrayals in films such as Django Unchained and Twelve Years a Slave, the study demonstrates how these stereotypes are alternately emphasized or diminished to maintain white dominance. It argues that white America constructs African American identities with a strategic oscillation between docility and brutality to sustain control and alleviate white guilt. This manipulation is facilitated by psychological mechanisms that allow white individuals to hold contradictory beliefs about race without recognizing their inconsistencies. By detailing the dynamic usage of these myths, the article highlights how they are not static, but are strategically deployed to reaffirm white moral and authoritative supremacy as needed. The conclusion calls for a critical reassessment of racial representations in media and historical narratives to disrupt these enduring racial myths
Correspondence of the Bishops of Olomouc with the serf towns through the example of the Hukvaldy and Keleč manors
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This article deals with the communication between the bishops of Olomouc Stanislav Thurzo, Jan Dubravius, and Marek Khuen and the bishop’s towns located in the Hukvaldy and Kelč manors. The correspondence was recorded on sheets written down in the chancery of the Bishop of Olomouc which were copied and compiled into the episcopal record book. The article is primarily based on working with this type of source.
 
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