JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND ALLIED RESEARCH
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EFFECT OF EDUCATION AND MEMBERSHIP OF FARMER-BASED ORGANISATIONS ON COMMERCIALIZATION OF PADDY RICE: A GUIDE FOR PUBLIC AGRICULTURAL POLICIES IN NIGERIA
Full text linkRice commercialization is the deliberate action on the part of rice farmers to use factors of production in a way that a greater volume of rice produced is exchanged for sale. This study examined the effect of education and membership of farmer-based organizations (FBOs) on rice commercialization in Gwagwalada Area Council, Federal Capital Territory. Cross sectional data collected from 140 rice farmers were used for this study. The data were collected from 140 rice farmers through multistage sampling technique. The data were analysed using commercialization index and Beta model. The result of the commercialisation index indicates that majority of the farmers highly commercialised rice. The result of the Beta model analysis shows that age of the farmers, education level of the rice farmers, farm size, literacy ratio, household size and membership of farmer-based organisations were important variables that were significant with policy implications. On the results of the constraints militating against rice commercialization in the study area, lack of/ adequate credit for rice production, high cost of fertilizer, and lack of or inadequate proper storage facilities were identified as very serious constraints in the study area. The study recommends that younger farmers should be encouraged to cultivate and commercialize rice and, Governments should take seriously the literacy programmes to address agricultural commercialization literacy, and make education programmes that is geared towards agribusiness development to be much more marketing oriented rather than the general secular education. Governments and development partners should encourage formation and establishment of farm-based organizations to enhance agricultural commercialisation in Nigeria. Credit facilities more accessible to rice farmers, and there is also need to train rice farmers more in rice commercialization
HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT, INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY, AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT PER CAPITA: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA
Full text linkThis study examines the impact of human capital development, proxied by government expenditures on education and health, and institutional quality on GDP per capita, a common proxy for poverty, in Nigeria for the period, 1989 to 2022. The study utilised secondary data sourced from the World Bank, Central Bank of Nigeria and the National Bureau of Statistics. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) was employed with result showing a positive significant effect of Government Expenditure on Education on GDP per capita whereas Government Expenditure on Health brought about a significant negative effect during the years of the study. Further findings showed institutional quality demonstrating a negative and significant effect on GDP per capita. The study recommended significantly larger government spending on education and health while necessary systemic government policies be implemented to boost Nigeria’s institutional quality significantly
WHAT DRIVES THE MARKET PARTICIPATION DYNAMICS OF SMALL-SCALE RICE FARMERS IN SOUTHEAST NIGERIA?
Full text linkSmallholders’ difficulty in gaining a significant market share can be attributed to poor market orientation and participation decisions. This highlights the importance of understanding market dynamics, including key push and pull factors, which are essential for successful commercialization, the advancement of rural livelihoods, and the strengthening of the local economy. This study explored the market participation dynamics of rice farming households, estimated the market participation index, and identified the key drivers influencing rice market participation. A mixed-methods design was adopted in the study. Primary data were collected from 288 randomly selected smallholder rice farmers using a semi-structured questionnaire, supplemented by a focus group discussion. The collected data were analyzed using a market participation index and Heckman's two-stage model. The market participation result of 73% indicated that the farmers were semi-commercialized. Agricultural extension access (1.543), farm size (2.450), rice yield (0.005), market orientation (8.074), the cost of rice seed (-0.001), and distance to market (-0.074) influenced the decision to engage in the market. Similarly, the intensity of market participation was influenced positively by education (2.359), access to extension (30.378), rice yield (0.759), farm income (0.002), and market orientation (86204.8), while the price of output (-0.006) and ownership of transport facilities (39.551) had a negative effect. Access to agricultural extension services ranks among the critical factors driving smallholder rice commercialization in Nigeria. Therefore, to accelerate smallholder commercialization, boost household welfare, and develop the rural economy, there is an urgent need to strengthen agricultural extension services through the integration of market-oriented training, which will enhance the capacity of small-scale farmers to make informed, timely, and strategic market decisions
ACTUARIAL MODELING OF MORTALITY IN NIGERIA: PROJECTIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR TERM-LIFE ANNUITIES
Full text linkThis study investigates the actuarial modeling of mortality in Nigeria, leveraging data from the World Health Organization's Abridged Life Table for the years 2000 to 2019. Given the critical role mortality projections play in the financial stability of insurance and pension industries, this research explores the Expected Present Value (EPV) of term-life annuities due under varying conditions. Missing data were addressed using linear interpolation, while projections for 2020 to 2024 employed double exponential smoothing. The analysis considers demographic characteristics such as gender and age, focusing on four policyholder age groups (15, 40, 60, and 80 years) across a five-year term. Results reveal declining mortality rates over time, with females consistently exhibiting lower probabilities of death than males. The EPV of annuities shows notable variations based on age, gender, and term duration, underscoring the importance of accurate demographic-specific mortality data for actuarial applications. This research provides actionable insights for the insurance industry and policymakers to address longevity risks and design equitable financial products tailored to Nigeria's demographic realities
EFFECT OF HOUSEHOLD POVERTY ON WOODFUEL CONSUMPTION IN SUB SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES: EVIDENCE FROM SYSTEM GMM MODEL
Full text linkThis study aims to investigate the effect of household poverty on woodfuel consumption in Sub-Saharan African countries by using a panel data set of 43 countries spanning from 2011 to 2019. Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) was employed to analyze the data. The finding of the study reveals a strong positive association between household poverty and woodfuel consumption, with a 1% increase in household poverty increasing woodfuel consumption by 65.1%. The study further reveals that clean fuel and technology, dependency ratio, and female labor participation were significant determinants of woodfuel consumption in Sub-Saharan African countries. These findings have significant implications for the health and economic well-being of the region's population. Sub-Saharan African governments, non-governmental organizations, donor agencies, and foundations are urged to make clean cooking energy, such as electricity, gas, and solar, more readily available and affordable to households, easing the transition from wood fuel to cleaner fuels
MODERATING ROLE OF EXTERNAL FACTORS ON PROJECT FINANCING REQUIREMENTS AND PROJECT DELIVERY DELAY IN THE NIGERIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Full text linkThe devastating impact of construction project delivery delays is felt worldwide, with estimated losses running into trillions of dollars annually. As the global demand for infrastructure and construction projects continues to rise, understanding the factors that influence project outcomes is crucial. As such, this study investigated the moderating role of external factors on the relationship between project financing requirements and project delivery delay in the Nigerian construction industry. A survey research design was employed, which collected primary data from 423 construction project stakeholders in Kaduna State and analyzed it using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings of the study revealed that the external factors and project financing requirements exacerbate construction project delivery delays. Furthermore, the study’s external factors were found to moderate the relationship between project financing requirements and project delivery delay by increasing investor or financier’s confidence through reduced volatilities and risk resulting from adequate project planning, illegal development control, proactive risk management and stable regulatory environment. The research recommends that project stakeholders need to reduce or eliminate volatilities and risk caused by the study’s external factors to get favourable financing requirements and expedited project delivery. Policy implications suggested that to foster resilient project delivery with minimal delays, the Nigerian government through the relevant ministries, departments and agencies, should establish a policy framework that takes care of external factors and balances project financing requirements, including affordable collateral and borrowing costs, while encouraging project owners and financial institutions to properly plan projects and adopt proactive risk management strategies that mitigate the impact of the external factors. The study concludes with recommendations for further research on innovative financing models like green bonds or pension funds, and exploring the effectiveness of digital technologies such as building information modelling and blockchain technology in enhancing project planning, financing and delivery
TECH HUBS AND URBAN TRANSFORMATION: THE CASE OF YABA AS A TECHNOLOGY HUB
Full text linkThis paper investigates the relationship between the emergence of Yaba as a prominent technology hub and the patterns of urban transformation it has engendered in Lagos, Nigeria. By employing a mixed-methods approach that combines qualitative and quantitative research, the study examines the analysis of spatial dynamics, and identifies the mechanisms driving urban change in Yaba. The findings reveal significant demographic shifts, changes in land use, and evolving community identities as a result of technological growth. Furthermore, the research highlights the implications of these transformations for urban planning and community development, emphasizing the need for inclusive strategies that address issues such as displacement and housing affordability. This study contributes to the existing literature on urban transformation in the Global South and provides practical recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders to foster sustainable urban growth in technology-driven environments
SERVICOM AND PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY IN ENUGU STATE: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
Full text linkEfficient public service delivery remains a critical challenge for governments, necessitating proactive institutional frameworks to stimulate workforce performance. This study examines the effect of the Service Compact (SERVICOM) on service delivery within Enugu State’s public sector, with a focus on ministries, departments, and agencies (MDAs). Goal\s Theory provides the theoretical framework, while the study adopts a mixed-methods approach; integrating quantitative surveys and qualitative content analysis to examine SERVICOM’s influence on public service delivery in Enugu State. Findings reveal that while SERVICOM principles improve efficiency, key challenges such as poor remuneration, corruption, and political interference hinder full implementation. Multiple regression analysis confirms that SERVICOM significantly influences service delivery (p = 0.000). The paper recommends enhanced workers welfare, anti-corruption measures, and strict accountability enforcement to optimize SERVICOM’s effectiveness on the public service. The study underscores the need for strategic interventions to address these barriers and sustain the impact of SERVICOM initiatives