JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND ALLIED RESEARCH
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UNEMPLOYMENT CRISIS AND GOVERNMENT POLICY RESPONSE: A STUDY OF N-POWER PROGRAMME
Get PDFThe aim of the study is to identify the implications of unemployment crisis to youths’ empowerment in Nigeria, find out the extent to which government employment policy response through N-Power Programme has reduced unemployment in the country and to suggest other ways of strengthening N power programme as well as creating employment in the country. The study was conducted in three states of Nigeria namely Edo, Lagos and Kogi States. A total of 510 participants and beneficiaries of N-power programme from batch A-C were purposively selected to take part in the research. Descriptive statistical research tools such as frequency, table and percentage were used to analyze the data collected. Hypotheses were tested using Chi- Square. Findings of the study revealed that unemployment crisis in the country hinders youths’ empowerments in Nigeria as the trend makes youths to engage in all forms of social vices in order to make a living. Government employment policy response through N-Power Programme helped Nigerian youths who are beneficiaries to improve their standard of living by empowering them to make investment. Despite the success of the programme, it did not reduce unemployment rate in the country. The study recommended that government should recruit more unemployed graduates in the N-power programm
GENDER, INEQUALITY, POVERTY, SOCIAL INCLUSION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study explores the intricate nexus between gender, inequality, poverty, social inclusion, and economic growth in Nigeria, seeking to unravel the complex interdependencies that shape the nation's socio-economic landscape. Against the backdrop of Nigeria's rich history and cultural diversity, this research addresses the persistent challenges that impede inclusive development. Despite marked economic growth, Nigeria faces enduring gender disparities, economic inequalities, and high levels of poverty. This study examines the nature of the nexus and the ways in which gender, inequality, poverty, social inclusion, and economic growth interact, influencing development outcomes. A comprehensive review of historical literature, policy documents, and statistical data forms the foundation of this study. Qualitative analyses are employed to dissect gender roles, economic patterns, social inclusion dynamics, and their impact on poverty and economic growth. Findings of the study revealed that historical legacies and cultural norms contribute to persistent gender disparities, limiting women's access to education, employment, and political participation; Nigeria grapples with high levels of poverty, exacerbated by insufficient access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities; Ethnic and religious factors shape social inclusion challenges, impacting the ability of certain groups to participate fully in economic and social activities. Based on these findings, the recommended a holistic approach, encompassing legislative reforms, targeted poverty alleviation programs, and strategies to promote social inclusio
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS AND PREVALENCE OF MALARIA IN SELECTED URBAN AND RURAL AREAS OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study employed a descriptive survey research design with a quantitative approach to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic status and the prevalence of malaria in designated urban and rural areas of Kogi State, Nigeria. The research utilized a randomly selected population, employing questionnaires for data collection. Data analysis involved simple tabulation, percentages, frequency distribution, and binary logistic regression. The results indicated that higher education is associated with a decrease in malaria prevalence, suggesting the importance of educational initiatives. However, certain occupations, particularly farming, are linked to increased malaria risk, necessitating occupational health and safety measures. Additionally, higher income levels are associated with increased malaria prevalence, highlighting the need for policies addressing healthcare access for lower-income individuals. The study recommends promoting higher education, targeted awareness campaigns, occupational health measures for farmers, and policies improving healthcare access and income diversification to mitigate malaria prevalence in Kogi State, among others were proffere
MODELLING OF TRIP GENERATION IN FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, ABUJA (FCTA): INFLUENCE OF RESIDENTS SOCIOECONOMIC FEATURES ON TRIPS MAKING
Get PDFThe goal of this study is to model the numbers of trip generated in FCT, Abuja using socioeconomic characteristics of inhabitants to determine trip making. The authors utilized a correlational research design to evaluate the association between the number of trips made per day and socioeconomic characteristics (such as age, gender, marital status, monthly income, education, occupation, and the number of cars owned). The authors purposefully administered1500 surveys to Abuja residents using simple random approaches. The collected data was analyzed with frequency and percentages. While the numbers of trips per day was modelled with multiple linear regression. The findings reveals that 33.9% of the residents of Abuja make 6-7 trips per day. In addition to the findings, the socioeconomic characteristics stated above were a good predictor of the number of trips made per day by Abuja residents. The study concluded that since there is higher proportion of private car on FCT, Abuja’s Road compares to the public transport this may results to serious traffic challenge in the future. The study recommends that the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) through the ministry of transport should resurrect the abandoned light rail project in Abuja and ensure that the metro lines are effectively connected, which will minimize the number of private cars on Abuja's roads
FISCAL POLICY- QUALITY OF LIFE NEXUS: DOES INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT MATTER?
Get PDFThe study examines the impact of government expenditure on quality of life in Nigeria for the period of 1980 to 2022 using annual data from the World Development Indicators (WDI, 2022) of the World Bank. National Bureau of statistics (NBS, 2022) and Central Bank of Nigerian statistical bulletin (2022). Autoregressive Distributive Lag Model (ARDL) and the Toda-Yamamoto causality test were employed for the analysis. In the long run, all the variables are statistically significant except for corruption and gross domestic product. In the short run, all the variables are statistically significant and well signed, except for the quality of environment which is negatively related to the quality of life in Nigeria. The causality test shows a uni-directional causality between government expenditure and the quality of life in Nigeria while a bi-directional causality was running from quality of life and government expenditure in Nigeria. the study therefore recommends that government is encourage to exhibit fiscal discipline and be guided by fiscal rule by channeling more resources to areas affected to prevent further environmental degradation in Nigeria. the study recommends that government in Nigeria should try to meet up with the United Nations required budget allocation on education sector in order to increase more investments in education can also improve on the funding of existing educational institutions and this will bring out more quality graduates, this ton a large extent will improve the quality of life of the people in retur
ESTIMATING ECONOMIC WELFARE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: THE IMPACT OF TAX POLICY AND GOVERNANCE
Get PDFSub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has demonstrated slow progress in enhancing sustainable economic welfare evidenced by growing economic inequalities and disparities. This raises concerns regarding the efficacy of existing economic strategies and governance frameworks. Furthermore, there is a paucity of literature on the role of governance [GOV] in understanding the nexus between tax policy and economic welfare. We employed an ex-post facto research design. Based on data availability from 1996 to 2022, 36 SSA countries were considered in the study. Data was obtained from World Development Indicators (2022) and World Governance Indicators (2022). Data were analysed using the System-Generalized Method of Moments (SGMM). The Pedroni test for cointegration was used to capture the long-term relationships among the variables. The study concluded that tax policy and governance affected economic welfare in SSA. By enhancing households' ability to consume, these policies can alleviate poverty, and reduce inequality, we therefore recommend that tax revenue be used to fund social welfare programs or tax credits targeted at lower-income individuals. This income redistribution can lead to increased spending among lower-income households with a greater inclination towards consumption, and improve overall welfare outcomes
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT ON AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT IN NIGERIA: THE MODERATING ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY
Get PDFThis study investigates the nexus between financial development, agricultural output, and institutional quality in Nigeria using annual time series data from 1990 to 2022. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and Toda-Yamamoto's (1995) non-causality approach are employed to assess the moderating influence of institutional quality on the relationship between financial development and agricultural output. The long-run findings reveal that financial development, institutional quality, and lending interest rates exert a positive and significant impact on agricultural output, while human development has a negative and significant impact. Conversely, the short-run results indicate that financial development and human development positively and significantly influence agricultural output, whereas lending interest rates negatively and significantly impact agricultural output. Based on these findings, the study recommends that policymakers enact measures to promote financial development, enhance institutional quality, and reduce interest rates to stimulate agricultural growth. Additionally, strengthening institutional quality is crucial to ensure that the benefits of financial development reach smallholder farmers, who play a pivotal role in Nigeria's agricultural sector. This study contributes to the literature by examining the moderating role of institutional quality in the relationship between financial development and agricultural output in Nigeria
INSTITUTIONS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES (ECOWAS)
Get PDFThis study employed panel data estimation techniques to investigate the effect of institution on economic growth in 15 ECOWAS countries from 2000 to 2022. The study used the Levin, Lin, and Chu tests and the Im, Pesaran, and Shin tests to confirm the stationarity of the variables, where RGDP per capita is integrated of order I(1) and other institutional variables such as control of corruption, rule of law, government effectiveness, political stability, regulatory quality, voice, and accountability were integrated into order I(0). The study also used the Johansen Fisher co-integration test, which shows co-integration of the variables, and the Hausman test, which was carried out and suggested the use of a fixed effect model to be convenient for estimation. The results of the findings revealed that control of corruption and regulatory quality are insignificant to economic growth in West Africa, while rule of law, voice, and accountability have a positive and significant relationship, and political stability and government effectiveness have a negative and significant relationship to economic growth in West Africa. The study concluded and recommended that good institutions in West Africa will improve economic growth, with more emphasis on political stability and government effectiveness
IMPACT OF RISK ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED INSURANCE FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study examined risk and financial performance of listed insurance firms in Nigeria for the period of ten years from 2011-2020. The population of the study consists of 22 insurance firms listed on the floor of Nigerian Stock Exchange as at 31st December 2020. Secondary data was extracted from the audited financial reports of the sampled insurance firms. The data was analyzed using the regression model. The study findings revealed that underwriting risk is negatively and significantly influencing the financial performance of listed insurance firms in Nigeria. Conversely, liquidity risk revealed a statistical negative and insignificant impact on financial performance. The study concluded that underwriting risk has a strong relationship with the financial performance of the listed insurance firms for the period. Following this, the study recommends that insurance firms should continually develop and implement risk management policies and strategies that will help reduce their risk profile in order to improve their financial performance
EFFECTS OF MONETARY AND FISCAL POLICY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS
Get PDFMonetary and fiscal policy instruments administered by the CBN and Federal government, respectively, hold significant influence over crucial the Nigerian economy. The study examined the effects of monetary and fiscal policy on economic growth in Nigeria from 1986 to 2020. Stationarity tests were conducted using the Augmented Dickey Fuller test and the Phillips perron test. As the variables showed mixed integration order, the ARDL Bounds Co-integration test checked for long-run relationships among the variables. The Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) was employed to estimate the model. The findings revealed both short run and long relationship between monetary and fiscal policy variables on economic growth in Nigeria. Majorly, government revenue has a negative effect on economic growth while expenditure boosts the economy in the short and long run. External debt slows down the economy in the long run, usually due to debt financing. Interest rate was positively associated with economic growth, but money supply tends to hurt the economy. The study recommends that the CBN and the federal government should collaborate more closely and synchronize their policy objectives. Second, the Budget Office of the Federation (BOF) and the Ministry of Finance should ensure that more funds are directed towards capital projects and social infrastructure. Already, external debts slow down the economy as observed in the results of this study. The Debt Management Office (DMO) should explore sustainable debt management strategies that will drive the implication that the extra funds used to service unnecessary debts are used for more productive economic activities