Publications of the Indonesian Scholars' Alliance
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Association of rs9939609 FTO Gene Polymorphism as a Risk Factor of Obesity in Adults
Full text linkBackground: The cause of obesity is an imbalance between the number of calories taken and the amount burned. Obesity is a complex disease. The FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism is one of the genetic factors that contribute to obesity in addition to environmental factors. Numerous researches have suggested a connection between the prevalence of obesity and the FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism
Aims: The purpose of this study is to ascertain how the FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism relates to the prevalence of adult obesity.
Methods: At the Biomolecular and Genetics Laboratory of the UGJ Faculty of Medicine, an analytical observational study using a case-control design was carried out with 84 participants, 42 subjects in case group, and 42 subjects in control groups. Data were collected utilizing DNA from blood collection, PCR-RFLP for genotyping, and 2.5% electrophoretic gel for visualization. Chi-square was used for data analysis.
Results: Findings showed that there is no link between the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism and the prevalence of obesity (p>0.05, OR=0.710).
Conclusion: In the Indonesian population, the FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism is not associated with an increased risk of obesity
Children are Losing Lives in the Name of Culture: The Health Impacts of Initiation Schools in South Africa
Full text linkBackground: On an annual basis, young boys lose their lives due to circumcisions performed at initiation schools across South Africa. Some of the initiates lose their manhood as a result of amputations and all these acts are done in the name of culture. Over the last few years, there have been more media reports in South Africa about improper traditional circumcisions coupled with poor health outcomes causing deaths of children admitted at initiation schools.
Aims: This article explores the health impacts of traditional initiation schools in South Africa.
Methods: This review followed desktop approach through utilization of secondary data. Systematic quantitative review technique was used to collect data. To get a better understanding of the context under investigation, desktop analysis was employed using the five steps of the data analysis process.
Results: The themes identified in this study include challenges associated with the practice in relation to children's rights, ethical conflicts between traditional initiation practices and public health, commercialization of initiation schools, and complications associated with circumcision at initiation schools.
Conclusion: There is insufficient enforcement of the laws and a lack of public knowledge regarding the impact of initiation on children. Even though South Africa's national and local governments have made significant attempts to control the initiation practices and uphold children's rights, significant law enforcement is still required to shield children from unsafe cultural customs. In addition to the ineffective execution of existing rules and regulations, the traditional initiation sector is burdened by a lack of direct, continuous, and efficient supervision of the operations of initiation schools.
Received: 7 February 2024, Reviewed: 11 March 2024, Revised: 29 March 2024, Accepted: 16 April 2024
Nationalism on Social Media: The impacts of comments on ASEAN Football Pages on mental health
Full text linkBackground: As a modern communication medium, Facebook provides a new place to people who live far apart to interact and discuss on the same topic, such as football. This research examines how the nationalism is generated through Facebook. From the perspective of social realities, Facebook is observed as a channel of communication utilized by football lovers. However, communication through Facebook also causes conflicts among its users.
Aims: This study aims to investigate how nationalism is expressed through communication on Facebook and how conflicts affect mental health but can also build and perpetuate a sense of nationalism and strengthen group identities.
Methods: To achieve the objectives, content analysis is used to examine the manifestation with regard to the context of generating a spirit of nationalism through the communication interaction process of Facebook users. Data collection in this study was conducted through ASEAN football page on Facebook. Posts, images and comments left under the related posts were then selected when they are regarding only the spirit of nationalism.
Results: Results show that Facebook is not only a social medium but also, a means of generating nationalism through conversations. As nationalism is expressed both in a positive and negative way on ASEAN football page, it, of course, leads to conflicts because of the differences in the orientation of values and interest when the conflicting sides hold different background.
Conclusion: By exploring how nationalism is expressed through Facebook comments on ASEAN football page, the research provides insights into how digital platforms shape and amplify nationalistic sentiments. This understanding is crucial in an era where social media plays a significant role in public discourse and it also highlights the mental health impacts of online nationalistic comments. This is significant for developing strategies to address and mitigate the negative psychological effects that such interactions can have on individuals.
Received: 31 July 2024, Reviewed: 4 August 2024, Revised: 22 August 2024, Accepted: 24 August 2024
Mothers’ parenting patterns on stunting cases in toddlers: A case from Cirebon Health Center, West Java, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: A recent survey conducted in 2021 noted a high stunting incident was found in Cirebon, West Java of Indonesia, reached to 30.6%, even higher compare to the provincial rate (24.5%). It has been known that parenting patterns and nutritional status are greatly influenced by the mother's understanding of managing health and nutrition for their baby in order to lower the stunting case.
Aims: This study is to analyze the association between mother's parenting patterns and stunting in toddlers age 24-48 month in Cirebon Municipality.
Methods: A total of 68 mothers have been selected using the consecutive sampling from a health facility in Cirebon City, Indonesia. This research uses survey and descriptive methods with a quantitative approach to examine the impact of mother's parenting patterns on stunting incidence in toddlers aged 24-48 months. This research also uses secondary data in the form of KIA (Mother and Child Health) records to identify the stunting cases among the respondents. Statistical analysis was employed to find how significant the variables affecting to the others.
Results: From the questionnaire, it was found that the majority of participants were mothers aged 26-35 years old, and only graduated from high school or lower, and most of them were not working mothers. The stunting incidence found in this health center reached to 58.8 %. While only 36.8% of mothers exhibits well parenting pattern, the majority may show sufficient level (52.9%). Even only 10.3% of respondents correspond with low parenting pattern, however all of them found with stunting incidence. From statistical analysis, it is noted that mothers’ parenting pattern significantly affecting stunting cases in toddlers (p value = 0.001).
Conclusion: This recent study concludes that parenting pattern significantly contributes to the number of stunting cases in toddler aged 24-48 months. The statistical analysis found mothers with well parenting pattern lower chance of having a stunted child. The data highlights the importance of knowledge and attitude will benefit in reducing the total number of stunted children in Cirebon city, Indonesia.
Keywords: Parenting pattern; Stunting; Mothers; Toddlers; Indonesia.
Received: 09 November 2023, Reviewed: 19 November 2023, Revised: 06 January 2024, Accepted: 03 June 2024
How to engage Children and Families as Part of Multidisciplinary Health Promotion Teams
Full text linkHealth promotion is the process we employ as health care providers and policy makers to enable people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. Effective health promotion includes several major components, and while policies must be made to promote health, much can be also done by small multidisciplinary teams working with local communities. Importantly such teams are most effective where they include members of the target audience for the health promotion initiative. Consequently where the health of mothers and children is the priority, to engage the target audience effectively, parents and family members including children should contribute as members of the team.
Worldwide, education of girls is known to generate multiple health and economic benefits; measures to counter misinformation and use of education programs such as the WHO health promotion model to provide knowledge accompanied by practical health-related skills are of proven value.
Effective teams incorporate cultural traits and gender equity into strategies that build resilience and self-regulatory efficacy over social determinants of health. Strategies that help individuals and communities to advance towards the UN sustainable development goals have obvious merit.
Health knowledge can be conveyed readily, for example in relation to childhood vaccination, but achieving changes in values, attitudes, and health habits requires effort and innovation by multidisciplinary teams that work synergistically to promote health in an innovative and inclusive manner. The more this is done, the greater the beneficial changes we are likely to achieve
Determinants of Fish Consumption in East Kalimantan, Indonesia: Health Knowledge, Socio-Economic Factors, and Sustainable Fishing and Culturing Practices
Full text linkBackground: Fish consumption preferences vary among communities. The issue of fish consumption achievement of East Kalimantan residents which has decreased compared to 2019 has encouraged the government to intensify programs, especially considering socio-economic factors for liking to consume fish. In this study, the issue of fish consumption is also associated with the residents’ knowledge of the benefits of fish nutritional content for health.
Aims: This recent study aims to investigate the appreciation of East Kalimantan residents for the health of fish consumption benefits and to analyze factors which influence the fish consumption of East Kalimantan residents.
Methods: Data collection was done through a questionnaire completed by 160 people in 10 regency and city sites in East Kalimantan with purposive random sampling method during January to March 2024. Also employing Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) is in data analysis.
Results: Most of East Kalimantan residents (85%) appreciate the benefits of fish consumption for their health, even though there are still residents (15%) who lack information and knowledge about its benefits. The residents’ understanding and knowledge cover fish as a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, high-quality protein, and related with reducing risk of heart disease, stroke, and certain types of cancer. The most residents (90%) approve that the fish protein content is of high quality of protein and vitamins-mineral. In the analysis, all variables that build this model have amounting to 82% (R2) affected into fish consumption residents. Partially, age, income, fish price, ethnic, education, and fish substitute variables significantly influence the fish consumption of East Kalimantan residents at p<0.05. Except, the status at the family variable, it has not influence partially to fish consumption of residents.
Conclusion: Residents who understand and know of fish consumption benefit for health are high. The research findings indicate that various variables (age (X1), income (X2), fish price (X3), ethnic (D2), education (D3), and fish substitute (D4) variables) significantly influence the fish consumption of East Kalimantan residents. Hence, to stimulate awareness of fish consumption, the government has to support the residents through more measurable programs for the increase of fish consumption such as socializing the benefit of fish consumption for health and fish eating program.
Received: 12 July 2024, Reviewed: 22 July 2024, Revised: 23 August 2024, Accepted: 26 August 2024
Identification of Bacteria on Classroom Air Conditioner at Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Air conditioner became a significant factor in indoor air quality. Poorly maintained Air Conditioners can become breeding grounds for bacteria, leading to health problems and symptoms of Sick Building Syndrome, such as headaches, loss of concentration, dry throat, eye and skin irritation, and acute respiratory infections.
Aims: Identify bacteria types and count bacterial colonies on Air Conditioning units in the classrooms of buildings A and B at Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia.
Methods: Cross-sectional study using 16 air conditioner samples from lecture rooms at Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati. Direct swabs were taken from the air conditioner filters using cotton swabs, which were then identified using McConkey, Blood Agar, and Nutrient Agar media to count bacterial colonies followed by confirmatory bacterial tests using Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA) and Indol, Methyl red, Vogues proskauer, Simmon Citrate (IMVIC) media.
Results: Bacterial growth identification tests identified Bacillus sp., Micrococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Coryneform/Diptheroid, Enterobacter sp., and Stenotrophomonas sp.. Highest colony count was 402 CFU/cm³ and lowest was 16 CFU/cm³.
Conclusion: Bacterial identification on classroom the Air Conditioner revealed that the microbial community in the system was predominantly composed of Gram-positive strains, which were detected more frequently than Gram-negative strains.
Received: 24 September 2024 | Reviewed: 02 November 2024 |
Revised: 30 November 2024 | Accepted: 15 December 2024
Correlation between Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Endurance of the Employees in Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Cardiovascular endurance refers to a person's ability to perform activities involving the entire body at moderate to high intensity over extended periods. Cardiovascular endurance is influenced by several factors, such as physical activity. Moderate to high-intensity physical activity trains the body to exchange oxygen more efficiently and results in enhancing cardiovascular endurance. Other factors that could contribute in cardiovascular endurance are smoking and Body Mass Index (BMI).
Aims: To find the correlation between physical activity, BMI, smoking, and cardiovascular endurance among employees of Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia.
Methods: It was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach that used the GPAQ physical activity questionnaire and cardiovascular endurance data that was obtained through the Harvard Step Test involving 77 educational staff employees at Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati. The analytical statistics used was Spearman’s correlation test with a significance value of p = <0.05.
Results: Most of the Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati employee’s had moderate level of physical activity (44.2%) and very low cardiovascular endurance (37.7%). The analytical statistic showed a significant correlation between physical activity and cardiovascular endurance with a p-value of 0.034 and a Spearman's r of 0.242. Smoking has significant correlation with cardiovascular endurance with p value of 0.003 and Spearman’s r of 0.338. BMI showed negative and weak correlation with cardiovascular endurance with p value 0.008 and Spearman’s r -0.302.
Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between physical activity and cardiovascular endurance among the employees of Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 26 October 2024 |
Revised: 17 November 2024 | Accepted: 30 November 2024
Reviewer Acknowledgements for the Special Edition at Global Health Management Journal: The 1st Special Edition of Cirebon International Health Symposium
Full text linkOf more than 100 papers selected by the internal committees of the 1st Cirebon International Health Symposium, organized by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, there are 24 papers will be featured in the 1st Special Edition of the Symposium, and published in GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal), Vol. 7, No.4, 2024 of the journal.
GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) wishes to acknowledge the following scholars and professionals for their invaluable support in reviewing the manuscripts for this issue. Their dedication and expertise have been instrumental in upholding the journal's quality, and we deeply appreciate the contributions.
The papers published in this Special Edition have been double-blind peer-reviewed by the Editorial Board of Global Health Management Journal, and the internal or external reviewer.
Editor-in-chief
Prof. Andrew John Macnab
Managing Editor
Doni Marisi Sinaga, M.Sc.
Internal Reviewers from Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Indonesia
Donny Nauphar, M.Si.Med
Uswatun Khasanah, M.Pd., MKM.
Ahmad Fariz Malvi Zamzam Zein, Sp.PD, FINASIM, MM, FACP
Ariestya Indah Permata Sari, Ph.D
Bambang Wibisono, MH
Tiar M. Pratamawati, MM, M.Biomed
Tissa Octavira Permatasari, M.MedEd
Witri Pratiwi, M.Kes.
Vivi Meidianawaty, M.MedEd
External Reviewers
Antarini, M.Kes. (Pangkalpinang Health Polytechnic, Indonesia)
Ratih Yulistika Utami, MMedEd (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera, Indonesia)
Bayu Mitra Adhyatma Kusuma M.AP., M.Pol.Sc. (National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan)
Nethnapa Vongskan, PhD. (Shinnawatra University, Thailand)
Supim Wongtongtair, Ph.D. (Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand)
Sarah Jane Lubaton Racal, Ph.D. (Christian University of Thailand)
Sunna Vyatra Hutagalung, Ph.D. (Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia)
GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please register at our website and indicate as Reviewer.
Benefits of Joining:* Your name will be listed in the journal as a Reviewer for each edition you contribute to.* You will be invited to join the Editorial Board for future editions, offering further opportunities for professional development.* As a special privilege, reviewers will have the chance to publish Editorial Papers with us free of charge.
Published: 21 November 202
Effectiveness of Mango Gedong Gincu Peel Extract Gel (Mangifera indica L.) on Cut Wounds in Male Wistar White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Full text linkBackground: A wound is an injury to a part of the body where the skin and the underlying tissue lose continuity. The wound healing is a complex process consisting inflammatory phase, proliferation phase, and maturation phase. Open wounds often occur in everyday life and if left behind and untreated can potentially lead to bacterial infection. Mango gedong gincu peel extract (Mangifera indica L.) contains flavonoids, tannins, phenols, triterpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, and saponins which have roles in wound healing.
Aims: To analyses the effectiveness of mango gedong gincu peel extract gel (Mangifera indica L.) against the healing of cut wounds in male wistar white rats (Rattus norvegicus).
Methods: The study was an experimental study with a post-test only control group design using 25 male wistar white rat as the subject and was carried out in the FK UGJ Research Laboratory. The study used five groups : negative control group, positive control group, and treatment group using mango gedong gincu peel extract gel (Mangifera indica L.) with concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%.
Results: The results of the study revealed that mango (Mangifera indica L.) gedong gincu peel is a source of various phytochemical such as flavonoids, tannins, phenols, triterpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, and saponins. This study showed that the 5% and 10% concentration treatment groups had the same average length measurement wound of 0.86 cm. The fastest observation of erythema was the 5% concentration group with a healing rate of 8 days, in the observation of edema the 10% concentration group was the fastest of 6 days, and the observation long of healing time was 5% and 10% concentration had the same rate of 11 days.
Conclusion: Mango gedong gincu peel extract gel (Mangifera indica L.) was effective against wound healing with optimum concentrations of 5% and 10% which gives the best healing effect against wounds in male wistar white rats (Rattus norvegicus).
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 22 October 2024 |
Revised: 05 November 2024 | Accepted: 09 November 2024