Publications of the Indonesian Scholars' Alliance
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HEALTH PROMOTION IN LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES: ‘YOUTH CHAMPIONS' AS AGENTS OF CHANGE
Full text linkBackground: Health promotion includes a wide range of social and environmental interventions that enable people to increase control over their own health. The aim is to achieve health literacy, where people have the knowledge they need to make healthy choices and the skills and daily practices necessary to improve their health, and can access information that helps to reduce the risk of illness or injury. Health promotion programs traditionally use adult experts or teachers to deliver the informationand practices promoted, but in school-based programs WHO advocates the involvement of youth to make program content and delivery relevant and interesting to school children.
Aims: To summarize how youth leaders (‘champions') can contribute to school and community based programs through their involvement in the design of school-based health promotion and by engaging and motivating the target population.
Methods: Summary of the HPS literature and experience of youth involvement in our school programs in Africa
Results: Schools are settings where important health knowledge and behaviours can be promoted. Teachers have a central role in creating an environment that fosters health learning, but the efficacy of health promotion is improved when youth are included in program design and delivery. Youth champions have a special ability to connect with the target audience in schools and by using the pupils ‘language' and idioms make the knowledge and practices being shared relevant and accessible. Trained youth can champion individual messages or take on a variety of roles in health promotion initiatives. Youth champions have contributed to the success of programs that have promoted hand washing, oral health, improved nutrition, malaria prevention, sexual health and HIV/Aids prevention Youth involved as champions have an important opportunity to learn as well as to contribute; potentially, many educators, health care providers and leaders of tomorrow will emerge from among them..
Conclusion: Youth who act as champions and peer to peer counsellors have a unique contribution to make in school-based health promotion. As measured by long term retention of knowledge and sustained changes in behavior, school-based health promotion is improved when youth are included as ‘messengers' and pupils help select the ‘messages' promoted.
 
ASSESSMENT OF ADEQUACY OF PROTEIN INTAKE IN ENTERAL FEEDING PATIENTS WITH NEUROLOGICAL PROBLEMS
Full text linkIntroduction: Enteral tube feeding can provide sole source of nutrients in patients who cannot eat orally. In order to get adequate nutrients, it is essential to choose enteral feeding formula correctly and provide sufficiently.
Aims: Therefore this study was carried out to determine the adequacy of protein intake with blenderized tube feeding diet in comparison to traditional tube feeding diet by studying nitrogen balance.
Methods: This study was conducted on 25 participants with neurogenic dysphagia who had been admitted to Kwe Ka Baw Hospital at Yangon. The participants were divided into three groups: the first group who received 1800 ml/d of traditional tube feeding diet (Group T, n = 10), the second group was supplied with 1500 ml/d of blenderized tube feeding diet (Group B1, n = 9) and the third group was supplied with 2000 ml/d of blenderized diet (Group B2, n = 6). The nitrogen balance study was doneon day 4, day 5 and day 6 of enteral feeding.
Results: The mean nitrogen balance of Group T was profoundly negative (-7.3 g/d) and of Group B1 was still negative (-2.6 g/d). The nitrogen balance of Group B2 improved to positive balance (0.6 g/d). In conclusion, the protein intake was inadequate with traditional tube feeding diet and 1500 ml/d of blenderized tube feeding diet. The protein intake was adequate with 2000 ml/d of blenderized tube feeding diet.
Conclusion: Based on the result of this study, the blenderized tube feeding diet with 2000 ml/d intake should be recommend to use for enteral feeding patients with underlying neurological problems.
 
COMPARING EFFECTIVENESS OF PALM DATES AND OXYTOCIN MASSAGE IN STIMULATING BREASTMILK PRODUCTION OF POST PARTUM MOTHER
Full text linkBackgrounds: The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in the world is still low. It is influenced by the limited number of breastfeeding counselors, the lack of education, advocacy and coaching breastfeeding support groups, maternal health and physiological factors (prolactin and oxytocin hormones). Dates contains oxytocin and many chemical elements which are good for breastfeeding mothers. Regular oxytocin massage therapy is also shown to increase the production of the oxytocin hormone.
Aims: To compare the effectiveness of palm dates and oxytocin massage in stimulating breastmilk production of postpartum mothers.
Methods: it is a literature review study, using keywords breastfeeding, palm dates and oxytocin massage from national and international journals.
Results: The results shown that palm date and oxytocin massage have been proven to increase the oxytocin hormone that is influential on the smoothness of breastfeeding in postpartum mothers. Some studies noted that the palm dates contain potuchin hormone that serves spur blood vessel contractions around the breast spurring mammary gland to produce milk. In addition, there is the hormone oxytocin can help stimulating the contractions of the muscles of the uterus to facilitate childbirth. While oxytocin massage can increase milk production and the baby's weight and also to drive a contraction in the veins surround the breast and spurring the milk glands to produce milk.
Conclusion: The results of several studies suggest that the oxytocin massage is more effective applied to increase oxytocin than the consumption of palm dates.
 
THE EFFECT OF MASSAGE AND MUSIC THERAPY FOR PREMATURE INFANTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Full text linkBackground: Premature infants are prone to loose skin stimulation through skin contact with the amniotic fluid and the uterine wall of the mother during the intrauterine phase. This situation becomes one of the decisive factors in the growth and development of infants' nerves. In addition to the initial sensory deficiency, prematurity raises other related factors such as the absence of bonding between the mother and the newborns due to the need to remain in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Prematurity also has adverse effects on the psychological and biological development of the children and the parents' welfare.
Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the literature relating to holistic care in massage and music therapy for premature infants and summarize the benefits of both therapies.
Methods: The method used in finding articles was a literature review, using the keywords. Search was conducted electronically using several databases, including Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar Results: The massage and music therapy contribute positive impact on infant development. Massage therapy not only provides comfort but also improves sleep quality, insulin levels, pulse frequency and body temperature, and induces weight gain. Likewise, music therapy helps to accelerate the baby's growth by reducing the effects of psychological stress.
Conclusion: Massage and music therapy have benefits for premature infants growth