Publications of the Indonesian Scholars' Alliance
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“We can make it better you and I” : How Ugandan girls raised awareness of sexual and gender related violence
No full textSexual and gender related violence (SGRV) against girls is a dark stain on the fabric of life and the most pervasive breach of human rights worldwide. In spite of laws to combat violence, weak enforcement and discriminatory social norms remain significant problems globally, and urgent action employing ‘novel and innovative’ solutions is called for by the World Health organization and United Nations International Children’s Fund. Using knowledge of African society gleaned from work in school-based health promotion programs in Uganda we engaged girls, gave them a voice, and raised national awareness about the impact of SGRV through a celebrity recorded music video that highlighted the SGRV priorities the girls identified. While the unique power of the combination of images, illustrative scenarios, lyrics and music in the video engaged and informed, still photographs were also integral to the success of this call from girls ‘to make things better”. Our photographic record of this project captured many ethnographic elements of this initiative during its creation; selected images were central to the success of the promotional campaign to disseminate the messaging of the video nationwide; sharing photographs helped to maintain the engagement of team members, especially those unable to be in Uganda; and, our image archive provides a uniquely valuable element for knowledge transfer of ‘what worked and why’ in this initiative.
Received: 16 October 2024 | Revised: 09 November 2024 |
Accepted: 15 November 2024
Reviewer Acknowledgements: GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal), Volume 7, Editions 1, 2, and 3, 2024
Full text linkGHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) is proud to announce the successful publication of 18 high-quality articles across the first, second, and third editions of its seventh year. Each published article represents the culmination of a rigorous process, including a double-blind peer review conducted by our Editorial Board and carefully selected reviewers, chosen for their expertise in the field of global health.
We extend our deepest gratitude to the distinguished scholars and professionals who contributed their time, knowledge, and insights to reviewing the manuscripts for these issues. Their dedication and commitment to academic excellence have been essential in maintaining the high standards of our journal.
Editor-in-chief
Prof. Andrew John Macnab
Managing Editors
Doni Marisi Sinaga, M.Sc.
Kukuh Madyaningrana, M.Biotech.
Journal Managers
Suyitno, M.PHM
Maretalinia, M.A
External Reviewers
Ratih Yulistika Utami, MMedEd. (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Indonesia)
Uswatun Khasanah, M.Pd., MKM. (Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Indonesia)
Donny Nauphar, M.Si.Med. (Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Indonesia)
Associate Prof. Dr. Md Azalanshah Bin Md Syed (University of Malaya, Malaysia)
Crossman Mayavo, Ph.D (University of Johannesburg, South Africa)
Erwiantono, M.Si. (Universitas Mulawarman, Indonesia)
Melyana Nurul Widyawati, M.Kes. (Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Indonesia)
GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) invites scholars and professionals to contribute to enhancing the quality of our publications. If you are interested in serving as a reviewer, we warmly welcome your participation. To join us, please register on our website and select the "Reviewer" option during the registration process.
Benefits of Becoming a Reviewer:
Receive formal recognition by having your name listed as a Reviewer in each edition you contribute to.
Gain opportunities for professional growth by being considered for inclusion on the Editorial Board in future editions.
Reviewers will enjoy an exclusive opportunity to publish Editorial Papers with us at no cost.
Acceptance Rate : 45%
Days to First Editorial Decision : 17 days
Days to accept : 73 days
Published : 21 November 2024
Turmeric Topical Application: An effective solution for reducing breast milk secretion delays in new mothers
Full text linkBackground: The problem of low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding is partly influenced by insufficient breast milk production. The percentage of exclusive breastfeeding in infants under six months of age in Central Kalimantan in 2020 was 52.98%. This percentage was among the lowest nationally. In 2021, the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in infants under six months of age reached 56.8%, and in 2022 it did 60.5%. The figure in 2022 exceeded the set target, but several regencies/cities still had low coverage. Insufficient breast milk supply impacts on the nutritional status of the child. Low breast milk production also arises due to several other factors during breastfeeding, namely late initiation of breastfeeding, long breastfeeding time, sore nipples, breast pain and swelling, and inverted nipples.
Aims: The study sought to measure the level of success of turmeric topical application in shortening the time it takes to initiate breast milk secretion.
Methods: The study uses a true experimental posttest-only control group design. A subject of 50 mothers having full-term spontaneous deliveries and with normal breasts was used in the study. The sample was divided into two groups: control and intervention groups. The sample was selected using a matching process based on age, parity, and early initiation of breastfeeding. Subjects who met the inclusion criteria were offered whether they were willing to be given turmeric compresses after the delivery process. Subjects who were willing were included in the intervention group and those who were not willing were included in the control group. Age and parity in the intervention group were all taken, while the control group was selected to match the intervention group. The intervention group was given a treatment with a turmeric compress on the breasts for six hours. All participants were then observed for time of breast milk secretion initiation. In this experiment, we didn't perform blinding, but we managed it by having the midwife administer the turmeric compress just once during the delivery process before sending the client home. Following this, we recorded the results, specifically the initial breast milk release in both the intervention and the control group.
Results: The average time periods it took to initiate breast milk secretion in the intervention and control groups were 509.96 minutes (8.5 hours) and 1573.76 minutes (26.2 hours), respectively. There was a significant difference (p = 0.023) in the time of breast milk secretion initiation of 1063.8 minutes or 17.73 hours between both groups.
Conclusion: Applying a turmeric compress on the breasts of postpartum mothers may shorten the time it takes to initiate breast milk secretion.
Received: 05 August 2024, Reviewed: 23 August 2024, Revised: 21 September 2024, Accepted: 13 October 2024.
Disability and Vulnerable Groups Inclusion in COVID-19 Policy and Planning in Sub-Sahara African Countries
Full text linkBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an excess burden of disease in disabled and vulnerable populations. These populations may face an increased risk of contracting COVID-19, greater demand for services and social support, and reduced access to treatment. Despite various national and international efforts towards disability rights and inclusion, substantial gaps exist between disability rights legislation and its implementation.
Aims: To assess the inclusion of people with disability and other vulnerable groups in policy and planning documents related to the COVID-19 pandemic response in sub-Sahara Africa.
Methods: We conducted content analysis using the EquiFrame policy analysis tool and assessed commitment to 12 vulnerable groups and 21 core human rights in policy and planning documents related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We included documents on general pandemic response, stakeholder engagement, risk communication, and the COVID-19 vaccine from five sub-Saharan African countries, including Nigeria, South Africa, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Zambia.
Results: The study highlights the varying degrees to which countries integrate disability, vulnerable groups, and other core human rights concepts into their COVID-19 health policies and planning documents. Only Kenya mentioned disability in their pandemic response plan. However, all countries have explicitly mentioned disability in their stakeholder engagement plans. Except for Kenya, all countries have included disability in their risk communication plans. Notably, South Africa and Zambia demonstrated extensive disability inclusion in their stakeholder engagement and vaccine plan. Thus, these countries have the potential for comprehensive and inclusive health policymaking. In contrast, Nigeria and Ethiopia lag, therefore highlighting areas of improvement across all policy domains.
Conclusion: The findings emphasize the critical importance of not only mentioning disability and other vulnerable groups, but also ensuring the depth and quality of this inclusion. While there are positive strides in certain areas, there remains a consistent need for deeper and broader inclusion across all policy domains.
Received: 10 September 2024 | Reviewed: 16 October 2024 |
Revised: 03 November 2024 | Accepted: 05 November 2024
The Effectiveness of Cassava Leaf (Manihot esculenta C.) Flavonoid Quercetin as Dengue Virus-1 Antivirus in Vitro
Full text linkBackground: Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease that can cause severe symptoms and death, placing high burden on healthcare systems in tropical regions. Currently, there are no antiviral treatments. It has been proven that synthetic quercetin able to improve body performance and reduce the risk of infection as well as inhibit DENV replication. Cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta C.) contain anthocyanins (flavonoids) such as quercetin and it shows potential as antiviral agent as the synthetic as well.
Aims: To describe the levels of self-compassion and procrastination among medical students and to examine how these factors relate to academic performance.
Methods: This experimental study used post-test only with control group design consisted of 13 treatment groups and 1 control group. Treatment group were divided into 6 different concentrations for inhibition test (50 µg/mL, 25 µg/mL, 12.5 µg/mL, 6.25 µg/mL, 3.125 µg/mL, 1.5 µg/mL) and 7 different concentrations for cytotoxicity test (80 µg/mL, 40 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 5 µg/mL, 2.5 µg/mL, 1.25 µg/mL). The control group was a negative control treated with 0.2% DMSO. Inhibition was assessed by Focus Forming Unit Assay and cytotoxic was assessed by number of Microtiter Tetrazolium Assay (MTT Assay). The statistical analysis used in this study were the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality test, Kruskal-Wallis test for hypothesis test, and post-hoc test to determine whether the groups studied in this research had significant differences from each other.
Results: The CC50 and IC50 values of quercetin of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta C.) were found to be 3.44 μg/mL and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively, with an SI value of 123. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the flavonoid quercetin of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta C.) exhibits selective properties in inhibiting the replication of DENV-1. Statistical analysis showed non-normal distribution (P<0.05), hypothesis test was accepted (P<0.05), and no significant differences between concentrations in the post-hoc test.
Conclusion: Quercetin of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta C.) is effective as an antiviral agent against dengue serotype 1 strain New Guinea C in vitro.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 15 October 2024 |
Revised: 30 November 2024 | Accepted: 15 December 2024.
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Genetic Polymorphism of Interferon-Gamma +874T/A as a Risk Factor for Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Cirebon, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death globally, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. With 10% of all cases worldwide in 2022, Indonesia is the second-largest contributor of tuberculosis cases. IFN-γ gene polymorphism is one of the factors that have been studied extensively for its association with TB.
Aims: To analyze IFN-γ +874T/A gene polymorphism as a risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis in Cirebon.
Methods: Observational analysis with case control design was used in this study. Thirty-two tuberculosis patients as cases and 32 healthy controls at RSUD Waled were collected and performed DNA extraction to evaluate the polymorphism by using Amplification-refractory mutation system–polymerase chain reaction (ARMS–PCR). Statistical comparison was performed by using Pearson Chi-square and Kruskal Wallis test. Mann-Whitney U test was done for post hoc test. Odds ratio was calculated to see the risk of the assessed variables, including genotype, allele frequency, and the presence of polymorphism.
Results: In the case group, the frequency of TT genotype was 3 (9.4%), TA genotype was 26 (81.3%), AA genotype was 3 (9.4%). In the control group, the frequency of TT genotype was 12 (37.5%), TA genotype was 17 (53.1%), AA genotype was 3 (9.4%). A significant difference (p=0.034) was found among 3 genotype groups. Post hoc test revealed that TT and TA was the pair with significant difference (p=0.007). In addition, TA polymorphism was significantly associated (p=0.004) with tuberculosis (OR=6.614; CI95% = 1.660-26.349).
Conclusion: IFN-γ +874 TA gene polymorphism is associated with pulmonary tuberculosis in the population of Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 23 October 2024 |
Revised: 10 November 2024 | Accepted: 30 November 202
Donor-funded procurement effectiveness in the public health medical laboratory services: Examining the moderation role for government policy in donor-support
Full text linkBackground: The paper seeks to provide evidence on the government policy’s moderating role in donor-funded procurement in the laboratory services of Zimbabwe. Procurement is a key component for any organizations to function optimally and the medical laboratory service is no exception considering that the donors are the major funders of the department hence the need for this study to examine the government policy as the moderating variable for this research. Medical laboratory services plays a very important role in the functioning of any health sector as every disease have to be tested to ascertain the actual disease a person suffering from before any treatment can be commenced.
Aims: The aim of the paper was to examine the moderating role of government policy on donor-funded procurement in Zimbabwe’s laboratory services.
Methods: The paper made use of a quantitative method research method. Data was collected from 260 respondents sampled from a total population of 795 using RaoSoftware but only 214 respondents successfully returned the questionnaire from the Ministry of Health and Child Care, Zimbabwe and the analysis was done using STATA to run the structural equation modeling.
Results: The study found out that government policy (GP) moderates the pre-donation preparation process (PDPP) (β=0.15, p-value = 0.038) donation requirement process (DRP) (β=0.24, p-value =0.000), donation recipient planning process (DRPP) (β=0.22, p-value = 0.001) and donation implementation process (DIP) (β=0.18, p-value = 0.004) and the effectiveness of donor-funded procurement.
Conclusion: Based on the results, the study concluded that government policy has a role to play to support donor-funded procurement in the laboratory services in Zimbabwe and the world over and the study recommended that policy maker should take into consideration the important role as government policy plays as it support key health outcomes considering the crucial role the medical laboratory also plays.
Received: 16 April 2024 | Reviewed: 22 April 2024 | Revised: 6 May 2024 | Accepted: 11 June 2024
Overview of COVID-19 Test Results (2021–2022) at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-19) is a respiratory infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global pandemic due to the rapid rise in cases and mortality rates worldwide. The pandemic has impacted millions of people and continues to pose a significant global public health threat. Accurate diagnosis of the disease depends on laboratory testing, with RT-PCR widely recognized as the gold standard for confirming COVID-19.
Aims: To describe an overview of COVID-19 test results at Laboratory Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia, from 2021-2022.
Methods: This study used a descriptive observational method. The sample was collected in July 2024 using a total sampling technique. The sample includes all 135,713 patients who had COVID-19 tests at Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Swadaya Gunung Jati Univesity between 2021 and 2022. Data were collected from medical records of COVID-19 test. The variables of this study include gender, age, and COVID-19 test results. A statistical analysis was used to determine frequency distribution.
Results: The results of the study showed that among the sample who tested for COVID-19, the majority are male (50.9%) and early adolescent age group (23.9%). RT-PCR test findings were positive in 16.3% of patients and negative in 83.7% of patients. Among PCR positive cases, the majority are female (17.4%), with seniors age groups >65 years accounting for 39.0%.
Conclusion: Most of the tested samples are males and early adolescent age groups, with more negative PCR results than positive ones. Among positive cases, the highest number was found in females and seniors age group. It is recommended that females and seniors age groups keep protected during COVID-19 outbreaks.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 22 October 2024 |
Revised: 30 November 2024 | Accepted: 11 December 2024
Self-Concept, Family Roles, Knowledge and Information Resource on Dating Violence Prevention Behaviors: A Cross-sectional Study using Smart PLS Software
Full text linkBackground: Gender aspects hold an important role in forming strategies for teenagers to get their acceptance in the neighborhood, especially at the beginning of teenage life development. One of the negative conditions if the development cannot be well developed is violence in dating.
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the direct and indirect effects, as well as the amounts of resources, role of family, knowledge, and self-concept, against the prevention of violence in dating at SMK Wijaya Kusuma in South Jakarta in 2016.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of students in the 9th and 10th grades, and 65 students were selected as respondents. This study used a structure equation model as an analysis method using Smart PLS 2.0 and SPSS 18.0.
Results: The hypothesis testing produced findings that all independent variables have an effect on dependent variables: resources by 16.14%, role of family by 11.38%, knowledge by 15.95%, and self-concept by 20,38%. The self-concept variable was the dominant factor in influencing the preventive behavior of violence in dating. Model analysis results can explain 95% of the diversity of this research and the ability to assess the phenomenon, while 5% are described by other components that do not exist in this study.
Conclusion: In sum, there was an influence-relationship between resources, the role of family, knowledge, and self-concept in preventing violence in dating. We suggest that schools should provide education about violence prevention strategies so that they are well-informed about violence in dating.
Received: 07 December 2023, Reviewed: 12 December 2023, Revised: 06 January 2024, Accepted: 14 January 2024.
Non-communicable diseases: Opportunities to promote future health during the first 1000 day of life
Full text linkThe Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) framework now underlies the evolution and epigenetics of many non-communicable diseases that develop in adult life. Type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, heart disease and stroke in particular have links back to events during the first 1000 days of life, and as the world is witnessing an epidemic of these conditions, identifying measures able to contribute to reducing the potential for these NCDs to develop in our aging populations becomes all the more important. Parental health at conception and good maternal health and nutrition throughout pregnancy are known to be integral to normal infant development and health in later life, but more recently the central importance of infant nutrition that achieves healthy weight gain has become recognized. In this context, achieving growth patterns for infants that avoid either the onset of obesity or development of stunting during the first 1000 days of life appears to be an achievable goal with significant potential for the avoidance of many NCDs in later life. Hence the relevance of health promotion initiatives to share this knowledge among health care providers and educate parents on the benefits of optimal infant nutrition