Publications of the Indonesian Scholars' Alliance
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Overview of Students’ Knowledge Levels Regarding Adolescent Reproductive Health at Senior High School 1 Tasikmalaya, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Adolescence is significantly associated with psychological development accompanied by sexual developments which together make teenagers more prone to risky behavioral problems. Reproductive health education is important as a provision of knowledge for adolescents regarding reproductive anatomy and physiology, the process of fetal development, and various reproductive problems.
Aims: To determine students' understanding of adolescent reproductive health at Senior High School 1 Tasikmalaya, Indonesia.
Methods: This research method was quantitative research using descriptive observational methods which was conducted in May 2024 at Senior High School 1 Tasikmalaya. The instrument used was questionnaire. The number of samples used based on calculations using the Slovin’s formula was 282 people. This research used stratified random sampling.
Results: The finding of this research showed that 97.54% of the students had a high level of knowledge regarding reproductive health. Based on the puberty indicator, 92.61% of them demonstrated a high level of knowledge. In comparison, 67.61% had a high level of knowledge about reproductive organs, while only 2.11% were found to have low knowledge. Based on the reproductive health care indicator, 88.38% of the students possessed a high level of knowledge. On the pregnancy and sexual behavior indicators, 88.73% also demonstrated a high level of knowledge, while 0.71% was classified as having low knowledge.
Conclusion: The level of knowledge of the students regarding adolescent reproductive health at Senior High School 1 Tasikmalaya was primarily classified in the high category.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 19 October 2024 |
Revised: 23 November 2024 | Accepted: 30 November 2024.
Correlation between Self-compassion and Academic Procrastination with Learning Achievement among the Medical Students at Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Learning achievement is primarily measured by GPA. A positive self-concept, nurtured by self-compassion, is essential for achieving academic excellence. Self-compassion helps students cope with stress and boost motivation. On the other hand, procrastination is a common obstacle to academic success. Ineffective time management and organizational skills are hallmarks of procrastination.
Aims: To describe the levels of self-compassion and procrastination among medical students and to examine how these factors relate to academic performance.
Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design involving 266 active medical students at UGJ, selected through stratified random sampling. Data was collected using an online questionnaire, including the Self-Compassion Scale and the Academic Procrastination Scale. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted, with a Spearman correlation test used to assess the correlation between variables due to the non-normal distribution of self-compassion and academic achievement.
Results: The majority of participants exhibited moderate levels of self-compassion (56%). Similarly, the majority (38.7%) demonstrated moderate levels of academic procrastination. In terms of learning achievement, the majority of participants achieved a GPA between 3.01 and 3.50 (32.3%). A significant positive correlation was found between self-compassion and learning achievement (p-value<0.001, r=0.339). Conversely, a significant negative correlation was observed between academic procrastination and learning achievement (p-value<0.001, r=-0.234).
Conclusion: This research shows that higher self-compassion is associated with better learning outcomes whereas higher academic procrastination is associated with worse learning outcomes.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 17 October 2024 |
Revised: 17 November 2024 | Accepted: 30 November 2024
The Influence of Female Sex Worker Fellows Support and Motivation on Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) Prevention Behaviors in Makassar City, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: A sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is an illness that is primarily transmitted through sexual contact. There are around 30 different species of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites, that can be transmitted through sexual activity without protection. The most prevalent conditions include gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, trichomoniasis, chancroid, genital herpes, HIV, and hepatitis B. Within society, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are the most prevalent form of infection.
Aims: The objective of this study is to ascertain the direct and indirect impact on the prevention of sexually transmitted illnesses in the city of Makassar.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The study collected samples from 45 consenting individuals who agreed to participate. This study used a structure equation model as an analysis method using Smart PLS 2.0.
Results: The findings demonstrated a significant correlation between the support of fellow female sex workers (FSWs) and the practice of STDs prevention, with a direct impact of 10.26%. Additionally, there was a direct influence of STDs prevention behavior on motivation, accounting for 10.84%. Furthermore, the support of fellow FSWs had a substantial impact on motivation, with a direct influence of 29.16%. The overall direct effects have increased by 50.26%. The support of fellow FSWs has an indirect influence on STDs prevention behavior, increasing motivation by 5.77%. The cumulative impact, both direct and indirect, amounts to 56.03%. The Q-Square analysis model accounts for 44.1% of the variability in the data and specifically investigates the phenomenon studied. The remaining 55.9% of variability is attributed to other variables that were not addressed in this study.
Conclusion: Hence, the research findings indicate that various factors, including the assistance from fellow female sex workers and motivation, contribute to the promotion of STDs prevention behavior.
Received: 14 December 2023, Reviewed: 25 December 2023, Revised: 06 January 2024, Accepted: 16 January 2024
Effectiveness of Gedong Gincu Mango Leaf Extract Gel (Mangifera indica L. var. Gedong gincu) on Cut Wound Healing in Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar Strain
Full text linkBackground: The Indonesia Basic Health Research data show the prevalence of wounds including incision/scratches/stab wounds reaches 20.1%. Natural herbal products play an important role in the wound healing process functioning as anti-inflammatories, antioxidants, antimicrobials, and collagen formation. Mango leaves are often considered waste even though they have many health benefits with the high content of coactive compounds, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins which are good for cut wound healing. The use of gel is more stable and controlled release compared to other topical preparations. Gedong Gincu mangoes originating from West Java have unique properties and they are marketed widely in some areas including Cirebon.
Aims: This study aims to identify the most effective concentration of Gedong Gincu mango leaf extract on cut wound healing in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar Strain.
Methods: This study used a post-test-only control group design. The extract gel used three levels of concentration, namely 40%, 50%, and 60%. The positive control used 10% povidone iodine while the negative control used a gel base. The gel was applied to the cut wound twice a day for 14 days.
Results: The average length of the cut wound was 0.916 cm, 0.912 cm, and 1.050 cm for concentration levels of 40%, 50%, and 60%. For the positive and negative controls, it reached 0.996 cm and 0.702 cm respectively. This indicates no significant difference in the length of the cut wound with a p-value of 0.121 (p>0.05). The wound healing process was effective at a concentration level of 60% as indicated by the disappearance of erythema and edema.
Conclusion: Mango leaf extract gel (Mangifera indica L.var. Gedong Gincu) is effective in healing cut wounds with the disappearance of erythema and edema in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain with a concentration of 60%.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 19 October 2024 |
Revised: 30 November 2024 | Accepted: 15 December 2024
Sensitivity and Specificity of Pulse Oximetry for Congenital Heart Disease Screening in Newborn: A Meta-Analysis
Full text linkBackground: Early detection for Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) using pulse oximetry is a routine procedure for newborn. Pulse Oximetry Screening (POS) has been shown to be effective in detecting CHD.
Aims: To evaluate the accuracy of POS through sensitivity and specificity in detecting CHD.
Methods: In this meta-analysis, we conducted a search on Pubmed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect for studies that were published up to June 20, 2024. We selected studies that assessed the sensitivity and specificity of POS for the screening of CHD in newborn babies in a hospital or home setting, regardless of gestational age at birth and excluded newborns with a previous diagnosis of CHD. We used RevMan5 software (QUADAS-2: Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2) to assess the quality of the studies included and used Stata/SE 16.0 software to pool the sensitivity and specificity.
Results: The results showed that 17 studies, including 413,516 newborns, had pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.57-0.81) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.85-1.00).
Conclusion: This study’s results suggest that POS has moderate sensitivity and high specificity in screening CHD in newborns. It can be concluded that there is a prospective usefulness of POS as a valuable tool in clinical practice for screening and management of CHD, especially in settings where access to higher diagnostic technologies may be limited.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 20 October 2024 |
Revised: 13 November 2024 | Accepted: 30 November 2024
Association between Food and Beverage Social Media Exposure with Nutritional Intake of Female Adolescents at SMA Negeri 1 Kota Cirebon, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Previous studies have indicated that exposure to social media can impact adolescents' nutritional intake. Given that 87.5% of Indonesian adolescents use the internet to access social media.
Aims: This study aims to analyze how exposure to social media content about food and beverage affect their nutritional intake.
Method: The research method used in this study was analytical observational with a cross-sectional approach, involving 114 respondents. Data was collected through a questionnaire of food and beverage social media exposure, anthropometric measurements, and direct interviews using a 24-hour food recall format. Data was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test.
Results: Based on the analysis results, it can be concluded that there is a negative relationship between exposure to social media related to food and beverage and adolescent nutritional intake. This means that as exposure to social media content about food and beverage increases, adolescents tend to have lower nutritional intake. The Spearman correlation coefficient of -0.23 supports this finding, indicating a weak but statistically significant negative association.
Conclusion: This negative correlation suggests that social media may influence adolescents in ways that may be detrimental to their overall nutritional health. For example, social media platforms often promote foods and beverages that are high in sugar, fat, and calories, which can lead adolescents to make less healthy food choices. In addition, constant exposure to food-related content may create unrealistic expectations about diet and body image, potentially influencing their eating habits. Recommendations for future research focus on the types of food-related content that adolescents encounter, distinguishing between promotional and educational messages, a more diverse sample of adolescents from different schools and socioeconomic backgrounds, and examining confounding variables such as physical activity levels and peer influence.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 16 October 2024 |
Revised: 30 November 2024 | Accepted: 11 December 2024
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion (ACE I/D) Gene Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for Essential Hypertension
Full text linkBackground: Hypertension is the leading cause of death globally due to its complications, including coronary heart disease and stroke. In 2018, hypertension cases in West Java were the second highest among all populations in Indonesia. Genetics is one of the unmodifiable risk factors for hypertension. Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) gene polymorphism could affect ACE production in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which is linked to the regulation of blood pressure.
Aims: To analyze ACE I/D gene polymorphism as a risk factor for hypertension in Cirebon.
Methods: An observational analysis with a case-control design was used in this study. Blood samples were collected from 30 hypertensive patients and 30 healthy individuals at Talun Health Center. DNA extraction was performed to evaluate polymorphisms using ARMS-PCR. Statistical analyses, including the Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis test, were conducted to compare the case and control groups. The odds ratio was calculated to see the risk of the assessed variables, including genotype, allele frequency, and the presence of ACE I/D gene polymorphism.
Results: In the case group, the frequency of the II genotype was 2 (6.7%), the ID genotype was 25 (83.3%), and the DD genotype was 3 (10.0%). In the control group, the frequency of the II genotype was 2 (6.7%), the ID genotype was 26 (86.7%), and the DD genotype was 2 (6.7%). Statistically, there was no significant association between ACE I/D gene polymorphisms in essential hypertension patients and healthy people (p=0.500; OR=1.556; 95% CI=0.241-10.049).
Conclusion: ACE I/D gene polymorphism was not significantly associated with essential hypertension in Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 21 October 2024 |
Revised: 23 November 2024 | Accepted: 30 November 2024
Self-reflection Levels in Learning among the Medical Students at Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Self-reflection is one of the most important characteristics that students, especially medical students, need to have during their studies. With the challenges across medical doctor programs, students need to have adequate self-assessment skills.
Aims: This study aims to determine the level of self-reflection skills in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati at the academic and professional stages.
Methods: This is a descriptive observation research with 418 respondents consisting of students at the academic and professional stages. This study used a reflection-in-learning questionnaire that has been adapted into Indonesian to assess the level of student self-reflection with the results are divided into six levels of indicators: "Null", "Minimal", "Restricted", "Partial", "Sufficient", and "Maximal".
Results: The results of this study indicate that the highest level of student self-reflection is in the "Sufficient" indicator (45%), followed by the "Maximal" indicator (34.2%), the "Partial" indicator (18.7%), the "Restricted" indicator (1.9%), the "Minimal" indicator (0.2%), and the "Null" indicator (0%).
Conclusion: This study concludes that the level of self-reflection skills in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, both at the academic and professional stage, is classified as a level of ability that is quite good.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 17 October 2024 |
Revised: 05 November 2024 | Accepted: 30 November 2024
The Association between Family Knowledge and Response with Pre-hospital Delay among Stroke Patients: A Study from Rural Area of Cirebon, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Stroke is a non-communicable disease whose prevalence continues to increase in both young and old age groups. Stroke patients require immediate treatment at the hospital to prevent disability and death. Delayed treatment may result in a worse prognosis.
Aims: To analyze the relationship between family knowledge and response with pre-hospital delay in stroke patients in Cirebon Regency, Indonesia.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Waled General Hospital, Cirebon Regency, Indonesia. The sampling technique used was consecutive sampling of patients hospitalized with stroke diagnosis from May 2024 to July 2024. Patients with recurrent stroke were excluded. Data were collected from medical records and questionnaires administered to the patient's families. The Indonesian version of Stroke Recognition Questionnaire (SQR) was used to explore family knowledge, while family responses were explored using the Stroke Action Test (STAT).
Results: There were 61 stroke patients recruited in this study. Majority of the sample were delivered to hospital late (78.7%). Most of the patients’ families had poor knowledge (47.5%) and inadequate attitudes (85.2%). In the bivariate analysis, there was a strong correlation between family knowledge of stroke symptoms and pre-hospital delay (p=<0.001; r=0.746). Inadequate family response was associated with pre-hospital delay [p= 0.002; PR 2.596 (95%CI 1.024-6.581)].
Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between family knowledge and response with pre-hospital delay in stroke patients in Cirebon Regency, Indonesia.
Received: 26 September 2024 | Reviewed: 19 October 2024 |
Revised: 24 November 2024 | Accepted: 30 November 2024
Correlation between Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection with Length of Stay and Mortality at Gunung Jati Regional Hospital, Cirebon, Indonesia: A Case Control Study with Total Sampling
Full text linkBackground: In 2017, WHO identified Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as a high-priority pathogen due to its antimicrobial resistance. MRSA prevalence has been rising since the 1960s, reaching 20% globally and over 80% in some countries. This increasing prevalence of MRSA is accompanied by higher morbidity, more challenging management with difficult treatment, and prolonged length of stay, and consequently increased mortality risk.
Aims: To determine the relationship between MRSA infection with length of stay and mortality at Gunung Jati Regional Hospital, Cirebon, Indonesia.
Methods: A case-control study was performed in 46 cases and 92 controls. This study used total sampling including 138 samples, selected population of MRSA patients between 2021-2023 at Gunung Jati Regional Hospital, Cirebon. Data was taken from medical record and WHONET data.
Results: The Mann-Whitney test results showed a significant correlation between MRSA infection and the length of stay compared to MSSA infection (p=0.003). Furthermore, the Chi-Square test revealed a significant correlation between MRSA infection and mortality (p=0.019; OR, 2.448; 95% CI, 1.151 – 5.205).
Conclusion: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection is associated with a longer length of stay and higher mortality compared to Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus infection.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 21 October 2024 |
Revised: 30 November 2024 | Accepted: 15 December 2024