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THE ASSOSIATION BETWEEN HIV AND AIDS KNOWLEDGE AND UPTAKE OF HIV TESTING AMONG SEXUALLY ACTIVE YOUNG POPULATION AGE 15-24 IN DISTRICT MERAUKE, PAPUA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Get PDFBackground: This study examine relationship between HIV and AIDS knowledge as one of milestone to uptake HIV testing. Knowledge was first step as response to HIV prevention. Young population was the vulnerable group who were in stage of exploring sexual experience and had less awareness of personal risk.
Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the distribution of HIV and AIDS knowledge and to know its association with response to HIV testing among young population who have had sex in the last 12 months preceding the survey.
Method: Data set were obtained from Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2011. Respondents consist of 119 young women and 56 young men age 15-24 years old who lived in Merauke adminstrative area.Comprehensive HIV and AIDS knowledge was measured from at least gave 6 correct answers from 7 questions. Data output are analyzed by cross-tabulation to describe socio demographic, HIV and AIDS knowledge and HIV testing and bivariat analysis to know their correlation.
Results: HIV and AIDS knowledge was in low level (28%). Respondent who have been tested in last 12 months preceding the survey have tiny participant (10,3%). Women, higher education, non- Papua ethnicity, and wealth status were all positively associated with having comprehensive knowledge. And only wealth status significantly associated with HIV testing. Substantively, young people who had comprehensive knowledge are more likely to uptake HIV testing, but in this paperit didn't significantly proved.
Conclusion: HIV and AIDS knowledge among young population in Merauke was very poor status and it significantly impact to lack of uptake in HIV testing.To know HIV status, there are many approaches to drive people and knowledge is one of milestone to start. The uptake of HIV testing were more likely has done among young population who had good knowledge about HIV andAIDS.
 
CARROTS JUICE FOR DYSMENORRHEA
Get PDFBackground: The incidence of dysmenorrhea (menstruation pain) was reported at a moderate level (64.25%), ranged from 54.89% primary dysmenorrhea and 9.36% secondary dysmenorrhea. Most Indonesian women used herbs to reduce the pain, yet, only few who understood that carrots can be used. Carrots contains a lot of beta carotene, flavonoids and saponins that works as analgesic and antiinflammatory effect. It inhibits the enzyme phospholipase and lipooksigenase enzymes that would inhibitprostaglandin release.
Aims: The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of carrots juice to reduce dysmenorrhea in midwifery student.
Method: this research employed pre-experimental design, with pretest-posttest one group design. The carrot-free varieties of water was set as independent variable, whilst different levels of dysmenorrhea painas dependent variable. Twenty five female students was selected randomly as sample from 172 students' population. Prior to treatment, respondents were asked to fill out a questionnaire about the degree of pain experienced, then given carrot juice made from 250 grams of carrots, 100 cc of water and 2 tablespoons of sugar and drink 2 times (morning and evening). After administering carrot juice, respondents again filledout questionnaires about the level of dysmenorrhea pain.
Results: Prior to the intervention, 72% participant experienced mild pain whilst 20% suffered from moderate pain and 8% felt severe pain. After the provision of carrots juice, the vast majority experienced no pain (68%), 24% mild and 8% felt moderate pain. No participants reported suffered from severe pain.
The results of Wilcoxon Match Paired Test analysis shows that there is influence of giving of carrots juice to various level of dysmenorrhea in student with p = 0.001.
Conclusion: There is an effect of giving carrots water to various levels of dysmenorrheal pain in the students. So it is advisable for teenagers or adults to increase knowledge related to dysmenorrhea and to provide carrot juice as an alternative to overcome dysmenorrhea pain
CORRELATION BETWEEN CORONARY HEART DISEASE (CHD) AND PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE (PAD)
Get PDFBackground: Peripheral Artery Disease (PAP) is a disease of the blood vessels. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAP) occurs due to the formation of atherosclerosis which causes the reduction of blood flow to the extremities. Peripheral arterial disease (PAP) is also common in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) because in patients with coronary heart disease (PJK) has a pathophysiology of atherosclerosis similar to atherosclerosis occurring in peripheral artery disease (PAP).
Aims: This study aims to determine the relationship between Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) with Peripheral Artery Disease (PAP) at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital.
Methods: The study was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design and was conducted at Sultan Agung Semarang Islamic Hospital in November-December 2014. Diagnosis of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAP) was known by using primary data that was by measuring Ankle Brachial Index (ABI).
Results: The results showed that 42% of patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CHD) had Peripheral Artery Disease (PAP) and 10% of patients with Coronary Artery Disease (PAP) did not have Peripheral Artery Disease (PAP). Forty pecent of Non-Coronary Heart patients did not have Arterial Disease Peripheral (PAP), and 8% of patients with Non Coronary Heart Disease Peripheral Artery (PAP)
Conclusion: This study showed that patient with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) most likely will develop Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
SENSITIVITY OF ANTIBIOTIC IN DIABETIC ULCER BACTERIA AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA. A LITERATURE REVIEW
Get PDFIntroduction: Diabetic ulcer is one of the complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) which is characterized by an open wound on the skin layer up into the dermis. One of the inhibitors of wound healing process is infection. The bacteria that present in the ulcer are a combination of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Treatment of infection is closely related to the use of antibiotics.
Methods: The method used in this paper is literature review and was conducted from 2010 – 2016. The research articles were reviewed from electronic databases including Science Direct, CINAHL, Pub Med, Pro Quest, and from relevant textbooks. The keywords used include diabetic ulcer, antibiotic, management ulcer, and wound care.
Results: The entry of bacteria into the early occurrence of diabetic ulcers and high glucose levels become trategic places of bacterial development. The most common types of bacteria found in diabetic ulcers, Staphylococcus sp, Streptococcus sp, Pseudomonas sp, and E.Coli, are still sensitive to antibiotic class of balaktam (Imepenam and Meropenam) whereas antibiotics that are resistant to these bacteria are amoxicillin and penicillin. Provision of antibiotic therapy should still be combined with wound care with a dressing that has antimicrobial properties, given the many types of bacteria found in diabetic ulcers with different types and sensitivity patterns to antibiotics.
Conclusions: Many cases in diabetic ulcer are infection and many types of bacteria are resistant to antibiotic. Prevention of resistance can be done with the selection of specific antibiotics, the combination of aerobic and anaerobic antibiotics, and the regularity of antibiotics including the timeliness and dose. Management of diabetic ulcers should be carried out comprehensively, not just focusing on antibiotics, but also with wound care, given the many types of bacteria found in diabetic ulcers with different types and sensitivity patterns to antibiotics.
 
FACTORS RELATED TO ABORTION INCIDENCE IN PREGNANT WOMEN AT BHAYANGKARA HOSPITAL, DEPOK, INDONESIA
Get PDFIntroduction: WHO estimates that the incidence rate of abortion case worldwide is 15%. The incidence rate in developed countries such as USA is 10-20%, compared to developing nations such as Zimbabwe where it reaches 28%. In Southeast Asia, an estimate of 4.2 million abortions occur every year. In Indonesia, the national rate of abortion incidence reaches up to 18-19%, while West Java province reported that there are 400,000 cases each year. Bhayangkara Brimob Hospital Depok, situated in West Java, recorded 25.1% of abortion incidence rate in 2012.
Objectives: To determine the maternal factors associated with the abortion incidence among pregnant women in Bhayangkara Brimob Hospital Depok.
Method: This research used secondary data with descriptive research method and cross sectional by using random sampling technique. The total population is 340 people and the sample taken in this study amounted to 77 people with abortion cases. The analysis used is univariate and bivariate. Statistical test analysis through Chi Square test, with É‘ = 0.05 and odds ratio.
Results: The study revealed that there was a significant relationship between age (P value = 0.016, OR = 5,200), parity (P value = 0.044, OR = 4,167), occupation (P value = 0.009, OR = 5,750), anaemia (P value = 0.013, OR = 5,556), and no significant association with previous abortion history (P value = 0.942, OR = 0.781).
Conclusion: Based on the study, the result of this research will support the information about the factors related to abortion incidence in pregnant women and can further be used as a guidance in abortion prevention
KNOWLEDGE AND MOTIVATION OF WOMAN IN REPRODUCTIVE AGE GIVEN HEALTH EDUCATION ABOUT EARLY DETECTION OF CERVICAL CANCER
Get PDFBackground: Cancer is a serious threat to public health because the incidence and its death rates is inarpasing to increase every year. Cancer of the cervix is one of the malignancies or neoplasms that occur in the cervix, which is the lowest part of the uterus that protrudes into the peak hole intercourse (vaginal). In to control cervical cancer, the government is targeting at least 80% of women aged 30- 50 years old do early detection every 5 years. Early detection by using IVA (visual inspection with acetate acid) is not much known by the public One of the methods to expand the information about it is to provide health education wich can increase knowledge and motivation of woman in reproductive age to do for the early detection of cervical cancer. This study aimed to analyze the differences of knowledge and motivation woman in reproductive age before and after health education about cervical cancer early detection.
Methode: The study design used pre-experimentalpre-post test one group design with the intervention of health education. The population was all woman in reproductive in Sidomukti Village District of Semarang District Bandungan as many as 875 people. The Samples were 27 respondents using proportional random sampling technique. Measuring instrument used questionnaires. The data analysis used Wilcoxontest.
Results: The results showed thatthere caresignificantdifferences of knowledge and motivation of woman in reproductive age given before and after health education about early detection of cervical cancer in rural Sidomukti Bandungan district of Semarang district. which Wilcoxon test result showed pvalue = 0,000 < α (0,05).
Conclusion: It is hoped than is more health education or disseminate information about early detection of cervical cancer with IVA (visual inspection with acetate acid) method. This can be done through the provision of information, such as counseling or providing information directly to the mother while visiting health facilities so that the incidence of cervical cancer can be lowered.
 
PREGNANT EXERCISE INFLUENCE ON THE BABY'S BIRTH WEIGHTAND POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE
Get PDFBackground: The benefits of exercise during pregnancy have been reported to be higher than its negative side effects. A reduction in low birth weight, a decrease in heart rate abnormalities of the baby and a decrease in excessive bleeding after 24 hours of labor are among those positive outcomes of the exercise during pregnancy.
Aims: This study was meant to determine the effects of exercise during pregnancy
Methods: This research was an explanatory research using cross sectional design.The research respondents were 42 mothers who was admitted to give birthinHermina Hospital. Twenty-one mothers who practiced twice a week of a combined yoga, pilates, hypnotherapy, and tai chi were recruited as a case group in this study. Mean while, 21 mothers who did not practice exercise during pregnancy were requested to participate in the control group of this study. The infants' birth weight was weighed immediately after birth with the baby scales, and the mothers' post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) were measured by the need bandages and blood ejected through similar toilet ≥ 500 ml. A statisticaltest used is the T-Test IndependentandMann-Whitney.
Results: The results showed that the postpartum hemorrhage occurrence was less among respondents who practiced a regular exercise during pregnancy than who did not. However, there was no evidence of statistically difference between the two groups. The average of birth weight babies born to mothers who practiced a regular exercise during pregnancy was 3,418 ± 215 grams or greater as compared (2643 ± 180 grams).It showed a significant difference in birth weight between mothers who did exercise during pregnancy than mothers from other group (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: In conclusion, the exercise during pregnancy has a positive impact on the birth weight of the babies.Thus, the authors suggest to all maternal and child health service providers to plan a pregnancy exercise program.
 
THE INFLUENCE OF DEEP BREATHING RELAXATION TECHNIQUES TO DECREASE PAIN LEVELS IN THE MOTHERS INPARTU ACTIVE PHASE OF THE FIRST STAGE AT KERTHA USADA HOSPITAL SINGARAJA
Get PDFBackground: Pain is the body's defense mechanism which is unpleasant. Deep breathing relaxation technique is one of the non-pharmacological methods to relieve the pain felt by the mother during labor.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of deep breathing relaxation techniques to decrease the level of pain in the first stage the mother inpartu active phase.
Methodology: Pre Experimental Research. The design of this study used one-group pre-testposttest design. The measurement of pain is done twice: before the experiment and after the experiment. The sampling technique in this research is total sampling method. The instrument used to measure the level of pain is a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Giving intervention such as deepbreathing relaxation techniques during the active phase of the first stage of contraction repeatedly from the start to the end of the contraction contractions performed during 10 cycles of contraction.
Results: the results of measuring the degree of pain the mother inpartu active phase of the first stage before being given a breath relaxation techniques in 30 respondents are located mainly in the category of severe pain as many as 19 people (63.30%).
Conclusion: deep breathing relaxation technique is one of the non-pharmacological techniques are most useful to treat pain by regulating the breath, with attention to respiratory expected conditions to be relaxed so that the mother can reduce pain.
 
FATHER PARTICIPATION AND ITS EFFECT ON MOTOR DEVELOPMENT OF 4 YEARS-OLD CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN
Get PDFBackground: From 2-5 years old is called the preschool years, one of child development in this main area is sensory and motor development. Father's figure has become an important resource for children under 5 year developing self regulation skills.
Aims: This study aims to know father participation of motor development for children under 5 year. Method: This is a research survey using cross sectional analysis (range spearman) with 77 respondent taken from total sampling technique. Data collection was done in one month (April-May, 2013) using questionnaires and DDST (Denver Development Screening Test).
Result: The research indicates that 82% children have normal motor development with father who participates in caring process,, whilst 50% children without father participation have an incomplete motor development. There are positive correlation between father participation and motor development for children under 5 years
Conclusion: Fathers participation is necessary for development of child's motor..
 
TREATMENT MANAGEMENT OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION AMONG FEMALE SEX WORKERS IN THE SARIREJO LOCALIZATION, SALATIGA, INDONESIA
Get PDFBackground: Salatiga Public Health Office stated that sexual infection in 2013 was 1,096 cases. While 1,085 cases were recorded between January until November 2014. The sexually transmitted infection rate in Sidorejo Lor Health Center has increased from 96 in 2013 to 133 cases in 2014. Although the screening program already exists, but in the field cases of sexually transmitted infections are continue to rise.
Aims: It aims to explore the efforts of sex workers to the sexually transmitted infection treatment, the way they do their activities without transmitting the infection to the customers, and the supports from the localization manager and medical workers for the treatment management for sexually transmitted infections of the sex workers.
Method: This research used qualitative method. The data was obtained through in-depth interview. This study involved 3 women who are positively diagnosed with sexually transmitted infection in the Sarirejo localization, Salatiga, Indonesia.
Results: The study highlights that the the sex workers who diagnosed with sexually transmitted infection seeks medical treatment from medical workers. Some drink herbs and wash their vagina with betel. During the treatment, they reduce their sex activity and always use condom. As realised the infection, they receive support from the localization manager and medical workers.
Conclusion: From this study, we noted that female sex workers who realized having sexually transmitted infections will look for either medical and traditional treatment. Support from localization manager to managing STIs are reminded to always use condoms and participated the screening by Primary Health Care officers. Regulation issued by the provider and screening participation highlighted the treatment management of sexually transmitted infection among female sex workers in Salatiga, Indonesia.