Publications of the Indonesian Scholars' Alliance
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NEEDS ASSESSMENT OF LEADERSHIP TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM: A CASE STUDY AT INDONESIA'S NATIONAL AGENCY OF POPULATION AND FAMILY PLANNING (BKKBN)
Get PDFBackground: Leadership training and development (pendidikan dan pelatihan kepemimpinan or diklat kepemimpinan, mostly known its shorten Diklatpim) has become one of the most important training for Indonesia's Civil Servants (Pegawai Negeri Sipil, or PNS), not excluded civil servants of Indonesia's National Population and Family Planning Agency (Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana Nasional, abbreviated BKKBN). This study aims to investigate the current and expected situation or condition of leadership training of BKKBN.
Methods: This is a need assessment study that used mix methods to collect data from respondents. However, this issue shows the quantitative data only. The data samples were collected from 146 alumni of Diklatpim (230 alumni from year 20015-2018). The data were analysed by descriptive statistics and Priority Needs Index (PNI).
Results: In BKKBN leadership and development training, Self-mastery has current mean score 4.09; expected mean score 4.56; PNI modified score 0.114. Diagnostic-reading has current mean score 3.97; expected mean score 4.51; PNI modified score 0.136. Innovation has current mean score 3.82; expected mean score 4.37; PNI modified score 0.144. Effective-team has current mean score 4.11; expected mean score 4.60; PNI modified score 0.119. Change-project has current mean score 4.21; expected meanscore 4.59; PNI modified score 0.092.
Conclusions: Innovation agenda has the lowest mean score, while the Change project has the highest mean score. Consequently, Innovation agenda has the highest rank in term of Priority Needs Index (PNI), while the Change project has the lowest rank. However, the ranks have no meaning that Change project is less important to be improved in the future.
Keyword: needs assessment, leadership training, leadership development, Diklatpim, family planning, health management, BKKB
IMPROVING PATIENT SAFETY AND HOSPITAL SERVICE QUALITY THROUGH ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Get PDFBackground: Examines properly implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) which associated with workflows, policies and health services in enhancing patient safety. The electronic medical records have benefit to the patients due to the efficiency in the healthcare process. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the literatures on patients safety reporting based on electronic system review and assess the implementation.
Methods: Systematic review with Prisma at the literature published between 2010 – 2019 using three large database: Proquest, Oxford Academic Journals, and Scopus. The eligible articles in this review should show an effect of patient' safety, and product quality in hospital in correlation on using EMR. It must include some effect on medication error, prescribing error, error in the use of EMR that potentially endanger patient safety.
Results:The most important function of EMR implementation is to improve patient safety in hospital and to reduce the cost. EMR reduce excess cost of Hospital Acquired Condition (HAC) by 16%, reduce death due to HAC by 34%. Doctor and nurses believe that the quality of patient data would be better by using EMR as their daily routines.
Conclusion: EMR can improve patient safety due to some skills in technology. Thus, it would not harm to the patients safety. However, the implementation of EMR requires the human skill resources in using technologies, computer and programs.
Keywords : electronic medical record, hospital, patient safety, electronic health recor
DETERMINANT OF UNWANTED PREGNANCY IN INDONESIA 2017 (A SECONDARY DATA ANALYSIS OF 2017 IDHS)
Get PDFBackground: The unwanted pregnancy will cause some problems, not only increasing the population but also affecting reproductive health among woman. The unwanted pregnancy can cause miscarriage or abortion, obstructed labour, bleeding and maternal mortality. Based on 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), the prevalence of unwanted pregnancy is 14% from total pregnancy. This number is increasing compare with Riskesdas in 2013 there was 5.8% unwanted pregnancy. This study aims to examine the determinant of unwanted pregnancy in Indonesia.
Methods: This study was a cross sectional design used secondary data analysis of 2017 IDHS. The sample of this study was woman who had aged 15-49 years old and had been pregnant in (...). Totally, 1,997 respondents were recruited in this study. The data was analyzed in univariate and bivariate analysis used Chi-square. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyzed in multivariate.
Results: The prevalence of woman who had unwanted pregnancy was 12.8% from total pregnancy. Bivariate analysis showed aged less than 20 years old and more than 35 years old, lived in rural area and had more than 3 children associated with having unwanted pregnancy. Multivariate analysis showed that respondents who had age less than 20 and more than 35 years old (p=0.0001; OR= 1.826) more likely had unwanted pregnancy.
Conclusion: This study showed that woman who had risky reproductive aged, lived in rural area and had children more than 3 were statistically significant with unwanted pregnancy. The risky reproductive aged was the most influenced factor for having unwanted pregnancy. So that, the government must support the National Population and Family Planning Board to promote the use of contraceptive among woman in reproductive aged especially in the risky reproductive aged.
 
In Vitro Inhibitory Activity of Dayak Onion (Eleutherine bulbosa Mill.) Essential Oil Against Klebsiella pneumoniae
Get PDFBackground: The cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in West Java province is still high. Klebsiella pneumoniae bacterium can produce the Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase enzyme leading to antibiotics resistant, so it is important to look for natural and inexpensive an􀦞bio􀦞c alternatives; one of which is Dayak onion plant (Eleutherine bulbosa Mill). The content found in Dayak onion is believed to inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Dayak onion essential oil on the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria.
Methods: This study was an experimental study with a post-test control group design using the culture of Klebsiella pneumoniae on the media Muller Hinton Agar in 7 groups. Groups 1 to 5 (K1 to K5) were given sequentially Dayak Onion essential oil solution in 10% DMSO solvent with concentrations of 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125%. Group 6 (K6) was positive control (+) with 5 μg Levofloxacin, and Group 7 (K7) was Negative (-) with 10% DMSO. The treatment results were measured by the diameter of the host zone and the collected data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA with appropriate Post hoc analysis.
Results: The results showed that that there are differences in each group to inhibit the growth of bacteria (p <0.005). K1 are higher than K2, K3, K4, K5, and K7 with increasing concentrations showed greater inhibi􀦞on. Levofloxacin (K6) showed the highest inhibitory power.
Conclusion: The results showed that that there are differences in each group to inhibit the growth of bacteria (p <0.005). K1 are higher than K2, K3, K4, K5, and K7 with increasing concentrations showed greater inhibition. Levofloxacin (K6) showed the highest inhibitory power.
Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Dayak onion essential oil, bacterial inhibition
Received: 26 April 2019 Reviewed: 15 June 2019 Revised: 1 July 2019 Accepted: 12 July 2019
DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-3358
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED-APPROACH ON GERD (IAGE) PROJECT IN FISHERMEN AS A MODEL OF INTERRELATION OF RESEARCH-BASED HEALTHCARE AND TEACHING
Get PDFTHE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND BEHAVIOR OF BREASTFEEDING AND INTAKE OF COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING WITH NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN AGED 6-24 MONTHS AT KESUNEAN HEALTH CENTER CIREBON
Get PDFBackground: The insufficient nutrient intake in the certain time may affect physical growth and development of children. The percentage of babies with exclusive breast feeding are only 37.3%. It is still under the national target. This research aims to examine the correlation of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of breastfeeding and intake of complementary feeding with nutritional status of children.
Methodology: This study was a cross sectional research conducted in Kesunean Health Center, Cirebon City. Totally 100 mothers of children aged 6 to 24 months was selected by consecutive sampling. The nutritional status was calculated based on weight of age whereas the predictors (knowledge, attitude, behavior) was asked by 31 questions. The statistical analysis used Spearman test.
Results: The results of this study found that knowledge (p=0.001 and r=0.561), attitude (p=0.001 and r=0.498), and behavior (p=0.001 and r=0.606) had a correlation with nutritional status in Kesunean Health Center.
Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude, and behavior of mother had correlation with nutritional status. Public health center should promote the importance of breast milk and provide the counseling to the mother.
Keywords: breastfeeding, intake of complementary feeding, nutritional status of childre
CALCULATING COLONY OF Candida spp. AMONG CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY IN CIREBON
Get PDFBackground: Children and adults with Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have decreased intestinal permeability and enzyme activity, causing gastrointestinal (GI) problems that are more frequent and more severe than in children from the general population. The immune system which is part of the intestinal barrier in children with Intellectual Disability (ID) experiences various disorders and becomes more susceptible to fungal invasion, such as Candida spp. This present studyaims to calculate the colony of Candida spp. in the digestive tract of Children with Intellectual Disability (ID) in the city of Cirebon.
Method: This is an observational study with cross-sectional design using purposive sampling. The study was conducted in November 2018-February 2019. The sample (ID) group consists of 31 individuals from Special Needs School and 60 individuals from National elementary school (non-ID) in the city of Cirebon. The inclusion criteria were children ages 6-12 years and the exclusion criteria were children under antifungal treatment and children under cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs. The fecalsamples from the ID group and non-ID were examined at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati Cirebon, Indonesia using Digital Colony counter. Collected data were stored and analyzed using computer aided Statistical program. Mann-Whitney analysis of variance techniques were used to test the hypotheses.
Results: The results showed that there are significant differences in the colonies of Candida spp. between the ID group and non-ID group. Median colony of Candida spp. in the ID group is 39.00 with mean colony of 126.90 while the median colony of non-ID group is 3.00 with mean colony of 40.93(p<0.001).
Conclusion: There are significant differences between the Candida spp. colonies in the ID group with the non-ID.
Keywords: Intellectual Disability (ID), Candida spp., Gastrointestina
POTENTIAL OF HERBAL PLANTS AS ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY: A REVIEW
Get PDFBackground: Hypertension has become a significant health problem in the world which the sufferer increases every year. Herbal treatment for lowering blood pressure that has been widely used in many countries shows the potential as an anti-hypertensive. This study aims to provide an overview of the herbs that have the effect of lowering blood pressures as the treatment of hypertension.
Methods: This study used a systematic review based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyses) protocol as a writing guideline. Electronic databases used in this study were Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Only articles using interventions research design and containing full text both in English and Indonesian language were included in this study.
Results: Of 207 articles recorded in the searching literature, only fourteen articles were included in this study. Study found that herbs which had the effect as antihypertensive therapy were Apium graviolens, Allium sativum, Centella asiatica, Orthosiphon stamineus benth, Beta vulgaris, and Vitis vinifera. The main components of those herbs consisted of n-butylphthalide, apigenin, potassium, flavonoids, triterpenoid, polysulfide, sinensetin, nitrate, and polyphenols.
Conclusions: Many herbal plants found potentially lowering the blood pressures and considered as complementary treatment without any side effects. Further research is still needed on the effects of herbs in lowering the blood pressure to the human subject and its reversible effects, as well as the safety of herbs to human health when it is used for a long time.
Keywords: Herbs, blood pressure, antihypertensive therap
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGE, GENDER, AND BODY MASS INDEX TO THE PREVALENCE OF FLATFOOT IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN LAWEYAN
Get PDFBackground: Flatfoot is is a postural deformity relating to the collapse or flattening of the medial longitudinal arch. It often appears with symptoms and varying degrees of deformity and disability. Flatfoot can be influenced by two factors; internal and external factors. The purpose of this study is to estimate the correlation between age, sex and body mass index (BMI) with the prevalence of flatfoot in primary school children in Laweyan.
Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with cross sectional approach. A sample of 285 subjects was obtained through the sample size calculation with the research formula for the proportion of one group. The subjects were 68 students of SDIT Insan Mulia and 217 students of SDIT Nur Hidayah which obtained by stratified random sampling. Inked foot print test and Chippaux Smirak Index were used to identify the flatfoot.
Result: There were 172 people (60.4%) experienced flatfoot with the highest number at age 7 years (67.9%) and there was no association between age and flatfoot (p>0.05). The prevalence of flatfoot was higher in male than female and 78.7% of obese children had flatfoot with p<0.05. The prevalence of flatfoot grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 were 82%, 11%, and 6,4% respectively.
Conclusion: There was correlation between gender and BMI with flatfoot, but there was no correlation between age and flatfoot. The association between flatfoot and BMI does not mean BMI is a contributing factor to the occurrence of flatfott in children.
Keywords: Age, gender, BMI, flatfoo
FACTORS RELATED TO PENDING CLAIM IN INDONESIAN NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE (JKN): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Get PDFBackground: The number of Indonesian National Health Insurance (JKN) member is increasing every year. It is bringing impact to the hospital and Social Security Organizing Agency (BPJS) of health. The hospital finances will face problem if BPJS of health pending or giving a smaller number of claims paid to the hospital. The hospital will get problem with employee payroll, payment of specialist medical services, drugs availability, and maintenance of hospital facilities and medical equipment. This study aims to analyze factors related to pending BPJS claim in Indonesian National Health Insurance.
Methods: This study was a systematic review used PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Data obtained from journal database of Google Scholar that published between 2014-2019. The relevant studies must include factors related to pending claim in JKN.
Results: The search found out 217 studies, of which 84 studies used English and Indonesia language and only 5 studies that eligible for this study. The 5 studies showed factors related to pending claim in JKN were human resources, administration, regulation, facilities, external and evaluation factors. Human resources factor more likely appeared as cause for pending BPJS claim.
Conclusion: Factors related to pending claim in JKN were human resources, administration, regulation, facilities, external and evaluation factors. Human resources was the factor that most influenced for pending BPJS claim. The hospital must create strategies to overcome the factors that cause pending claim. The government should create a policy that can help BPJS of health overcome the deficit and protect the patients from facing decrease in the quality of hospital services.
Keywords: Pending claim, BPJS, National Health Insurance (JKN