Publications of the Indonesian Scholars' Alliance
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THE CHILD'S DENTAL TREATMENT WITH SEDATION: REASONS, DENTAL TREATMENT NEEDS, MEDICAL CONDITION, AND HISTORY OF DENTAL ANXIETY AMONG CHILDREN IN YARSI DENTAL HOSPITAL
Get PDFIntroduction: The prevention and treatment of oral diseases in childhood and adolescence as the basis for good oral health throughout life is the aim of pediatric dentistry. The ability to care for the segment of the pediatric patients with fear and anxiety of dental treatment also with the medically compromised condition has become an important component of dental practice. Therefore, a need does exist for sedation services within the dentistry field. This study aimed to determine the reasons, dental treatment needs, medical condition, and history of dental anxiety in the analyzed group of pediatric patients.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from medical records data conducted by YARSI Dental Hospital from March to April 2019. About 30 data were eligible for this analysis. The dependent variable in this study was dental treatment with sedation. Independent variables consisted of reasons, dental treatment needs, medical condition, and history of dental anxiety. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis.
Results: In this study, there were 21 children (70%) doing dental treatment with sedation because of the need for dental treatment and intervention reason. There was statistically significant interaction between reason and dental treatment with sedation with p-value = 0.023 < 0.05. Another finding, children with a history of dental anxiety were more likely to use dental treatment with sedation (43.3%). With p-value 0.935 > 0.05 there was no statistically significant interaction between the history of dental anxiety with dental treatment with sedation. This study also did not reveal a statistically significant correlation between the following variables: dental treatment needs (p=0.128) as well as children's medical condition (p=0,091).
Conclusions: Most of the correspondents were non-medically compromised children with a history of dental anxiety. The reasons they came to YARSI dental hospital were because of the need for dental treatment and intervention reason. Conservation was the most needed dental treatment. Of the 4 (four) variables studied, the highest influence was the relationship between reason with dental treatment with sedation.
Keywords: pediatric, dental, sedatio
NURSING IMPLEMENTATION IN CONTROLONG COGNITIVE AND PSYCHOMOTOR CAPABILITIES OF HALLUCINATORY PATIENTS IN KALAWA ATEI MENTAL HOSPITAL OF PALANGKA RAYA
Get PDFBackground: Hallucination is one of the symptoms of mental disorders in individuals that are characterized by sensory changes in perception, feeling a false sensory in the form of sound, vision, taste, touch and smell that is felt by the patient, but actually nothing. Hallucinatory can affect to the patient behaviors and sometime can endanger others. By implementing nursing of cognitive abilities and psychomotor abilities be expected to control hallucinatory among patients. This study aims to determine the implementation of cognitive abilities and psychomotor abilities in controlling hallucinatory in Atei Kalawa Menta Hospital, Palangkaraya.
Methods: This study was a quantitative study. There were 32 respondents that recruited in this study used purposive sampling methods. The inclusion criteria for this study were patients in Atei Kalawa Mental Hospital who had aged 20-56 and dignosed for schizophrenia. The univariate analysis was used to describe the descriptive statistic.
Results: Implementing cognitive and psychomotor abilities towards patients with hallucinatory can decrease the hallucinatory among 17 patients (53.1%) and improve the ability from 19 patients (59.4%) to communicate with others, to do schedule activities, and to follow the medication.
Conclusion: By implementing cognitive and psychomotor towards patients who had hallucinatory can bring positive impact in their treatment. It is recommended for health providers to implementing cognitive and psychomotor towards patients who faced hallucinatory.
Keywords: Hallucinations, cognitive abilities, psychomotor abilitie
EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND TECHNOLOGY ON WASTEWATER TREATMENT EMPHASIZING ON HEALTH ISSUE
Get PDFBackground: Wastewater and sludge have huge pathogenic substances. So far, various physical and chemical processes have been used for disinfection, including chlorination, ozone and ultraviolet radiation. The use of this type of disinfectants is currently decreasing due to the hazards that they pose such as byproducts of disinfection, including carcinogenic Trihalomethanes. Nowadays, researchers have begun to use other processes that create less risks such as ultrasound technology. Ultrasoundwaves by breaking the cell wall causes reducing pathogenic populations and eliminating the risk of disinfection byproducts and are one of the newest methods for disinfection in water and wastewater treatment plants. For physical, chemical and biological effects of ultrasound waves on plants, ultrasound radiation results in the rotational movement of the protoplasm in individual cells and affects the growth rate of plants. In humans, the hypothesis is that exposure to ultrasound causes subsequent electrolytic balance changes in the nerve tissue and increases blood glucose levels. Ultrasound waves cause bacterial colony damage and thinning of the cell wall and the release of the cytoplasmic membrane. Mechanical effects of ultrasound waves can be used for water and wastewater disinfection.
Methods: This research is a descriptive-analytic study that was carried out in a batch experiment. The goal of this research is to investigate the effect of ultrasonic waves on disinfection in South Tehran wastewater treatment plant.
Results: The results showed that by increasing the time and density of the ultrasound, the rate of removal of E.coli increased. Also, the optimal sonification time was 30 minutes and the optimal ultrasound density was 2.5 watts per milliliter at a frequency of 20 kHz. E.coli removal rate in these conditions was more than 99%.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the use of ultrasound waves has a significant effect on the elimination capacity of Escherichia coli and can be used as an appropriate alternative for stabilization and disinfection in wastewater treatment plants.
Keywords: Ultrasound, Health, Wastewater, Treatment, Cavitatio
ANALYSIS OF PROVIDER-INITIATED HIV TESTING AND COUNSELING IN TUBERCULOSIS PATIENT AT A PRIVATE HOSPITAL IN JAKARTA
Get PDFBackground: Stigma, lack of knowledge about HIV risks to oneself, openness, limited access to health services and aspects of gender inequality are determinants that influence the willingness to take HIV tests in the context of VCT. However, studies in the context of PITC have not been widely publicized in Indonesia, particularly studies in private hospitals. Analysis related to the reason that influence the willingness of health workers to carry out PITC in TB patients is important to do. The purpose of this study is to analyze the reason that influence the willingness of health workers to carry out PITC in TB patients.
Methods: This study is a quantitative study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at a private hospital in Jakarta. The sampling technique used total sampling techniques, where the entire population was sampled. the research sample obtained is 30 doctors who have TB patients in the private hospital during March to April 2019.
Results: The majority of doctors (46.7%) were sometimes willing to do the PITC in TB patients. The proportion of doctors who are always willing to do the PITC in TB patients is still low at 20%. On the other hand, there were 33.3% doctors were never willing to do the PITC on TB patients. The reason that influences the doctor's willingness to do PITC on TB patients is the possibility to explain (66.7%), automatically as requested in the rules (20,0%) and the severity of the TB case (13,3%).
Conclusions: The biggest reason that influences the doctor's willingness to do PITC on TB patients is the possibility to explain. Doctors are often difficult to explain the importance of HIV testing for TB patients due to the thick negative stigma associated with HIV testing. the government should encourage socialization regarding the importance of HIV testing for both TB patients and high-risk HIV groups. The key challenge to improving health care delivery is to improve the implementation and monitoring of effective interventions
ADDRESSING GENDER INEQUALITY TO IMPROVE MATERNAL HEALTH IN INDONESIA: A NARRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW
Get PDFIntroduction: High maternal mortality ratio (MMR) remains a pressing public health issue in Indonesia. Despite many studies have been conducted to identify the associated factors from medical and sociocultural perspectives, fewer studies and discussion appeared to focus on another social dimension such as gender norms, which is not explored deeply in the context of Indonesia. Aims: This paper aimed to discuss how gender inequality affects maternal health in Indonesia and practical strategies needed to address gender inequality in improving maternal health outcomes in Indonesia.
Methods: This was a narrative literature review, based on several types of documents: research article, literature review, systematic review, books, and reports from institutions. Those would be reviewed and adjusted with the context of Indonesia in terms of how gender inequality affects maternal health, followed by the synthesis of argumentative ideas related to the practical strategies needed to address this issue.
Results: The well-maintained patriarchal system and gender norms in Indonesia leads to gender inequality as one of the social factors contributing to maternal health outcomes. Gender inequality works to influence maternal health outcomes through structural and individual level factors, in which, influence women's power and ability in the decision-making process and impact on women's demand for maternal health service utilization. In addition, implemented maternal health programmes have not fully addressed gender inequality in Indonesia so far.
Conclusion: To address gender inequality in order to improve maternal health, some strategies are suggested, such as women empowerment, men engagement to be supportive, and strengthening the protection of women's reproductive rights.
Keywords: gender inequality, maternal health, maternal mortality ratio, patriarchy, Indonesi
THE CORRELATION OF ANXIETY IN DEALING WITH OBJECTIVE STUDENT ORAL CASE ANALYSIS (OSOCA) EXAMINATION ON THE CASE OF FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA IN THE FIRST SEMESTER MEDICAL STUDENTS
Get PDFBackground: Anxiety is a psychological reaction caused by a variety of factors, one of which is when a student has an examination. Objective Student Oral Case Analysis (OSOCA) is one of the examinations that is a main indicator of learning achievements of medical students in the faculty of medicine. Anxiety can cause a variety of other health problems, such as functional dyspepsia. This study aims to analyze the correlation of anxiety in dealing with objective student oral case analysis (OSOCA) examination and the cases of functional dyspepsia in the first semester medical students.
Methods: This research was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 132 medical students were recruited as respondents. Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS) questionnaire was used to asses anxiety and a questionnaire based on Rome III criteria that was previously validated was used to measure functional dyspepsia. The data were analyzed using Spearman correlation test and prevalence ratio was determined.
Results: The result based on Spearman correlation test showed significant weak positive correlation between anxiety and functional dyspepsia with r=0,295 (p=0,001). Student with moderate anxiety scales have 5 times greater risk of functional dyspepsia than student who have mild anxiety scales (PR=5,300).
Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between anxiety and functional dyspepsia. Students with moderate anxiety scales have 5 times greater risk of functional dyspepsia than students who have mild anxiety scales.
Keywords: Anxiety Scale, Functional dyspepsia, OSOCA
PATIENTS SAFETY CULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN JAMBI PUBLIC HOSPITAL
Get PDFBackground: Patient safety is a serious issue in a healthcare organization. Building a patient safety culture is the first step in the improvement of safety. As patient safety culture is an inherent component of organizational culture; therefore, a study of organizational culture is required to develop it. This study aims to analyze the patient safety culture and identify the profile of the organizational culture in the hospital to find strategies to improve the patient safety culture.
Methods: This study was used the quantitative study using a cross-sectional research method, followed by a qualitative method to get descriptive information. This research conducted in Jambi Public Hospital, Indonesia with 128 respondents. Data were obtained from a survey by the HSOPSC (Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture) questionnaire and OCAI (Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument. Focus Group Discussion was conducted to identify obstacles and expectations in the implementation of patient safety culture.
Results: The highest positive perceptions are organizational learning and continuous improvement (90.6%) and teamwork within units (78.91%). While "staffing" (39.25) and "non-punitive responses to errors" (38.54 %) are the weakest dimension of patient safety. The most dominant type of organizational culture, followed by a hierarchy with a minimal score difference. This cultural assessment serves as a guide for changes with a quality strategy of clan culture and hierarchy culture were decided in the development of patients safety culture in this hospital.
Conclusion: The patient safety culture belongs to the moderate culture category, the reporting culture dimension is the weakest. A management's commitment and staff empowerment, as well as system development, are all needed on the development of a patient safety culture. Further research is required to investigate various factors to develop the reporting culture.
Keywords: Patient Safety Culture, Organizational Culture, Hospita
THE EFFECT OF MUSIC THERAPY FOR PREGNANT WOMEN : A LITERATURE REVIEW
Get PDFBackground: Psychological problems among pregnant women such as anxiety and depression potentially have an impact on the fetus and are associated with a risk of preeclampsia. One of therapy to decrease psychological problems during pregnancy is music therapy. The aim of this study was to identify and summarize the benefits of music therapy for decreased psychological problems among pregnant women.
Methods: This was a literature review using several documents obtained from some databases, including Science Direct, Pubmed, Proquest, Taylor and Francis, Garuda Ristekdikti and Google Scholar. The literature search was conducted using keywords "music therapy in pregnant women” and literature published from 2008 to 2019 were selected.
Results: Out of 263 published literature identified, only 10 were included in this literature review. The music therapy was observed with positive impacts on pregnant women. Music therapy serves as relaxation for pregnant women which helps reduce anxiety, depression, blood pressure, and psychological stress.
Conclusion: Music therapy has several benefits for pregnant women's health, particularly on reducing psychological problems and blood pressure.
Keywords: Music Therapy, Anxiety, Blood Pressure, Pregnant Wome
COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (CAM) IN THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOR PAIN: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Get PDFBackground: Excessive pain in labor leads to the side effects on the maternal and neonatal health. Many strategies for labor pain management have been studied, including complementary therapies, yet the comparison of the effectiveness among them needs to be explored more. This study aims to analyze he effectiveness of complementary therapies to reduce pain in the first stage of labor.
Methods: This was a literature review using electronic databases from Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCOhost and text books. The keywords of searching literature were ‘complementary therapy', ‘pain', and ‘first stage labor'. All articles reviewed in this study were written in English and Indonesian language with the published year 2010 until 2018.
Results: In total, there were 44 out of 232 publications included in this study. Complementary therapies that can be used to reduce first-stage labor pain were aromatherapy, acupressure, and hypnotherapy. Using lavender aromatherapy, pressing the point of L14, SP6, BL32 as well as the use of hypnobirthing showed significant influence in reducing the pain at the first stage of labor among pregnant women.
Conclusion: Acupressure is more effective in reducing the pain at the first stage of labor than other alternative techniques. In order to effectively manage the pain at the first stage of labor, a combination of complementary therapies and pharmacological treatment is needed.
Keywords: complementary and alternatives medicine, first stage labor pai
KARUNGUT MUSIC REDUCES ANXIETY OF ADOLESCENT PREGNANT MOTHER
Get PDFBackground: Adolescent pregnancy is being a problem in Indonesia. Adolescent pregnancy can bring problem not only to the baby's health but also the mother's health as well. It can cause problem in society too. The pressure from family and society towards adolescent who got pregnant, especially if they get pregnant without marriage can lead the mother to face anxiety during the pregnancy. The anxiety during pregnancy can bring negative impact to the baby and mother. This study aims to determine the effect of Karungut music to the anxiety level among pregnant adolescent in Kapuas Regency, Indonesia.
Methods: This study was an analytical study with a quasi-experimental. Totally 60 respondents were recruited in this study used simple random sampling. 30 respondents were chosen to be experimental group meanwhile the rest as control group. The data was analyzed in univariate and bivariate analysis. binary logistic regression was used to analyze in multivariate level.
Results: Majority of the respondents in this study were did the Antenatal Care regularly (55%), had high motivation for pregnant (51.7%), got families support (71.7%) but not from the health workers (83.3%). The multivariate analysis showed that heard Karungut music can reduce the anxiety level among pregnant adolescent (OR= 3.33) after controlling other variables.
Conclusion: Listening Karungut music during pregnancy can reduce the anxiety among pregnant woman. It can be considered as an alternative way to improve the health status among pregnant adolescent by reducing one of risk factor that can affect to the pregnancy. Supporting from family and health workers also important during pregnancy to reduce the anxiety.
Keywords: Anxious, Music Karungut, Pregnant Adolescen