International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability
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Assessment of Some Physical and Chemical properties of Soils at Kwa Village, Dawakin Tofa, Kano State
Get PDFThe function of soil is to sustainably support crop growth and development. Its assessment has been due to its variability in time and space. Farmers often depend on soil to produce food, fiber and fodder in most developing countries including Nigeria. Therefore, the study was carried out to determine some physical and chemical qualities of soil. A stratified random sampling technique was employed to collect soil sample from 10 points at the depth of 0- 30cm. Both soil physical and chemical analysis were carried out using standard methods. The results showed that the soil were predominantly sandy loam, with low bulk density (1.28g/cm3) and low water holding capacity (<15%). The soil were slightly acidic (4.7) and electrical conductivity range from (19.05-110 microsm-1), organic carbon and total Nitrogen were generally low (0.66%) and (0.08%) respectively. While cation exchange capacity was rated moderate (11.4%). Available phosphorus, magnesium, and Calcium were rated low (<10, 1.0, 2.0, and 0.5cmol/kg). But potassium appeared to be moderate and sodium was considered high. The study area has sufficient level of Cu (10.9mg/kg), Zn (14.1mg/kg), but insufficient level of Manganese (0.86mg/kg) and Fe was rated to be moderate (67.8mg/kg). The result revealed that, the study area is generally low in soil fertility and under this situation; crop yield and sustainability of production will decline. It is recommended that oriented techniques toward sustainability should be incorporated and these techniques should include application of organic and inorganic fertilizers, mulching, cover crop, and return of residues among others
A framework for Development of Agricultural Automated Information System
Get PDFInformation dissemination in the Agricultural sector is usually done through broadcast media (Television and Radio), newspapers, magazines, pamphlet, individuals, gatherings, and seminars. Also records of farmer are collected manually using printable forms and complaints are tabled through extension workers. The main objective of this paper is to design a framework for Development of Agricultural Automated Information System for Computer Based Information system in Agricultural sector in Nigeria. The framework can be used for the design of algorithm that describes how to solve the problem of a lack of appropriate and easily accessible agricultural information and provide proper means of interaction between the farmers and governmen
Groundwater Quality Assessment and its Suitability for Drinking Purposes in Nasarawa Area, Kano State, Nigeria
Get PDFGroundwater serves as a source of freshwater for different purposes including drinking, domestic, agricultural and industrial. The quality and suitability of groundwater of some selected boreholes for drinking purposes in Nasarawa local government area Kano state was assessed. Five sample locations were considered in this study. These are Badawa, Wurro Bagga, Kawon maigari, Ring road bye pass and Bakin tasha yankaba. Water samples were collected in a clean plastic bottles. Descriptive statistics of minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviation were used. The result obtained revealed that all studied parameters pH, EC, T, TDS, Cl¯, TH, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn concentration found to be within the maximum permissible limit recommended by WHO 2011, with mean value of 7.06±0.18, 778.60±191.75, 27.3±0.30, 402.20±97.86, 151.57±59.69, 120.8±35.56, 0.108±0.056, 0.254±0.119, 0.215±0.103 and 0.12±0.06 found within the permissible limit recommended by WHO 2008 and NSDWQ 2007 for drinking water except Pb, Cd, Cr and Mg exceeded the stipulated limit for drinking water set by WHO 2011 with the mean value of 0.113±0.066, 0.125±0.050, 0.275±0.163 and 1.04±0.38 respectively. DWQI result indicated that the quality of groundwater sampled is poor. It is concluded that the water required further treatment before consumption. It is further recommended that domestic waste, industrial effluents, landfill leachates and septic tanks that contribute to the contamination of groundwater should be properly control and manage in order to safeguard the quality of groundwater for human consumption
Experimental Performance Evaluation Of Encryption Algorithms For Securing User Data In Cloud Computing
Get PDFAs cloud computing is a new area for research and development and also a utility where services can be remotely purchased and users can store their data in the cloud to enjoy on demand high quality applications and services from a shared pool of configurable computing resources available through which service providers offers customers management functionalities as well as the expensive hardware. Data privacy is the major security determinant and a factor that needs to be given more concern since un- trusted server is dangerous and unsafe for the users. Therefore, this research work gives concern to the security elements in cloud environment and suggests techniques to mitigate the security issues of the cloud by providing flexible access through encryption using the RSA, DES, AES and Blowfish algorithms
Comparative Analysis of Antibacterial Activity between Annona Senegalensis and Cassia Singueana Root Extracts Against Proteus Mirabilis
Get PDFMedicinal plants are traditionally used in the treatment of human infections. The present study was carried out to compare the potential of Annona senegalensis and Cassia singueana root extracts against Proteus mirabilis related infections. The crude methanol root extracts were subjected to disc diffusion method to determine the activity of the crude methanol extracts. The methanol extracts of the two medicinal plants were further fractionated using solvents of different polarity (n-Hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol). The fractions were further subjected to antibacterial activity using same disc diffusion method in which Cassia singueanae thylacetate fraction prove to be the most active fraction, and no activity was observed in n- hexane fraction of the two extract
Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) of Trees for Climate Change Mitigation in Madaroumfa Village of Niger Republic
Get PDFClimate change has numerous impacts on biodiversity at all levels of the ecosystem. It has been shown that adaptive management unlike most conventional reforestation projects typically based on ideas developed in the western world are the most effective ways of managing climate change in Niger Republic. The study is aimed at assessing Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) for climate change mitigation in Madaroumfa Village of Niger Republic. Semi structured interview was used to elicit infromation from a total of 70 respondents FMNR practising farmers in the study area. Findings of the study found that majority of the participants (94%) practice FMNR and raised over 90 plant species in two years. The species mostly raised include Fadherbia albida, Magnifera indica, Combretum glutinosum, Acacia camphylacantha, Ficus thonningii, Azadiracht indica, Adansonia digitata, Butyrespermun parkii, Moringa oleifera, Parkia biglobosa, Acacia nilotica, Proposis Africana, Jathropha curcas. On the local knowledge of climate change, 45 respondents are aware that the phenomenon is real and has certainly affected their area. Also, the farmers believed that FMNR has the propensity of mitigating climate change in the area. The study therefore recommended that such local techniques should be promoted through community-based approach and grass root education
Experimental Design and Implementation of AC – DC Handset Travel Charger
Get PDFHandset charger is device which charges a cellphone from an available direct current (DC) source. Moreover, a DC cellphone charger forms as an integral part of a cellphone package which is being used in conjunctions with san alternating current (AC) power supply. A simple off-line fly back switch mode buck converter charger is designed and implemented to charge cell phone from an AC source. The circuit is targeted to operate on universal input voltage range of 85 to 265 V AC. Minimizing cost and size, the circuit was designed to operate on a high frequency transformer. The design was first conducted on MULTISIM software to ascertain its working conditions before the construction procedure. Tools and materials were chosen based on their simplicity and availability in most of our local electronics shops. The charger was tested on different cell phones and found working satisfactory. The performance analysis shows that its power rating is about 4 watts
Production of Biochar from Selected Plant Residues and the Effects of its Application on the Growth of Mansonia altissima (A. Chev.) A. Chev-FWTA Seedlings
Get PDFBiochar is a fine-grained charcoal high in organic carbon and largely resistant to decomposition, it is produced from pyrolysis of plant and waste feedstock. The study is aimed at producing biochars from selected plant residues and to assess the effects of its application on the growth of Mansonia altissima seedlings. Three plants residues were used to make biochar, which were bamboo, cassava peel and weeds, and they were grounded into powdery form, mixed with topsoil and degraded soil. The experiment was made up of four treatments, 2kg of topsoil (T0, control), 50g of biochar made of weeds + 2kg of degraded soil (T1), 50g of biochar from cassava peel + 2kg of degraded soil (T2), 50g of biochar made of bamboo + 2kg of degraded soil (T3). The data collected was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result obtained showed that T2 performed best in height with a value of 23.4cm, while T0 had the least performance in height with a value of 13.88cm. T2 performed best witha value of 6.8mm, while T0 had the least performance in stem diameter with a value of 4.8mm. T2 also performed best in terms of leaf production with a value of 10.2 while T1had the least performance with a value of 8.8. The ANOVA result showed that there were no significant differences among the treatments at 5% level of probability. It can be concluded that biochar made from cassava peel, produce healthy seedlings in a short period of time
Morphological Characterization of Tomato Genotypes (Solanum lycopersicum L)
Get PDFTomato belongs to the family Solanacae, grown worldwide for its edible fruits, ranging in different shapes and sizes, and colours from red to green and black among others. Tomato is grown mostly in the Northern part of Nigeria during dry seasons under irrigation. Tomato is one of the major components of food in Nigeria. The research aim at identifying the genetic diversity among tomato genotypes with view in finding the evolutionary relationship among the selected tomato genotypes. Tomato genotypes seeds which includes landraces and accessions were used for the study. The genetic diversity studies were done using International Plant and Genetic Resource Institute (IPGRI) the descriptors of tomato protocols and manuals. However, the fruit shelf life was also been evaluated in the study. Two growth patterns (determinate and indeterminate) were identified among the genotypes evaluated. Potato leaf type is the dominant leaf shape among the genotypes of study. Different fruit shapes such as oblong, pyriform, rounded were identified among others. Some of the landraces shows short shelf shelves. In conclusion, the research identified the variations and distinctiveness of tomato genotypes grown in Sokoto agro-climatic zone of Nigeria and identified some genotypes with long shelve life. This could be used as a tool in cultivating tomato with high resilience of storage
Larvicidal Effects of Eucalyptus and Tamarind Methanolic Leaves Extracts Against anopheles gambiae Complex
Get PDFSynthesis of Natural insecticides from plant origin against mosquito vectors have been the main concern for research due to their high level of eco-safety. Controls of mosquitoes in their larval stages are an ideal method. The present study was specifically conducted to compare the larvicidal efficacy of methanolic leaves extract of tamarind and eucalyptus against Anopheles gambiae complex. Probit analysis reveals the differential pattern of mortality among the studied plants with tamarind having the highest number of mortality recorded (LC50 246.275 µg/ml and LC90 1937.015 µg/ml).This result showed that it has the least concentration to kill 50% and 90% of the larvae while eucalyptus has the highest concentration ( LC50 430.828 µg/ml and LC90 2284.741 µg/ml) to kill the 50% and 90% of the larvae within 24 hours of exposure. However, the result shows that mortality increases with prolong exposure time. Therefore, results suggested that extract of the two plants possess significant larvicidal activity and might be considered natural source for production larvicides