International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability
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Mathematical Comparative study of Nigeria’s Northern and Southern Population Growth for Equitable Resource Allocation and Holistic National Development
Get PDFNigeria is one of the developing countries having a humongous population growth. Knowing the population size and growth of her geopolitical zones are becoming importance especially to government as size of a population is good parameter for economic development. The aim of this study is to compare the Nigeria’s Northern and Southern population growth for equitable revenue allocation and holistic national development. To achieve this, helpful mathematical models such as Malthusian and Geometric are used to predict each zone. And the results of these models are validated using mathematical model called Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Analysis revealed that Northern population is better predicted using exponential growth model and population is estimated to be 131062796 in 2022 with the growth rate 3.67%. On the other hand, Geometric model predicts Southern population better, with the estimate population 110779180 in 2022 and the growth rate of 3.2%
Modelling the Role of Super-Spreaders on the Dynamic of Rumor
Get PDFIn this study a variant of the model of Borge-Holthoefer et al (2012) on rumor dynamics is formulated, we investigated that two equilibria of the model exist namely: rumor-free equilibrium (RFE) and endemic (rumor) equilibrium. Using the next-generation matrix, we computed the rumor reproduction potential ( ). The local stability analysis of rumor-free equilibrium was done in terms of . Numerical simulation shows that rumors can spread if certain parameters are not reduced. 
In vivo Anti-trypanosomal activity of aqueous extract of Ipomea batatas leaves
Get PDFThe potential of an aqueous extract of Ipomea batatas leaves to exhibit anti-trypanosomal action in vivo was studied. Rats infected with 104Trypanosoma brucei brucei/ml were treated experimentally with extract at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight beginning on day 5 after infection. At the end of the study period, on day ten post-infection, the treated rats showed little parasitaemia. The extract exhibited inhibitory activity of 89.29 and 95.53% at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight respectively. The study findings indicate that leaf extract has dose-dependent anti-trypanosomal efficacy
Justicia Carnea Dyes: Extraction, Characterization, Application and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity on Cotton Fabric
Get PDFThis study aims at extracting natural dyes from fresh and dried leaves of Justicia carnea. Application of the aqueous extracts of these leaves on fabrics with mordants (cobalt chloride and lime) and without mordants at a dyeing temperature of 800 C was carried out using pre-mordanting, simultaneous- mordanting and post- mordanting processes. The extracts show a good antimicrobial activity to bacteria and fungi. The improvement in fastness properties of the dyed cotton fabrics to rubbing and perspiration showed that mordants as well as mordanting methods have influence on colour efficiency. The FTIR and UV spectroscopy analysis of the dyes revealed some important peaks and functional groups related to colour formation. The phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones, steroids and phenols in the fresh and dried samples. This research work reported a successful extraction of ecofriendly dyes from Justicia carnea that can meet the current yearning for industrial development in the developing countries of the world where biosources materials from nature abounds in large quantities
An Epidemiological Model on the Impact of Relapse in Patients With chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection, using Treatment Strategies as Control
Get PDFThe Impact of Relapse in Patients With chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection, using Treatment Strategies as Control is analyzed. The reproduction number is computed from which threshold ratios are obtained. Sensitivity indices of the effective reproduction number, establishes that, the transmission rate championed the disease outbreak. Numerical experiments were carried out using MATLAB program, the result uncovers that ineffective treatment slows down the capability of recovery from the disease and should be avoided to reduce the consequences of drug resistance. On the other hand, people that have adopted effective treatment strategies have shown greater potentials for recuperation from the infection. Also, new drugs with low resistance should be given, that will help to reduce the risk of relapse. Hence, compliance to highly effective treatment strategy is needed to control relapse in patients with persistent HBV infection
A Study on Modification of Kumaraswamy Distribution Using Generalized Family of Distributions
Get PDFThis research present new univariate continuous probability distribution based on the New Kumaraswamy-G family the new distribution, termed New Kumaraswamy-Kumaraswamy distribution (NKw-Kw). This distribution is bounded within the unit interval (0, 1) which could be employed to effectively handle large datasets that exhibit asymmetric or skewed characteristics, as well as those with non-monotonic hazard rate functions as against the classical Kumaraswamy distribution. Several properties of the NKw-Kw distribution was derived. Additionally, a Monte Carlo simulation in three different scenarios was used to assess the model parameters using maximum likelihood estimation. From the goodness of fit analysis, it shows that this model has the lowest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) compared to existing Kumaraswamy models, and it was observed that as the sample size increases, AIC values decreases which indicate the ability of Nkw-Kw model to handled complex datasets
Local Rice Consumption and the Risk of Developing Insulin Resistance in Wistar Albino Rats
Get PDFRice consumption, particularly of highly processed white rice (WR), has been associated with increased risk of insulin resistance (IR). This study aimed to compare the impact of consuming WR versus brown rice (BR) from five common local rice varieties in Nigeria on the development of IR using a Wistar albino rat model. Five local rice cultivars (Jamila, Kwandala, MBC, Yarkatabore, Farar jalof) were collected, with one set kept unpolished (BR) and the other polished (WR). Proximate analysis and quantification of bioactive compounds (total phenols, flavonoids) were performed. Wistar albino rats were fed either a normal diet, high-fat diet, or diets containing 100% BR or WR for 12 weeks. Body weight, fasting blood glucose, glycogen, triglycerides were assessed. BR varieties had higher protein, fiber, and carbohydrate content compared to WR. BR also exhibited significantly greater total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Rats fed BR showed no significant weight gain (p<0.05), while some WR groups gained weight. Fasting blood glucose was elevated in WR groups versus control and BR groups. Blood glycogen was lower, and triglycerides higher, in certain WR groups. Consumption of BR varieties may confer protective effects against IR compared to WR in this rat model. These findings highlight the potential metabolic health benefits of incorporating local BR varieties into the diet to mitigate development of chronic disorders
Facial Recognition for Attendance Monitoring – A Prototype
Get PDFAll Educational Institutions prioritize student attendance and Baze University is certainly one to uphold the standard. All students are required to maintain a minimum attendance rate of at least 75% in each class or lecture to be eligible to take the module's examination. With the advancement of technology, biometrics concepts have proven to be more efficient in monitoring attendance. We present a facial recognition-based prototype webapp for Baze university. This webapp aims to eradicate the cumbersome method of marking attendance that lecturers of Baze University have subscribed to. The main focus is the use of facial recognition techniques using the Dlib library of OpenCV. Images are read and stored in a database, compared with images captured from a webcam to analyze and record the best matches using nearest neighbor algorithm
MHD Inclination Effects on Unsteady Basic Gaseous Micro-Flow Past on Sinusoidally Moving Horizontal Plate
Get PDFThis study investigates the impact of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) inclination on unsteady gaseous micro-flow past a sinusoidally moving horizontal plate in the slip flow regime. The exact solution of the momentum equation with the corresponding boundary conditions and the expression for skin friction are obtained and solved analytically. The effects of varying magnetic field inclinations, phase angle, Hartman number, driving force frequency, and Knudsen number have been considered. Numerical and graphical simulations show that MHD inclination significantly influences flow behavior, leading to velocity reductions and fluid friction enhancements. The findings of this research have important implications for designing and optimizing micro-scale devices, such as micro-pumps, micro-heat exchangers, and micro-valves, in engineering applications
Enhancing Thermophoresis Effect on Time-Dependent Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Oscillatory Boundary Layer Flow Occupied with Nanoparticles
Get PDFThis paper describes the impact of thermophoresis parameter on the heat and mass transfer of a nanofluid flow past a semi-infinite flat plate in a rotating system, considering unsteady magneto hydrodynamics (MHD) and free convection. A significant contribution of this research is the derivation of closed-form analytic solutions for the momentum, energy and concentration equations. The research explores the effect of various parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration distribution of the nanofluid, as well as the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number. Different types of nanoparticles are considered, and the findings are presented through graphs and tables. This model has practical applications in the fields of data storage, biomedicine, and resonance imaging. In addition, graphical comparison between Narayana and Venkateswarlu (2016) with the present work demonstrate an excellent relationship, thereby affirming the accuracy and precision of this present analysis