International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability
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Eagle Plantar Pododermatitis: A Surgical Case Report and Management Approach
Get PDFPlantar pododermatitis, also known as bumblefoot, is an inflammatory condition frequently associated with infection, impacting the plantar surface of the foot, including the ball or toes. This report details a case of plantar pododermatitis in an adult eagle, treated using surgical intervention. The procedure entailed excising caseous material with artery forceps and scissors, leaving the wound open to heal naturally through granulation. Neoceryl antibiotic was prescribed for five days via drinking water, and a mixed cage management system was introduced to facilitate recovery
Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Plectranthus neochilus Leaf Ethanolic Extract on Fat-Fed Male Wistar Rats
Get PDFPlectranthus neochilus (P. neochilus), a perennial shrub-like flowering plant have been used in Brazilian and Southern African folk medicine to treat liver related diseases amongst other ailments. Lifestyle choices, specifically continuous consumption of foods with high fat content have been identified as one of the major causes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this study, the antihyperlipidemic effect of P. neochilus leaves ethanolic extracts (PNEE) in fat-fed male Wistar rats was evaluated. In-vitro antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated using DPPH assay. Hyperlipidaemia was induced by feeding with fat-supplemented feed (FSF) (35% beef fat) for 21 days ad libitum. DPPH scavenging assay indicated antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 27.48±3.85 μg/mL. While the FSF resulted to significant (p < 0.05) elevations in total cholesterol (TC) level, and triglycerides (TG) level, coupled with reduction in HDL-C level in the hyperlipidaemic control compared to the non-FSF fed rats (normal control). Interestingly, treatment with PNEE at 150 mg/kg/day, 300 mg/kg/day and Atorvastatin at 10mg/kg/day (as standard control) for 14 days with continuation of the fat-supplemented regimen, revealed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in serum levels of TC and TG as well as elevations in serum level of HDL-C in PNEE-treated groups compared to the hyperlipidemic control. These findings suggested that the PNEE possess hyperlipidemic potentials which could be used for the development of therapies against diet associated dyslipidaemia as well as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Classical And Bayesian Inferences of a New Additive Weibull Extension Distribution with Application
Get PDFFor the past few decades, many generalizations of Weibull distributions have been defined. The generalizations (modifications or extensions) are necessary to allow the resulting distributions provide a better fit for both monotones (increasing and decreasing) and non-monotone (formed like a bathtub-shaped and up-side-down bathtub) failure rate (FR) lifetime data sets available in the literature, which the classical Weibull distribution cannot model appropriately. In this article, another approach is adopted to extend the well-known additive Weibull (AddW) distribution to introduce a new five-parameter model named as generalized extended additive Weibull (GExAddW) distribution. The new model is constructed by re-defining the AddW model to a three-parameter model based on two alternate parametric forms of the Weibull reliability functions and then added two extra positive shape parameters to the resulting model to form the GExAddW distribution. Both classical and Bayesian inferences were carried out for the derived model. The GExAddW could be a viable candidate for modeling complex failure times. Moreover, with intricate nature of the model, we suggest using numerical approaches for its property’s computation. A detailed account of the distribution properties was presented. When modeling lifetime data with a non-monotonic failure rate shape, the GExAddW distribution fit the data better than alternative lifetime distributions
Effects of Human Factors and Some Selected Weather Variables on Plane Crash
Get PDFHuman and weather factors are the biggest problems airline operators deal with because they increase the number of aircraft accident. Consequently, human factors and weather variables were used to determine the impact on aircraft fatalities per plane crash in Nigeria aviation. The information utilized was gathered from the Nigeria civil aviation authority’s accident reports for the period of 53-years between 1969 and 2022. Data were analyzed using Count Data approaches like Poisson, negative binomial, zero inflated Poisson and zero inflated negative binomial models. The results revealed that the sample mean of the response variable was 0.57 while the sample variance was 1.072, which showed that the variance was greater than the mean number of fatalities per plane disaster. More than 60% of the data involved zero number of fatalities per crash. The pilots in the age group 18-30 years, the pilots having less than 5 years of experience and those who are newly employed were highly associated with the number of fatalities per plane crash. Among other weather factors, lightening, poor visibility, and heavy rainfall were found to be highly associated with plane crash. The findings of the study showed that a single effect of a factor can cause aircraft accident, therefore this study recommends more precautions and development of effective strategies to avoid estimated risk of human and weather factors on the number of plane accidents
Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Crop Yield Prediction
Get PDFAgriculture, a fundamental pillar of worldwide sustenance, greatly benefits from precise yield projections, which provide effective allocation of resources and well-informed decision-making. This work focuses on the crucial task of predicting agricultural yields by conducting a thorough comparative examination of several machine-learning models. The examined models include Linear Regression, Random Forest, Extreme Gradient Boost (XGBoost), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Tree, and Bagging Regressor. The results demonstrate subtle variations in performance, with Linear Regression highlighting constraints in its ability to make accurate predictions. Ensemble approaches, namely: Random Forest and XGBoost, demonstrate remarkable accuracy, achieving almost 97% and R2 ratings. This highlights their ability to effectively capture complex agricultural patterns. The findings of this research provide valuable suggestions for professionals in agriculture and machine learning, making it easier to choose reliable models for predicting crop yields. It is also recommended to optimize Random Forest and XGBoost for accurate production predictions in practical agricultural scenarios. Future studies may focus on using sophisticated optimization approaches and incorporating specialized domain knowledge to enhance the precision of agricultural production prediction
Impacts of Casson Fluid Flow and Heat Source/Sink in an Oscillating Plate with Unequal Wall Temperature
Get PDFCasson fluid is commonly used in many notable technological and industrial properties, such as synthetic lubricants, specific oil paints, biological fluids, diverse polymer solutions to mention few. The Casson fluid is considered to be one of the most prominent types of fluids within the category of non-Newtonian substances. The impact of Casson fluid impact on hydromagnetic oscillatory flow along a permeable plate immersed in porous medium is investigated in the optically thin thermal radiation regime. The solutions of the dimensionless equations have been obtained. In view of the assumed oscillatory pressure gradient, the resultant linear partial differential equations were reduced to a boundary-valued-problem where the unsteady flow is superimposed on the mean steady flow. The influence of controlling parameters dictating the flow behaviour have been demonstrated graphically and explained thoroughly. It is revealed from the computational analysis that the function of Casson fluid parameter is to diminish the fluid velocity. Additionally, the skin friction is increased at both walls as the suction/injection parameter is increased. Interestingly, the results obtained for limiting case in this research is consistent with previous literature, thereby establishing the accuracy and validity of the current investigation
Enhancing Transportation Efficiency in Sokoto State Metropolis Through Vehicle Routing Problem Optimization
Get PDFEnhancing transportation is critical to urban development, particularly in rapidly growing regions like Sokoto State in Nigeria. The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is a widely researched optimization problem that seeks to find the most efficient routes for a fleet of vehicles to service a set of customers or locations, minimizing travel costs and time. This paper explores how Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) optimization can address transportation challenges in the Sokoto metropolis by designing efficient routes for vehicle fleets. The study incorporates extensive data collection, including geospatial data on road networks, traffic patterns, population density, analysis, VRP model creation, optimization, and key points of interest, to customize VRP solutions to the unique characteristics of Sokoto. Results indicate significant potential for VRP optimization to reduce travel distances, lower operational costs, and contribute to environmental sustainability
Bi-dual and Reflexivity of Cone Normed Space
Get PDFA cone normed space is one of the generalizations of normed space in which the codomain of normed space is replaced by an ordered real Banach space. In this paper, some properties of the dual, in particular bi-dual in the setting of cone normed space were studied. This allows us to define the notion of reflexivity with respect to cone normed space and proved the necessary and sufficient condition for a cone normed space to be reflexive
Ground Magnetic Profiling for Delineating Ore & Marble Deposits Within Okpella, Southern Nigeria
Get PDFGround magnetic profiling was deployed to delineate the occurrences of ore and marble minerals within the study area, Okpella, Edo state, Southern Nigeria. Air borne magnetic survey data (Aeromagnetic) was processed and used to identify zones with magnetic anomalies and obtain the lineament of the area. This was tied to the geological mapping data in order to determine best traverse lines. Ground Magnetic data capturing was conducted in the East-West direction, perpendicular to marble strike direction. Geological and Total magnetic intensity (TMI) maps were generated using Arc GIS and Oasis Montaj software respectively. Structural interpretation of the study area defined twenty two (22) major fault systems, dominantly in the direction, Northeast (NE) - Southwest (SW) and Northwest (NW) – Southeast (SE) as well as minor faults, fractures and folds. Geologic mapping and magnetic survey information defined three (3) geological formations namely; the migmatite gneiss – quartzite (MGQ), granite gneiss (GG), meta-volcanics with mafic intrusive rocks (MVM). Migmatite gneiss- quartzite - Tertiary age Alluvium (MGQ) is characterized with negative magnetic susceptibility ranging from -305.4 nT to -33.4 nT, indicative of destruction of magnetic minerals resulting from the increase in temperature during post orogenic activities. Granite gneiss showed intermediate magnetic susceptibility ranging from -33.5 nT to 85.5 nT, while the meta-volcanic and mafic intrusive (MVM) rock units show high magnetic susceptibility >85.5 nT. Marble deposits targets occurred within granite gneiss - meta-volcanic - mafic intrusive contacts within the study area. The interpreted alteration zones, structures and geology are path finders of marble zones in the migmatite-gneiss-schist-quartzite complex. Marble bodies thickness ranges from 1.63 – 16.2 m for shallow deposits and >16.2 for deeper deposits and an average lateral extent of 20.75 m. It is recommended that core drilling be carried out to validate the findings of the ground geophysical survey
‘Mini Review’ on the Nigeria’s Blue Economic Sector: An Alternative for Economic Diversification
Get PDFThe concept of blue economy encourages the preservation of the marine ecosystem while promoting the sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth and development. The relevance of the blue economy and its impact on Nigeria's economy are emphasized in this article. It talked about the potential for the blue economy in the nation, which, if properly developed, could completely change the country by lowering imports and supplying new sources of income. Nigeria has a plethora of opportunities in the blue economy, but the country hasn't been able to fully realize its enormous potential due to a lack of proper attention to the sector from public and private organizations, weak technology, and an inadequate legal and institutional framework. It is concluded that making the best use of Nigeria's blue economy resources could assist solve a number of the nation's socioeconomic issues in addition to creating a path for diversification