Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan
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臺灣總督府中央研究所農業部彙報 第62號 キイロヒメヨコバヒに關する調查
No full text本調查為稻和甘蔗這一類禾本科植物的害蟲──キイロヒメヨコバヒ（Zygina (Thphlooyha) subrufa Mlieh）的階段性調查結果。內容包括牠在學科分類系統的綱目類別、分部區域、相關研究、加害的植物和狀況、蝨燒(Hopper burn)與發生狀況、天敵，以及其自卵子、孵化、幼蟲，到成蟲後的變態過程與生活方式
臺灣總督府中央研究所農業部彙報 第64號 蓬萊米の品質特に乾燥肌擦と貯藏及乾燥と食味との關係に就て
No full text本調查為研究尚保留有完整米糠和胚芽的蓬萊米，其乾燥法、溼度、含水率、米糠有無受到損傷、貯藏法、產生米蟲間的關係，以及各種蓬萊米本身的乾燥程度、乾燥法，和其食用口感如黏性等變化的實驗結果。最末附有整體實驗結果的總結和引用文獻
臺灣總督府中央研究所農業部彙報 第66號 甘蔗地方品種試驗成熟調查成績（大正十五年期）
No full text本調查是糖業科在大正15年10月到昭和2年5月，於各地方施行甘蔗的品種試驗，提出「成熟甘蔗」的調查結果。本文依序說明甘蔗「成熟」的定義、調查的目的和方法，以及在臺灣各地製糖所和試驗場所得到的試驗成績與數值統計
(68(1):1-15)The Study of Camellia Oils from Different Process Conditions for Gastric Health Protection
No full text由於現代人飲食型態改變、生活壓力大以及酗酒等不良習慣，胃腸道功能紊亂成為現今常見的通病，如：消化性潰瘍。苦茶油為台灣常見食用油品，於民間療法中被認為具有胃腸保健之功效。本研究室先前的研究指出，苦茶油具有預防酒精性潰瘍之功效，為進一步證實不同來源或製程之苦茶油是否有相同功效，本研究利用體外 (in vitro) 及體內 (in vivo) 試驗模式進行探討，分別利用大鼠胃黏膜細胞 (rat normal gastric surface mucous cell line; RGM-1) 及BALB/c 小鼠。結果顯示，RGM-1 細胞以不同苦茶油預處理後皆可減緩乙醇誘導之細胞毒性，最後選擇效果最佳之BLCO 苦茶油進行動物試驗。動物實驗結果顯示，乙醇 (5 mL kg-1 B.W.) 誘導1 h 後會造成胃黏膜損傷。然而，餵食苦茶油 (1 mL kg-1 B.W. 及2 mL kg-1 B.W.) 3 wk 或Lansoprazole (30 mg kg-1 B.W.) 1 wk 後能有效改善乙醇誘導小鼠之胃損傷，提升黏膜黏液之分泌和抗氧化酵素活性，包括：過氧化氫酶 (Catalase)、麩胱甘肽-S-轉移酶 (Glutathione S-transferase; GST)、麩胱甘肽過氧化酶 (Glutathione peroxidase; GPx) 及麩胱甘肽還原酶 (Glutathione reductase; GRd)；與減緩酒精誘導胃組織發炎因子COX-2 及IL-1β 之蛋白表現。綜合上述，苦茶油能藉由降低氧化傷害及發炎作用，減緩乙醇所誘導的胃損傷。因此，本研究成果可作為未來開發苦茶油為胃腸相關機能性產品之參考，以提升本土農產品之經濟價值。
The gastrointestinal disorders such as peptic ulcer become a common problem nowadays, which is due to the dietary habit changes, stressed lives and alcoholism. Camellia oil is commonly used in Taiwan and has been shown with healthy effects for gastrointestinal tract in folk medicine. Our previous study has been demonstrated that camellia oil could prevent the gastric mucosal damage caused by ethanol. This study was aimed to further confirm whether the effects of different sources or processes of camellia oils have the same effect. In this study, the rat normal gastric surface mucous cell line (RGM-1) cells and BALB/c mice were used in ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage model. The results indicated that the ethanol-induced RGM-1 cell mortalities were significantly increased in those pretreated with camellia oils, and the oil with the highest bioactivity was chosen for further animal experiment. Animal experiments showed that ethanol (5 mL kg-1 B.W.) induction for an hour can cause gastric mucosal injury. However, pretreatment of mice with camellia oil (1 mL kg-1 B.W. and 2 mL kg-1 B.W.) for 3 wk or lansoprazole (30 mg kg-1 B.W.) for 1 wk effectively improved ethanol-induced gastric injury, enhanced mucosal mucus secretion, antioxidant enzyme activities including catalase, glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GRd), and alleviated inflammatory cytokines by suppressing the production of COX-2 and IL-1β induced by ethanol in gastric tissue. In conclusion, the camellia oil could alleviate the ethanol-induced gastric injury by reducing oxidative damage and inflammation. The results of this study can be applied to develop the gastrointestinal-related functional products in the future, and thereby enhance the values of indigenous agricultural products
Annual Report for Statistics of Crop Germplasm Conserved in National Plant Genetic Resources Center and International Seeds and Seedlings Exchange (2018)
No full text
Effects of Mulching Thickness of Rice Straw on the Tuber Yield of Potatoes
No full text本試驗於嘉義農業試驗分所水源地進行，種植馬鈴薯前後進行土壤分析，結果顯示種植前後土壤均屬中鹼性，種植前有效性磷及鉀肥力含量甚低；以台農1號及克尼伯品種的馬鈴薯，分別以健康種薯及普通種薯為材料，10 cm及20 cm稻草敷蓋畦面處理，試驗結果顯示採敷蓋稻草的栽培方式，採收塊莖後土壤的有效性磷、交換性鉀含量及有機質含量皆較種植前增加。台農1號及克尼伯品種採用健康種薯的出苗率最高分別達85.7%及92.6%，兩品種種植健康種薯的株高顯著高於普通種薯，而兩品種皆以敷蓋10 cm稻草者的產量高於敷蓋20 cm稻草的處理；且除小薯的產量外，選用健康種薯栽培者大薯及中薯的產量，皆比選用普通種薯栽培者高33～53%，台農1號不論選用健康種薯或普通種薯種植，產量皆高於克尼伯品種。本試驗結果可供利用健康種薯及未來發展稻稈鋪設機敷蓋稻草厚度之參考。
The research was conducted at farm in Chiayi Agricultural Experiment Station. The soil of the study was carefully analyzed before the experiment, and the results showed that there was no difference of pH level before cultivation and after gathering of potatoes. Besides, the content of available phosphorus and potassium were very low before cultivation. In this experiment, we used virus-free seed tuber and seed tuber of Tainung No. 1 and Kennebec potato varieties for experimental materials with 10 cm or 20 cm straw mulching on the top. The results showed that validity phosphorus, exchangeable potassium and the organic matter content increased while potatoes grew under mulching straw on the top after the experiment. The germination rate of Tainung No. 1 and Kennebec potato could reach to 85.7 % and 92.6 % separately by using virus-free seed tuber, and it had higher plant height than those of using seed tuber. It also showed that two potato varieties treated with 10 cm mulching straw would obtain the highest tuber yield. At the same time, using virus-free seed tuber potato was able to get higher tuber yield 33 % to 53 % no matter what kind of seed tuber the middle size or the lager size, was used. For both virus-free seed tuber and seed tuber, Tainung No. 1 potato could get higher tuber yield than the Kennebec. The outcome of this entire experiment could be a reference on the future studies on virus-free seed tuber and straw coverage
