Wukari International Studies Journal
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POLITICS OF IDENTITY AND ITS CHALLENGES FOR DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThe study attempts to analyze the challenges identity politics pose to democratic governance and Nigeria's attempt at national development. The paper contends that a better understanding of the interplays militating against the country's quest for democratic sustenance is discernable from manipulation of the country's diversity by the political elites through varied means. To this end, the conspiracy theory was adopted for this article. The research methodology consists of analysis and synthesis of secondary sources such as diverse literatures as well as primary source derived from discussions with some Nigerians. The analysis reveals that the actions and inactions of the leadership decipher the conspiratorial attempt of the political elites to gain vantage position or sustain their existing leadership positions. The paper recommends adherence to the rule of law, moral uprightness and selflessness as the cure for these challenges
CLIMATE CHANGE AND LAND-BASED CONFLICT: THE IMPACT ON FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA
Get PDFNigeria as a country is vulnerable to climate change issues. The adverse effect of climate change through drought, deforestation, flood, extreme weather condition, decline in soil texture, herders/farmers conflict, diseases and health issues, displacement, low human and physical capital, decrease in income, inequitable land distribution, poor infrastructure, etc, have caused poverty and food insecurity, etc. As a result of climate change, the number of land-based conflicts and deaths increased due to violence conflict within communities, groups, individuals and states. There is increase in flooding that leads to lack of access to transportation, food, health care, clean water, sanitation, economic activities. There is low and no income, violence, rape, drug abuse, crimes, kidnapping, displacement, abduction, banditry, environmental issues, among others. The aftermath of climate change is prominent on agricultural production such as livestock, crop, forest, fishery, nutrition, health and the general livelihood of the people. Land is one of the most valued gifts from God. The objective of the paper is to ascertain the connection between climate change and land-based conflict issues that lead to insufficient food supplies as experienced in Nigeria. The data were gotten from primary and secondary sources. The human needs theory of economic conflict was used to discuss the paper. This paper is divided into four sections. The first focuses on the introduction, conceptualization and theoretical framework. The second section expands on the issue of climate change and land-based conflict. The third examines the impact of climate change and land-based conflict on food security. The fourth section is the conclusion and the recommendations which include, effective policy, community adaptation structure, among others
RE-EVALUATING YORUBA MARKET COSMOLOGY AND IMPACT ON MARKET DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFIn the lives of the Yoruba, a major ethnic group in Western Nigeria, the market remains central. Asa society whose pre-occupation is principally agricultural, all processes in the development of traditional markets are important because they occupy vital positions in the people’s economic life. The use of foundation rituals is an important process in the establishment of traditional markets in Yorubaland. Hence, this study examines the place of this inherent cosmological tasks in the establishment of traditional markets, effects and implications for the socio-economic development of the people. It was discovered that there are the establishment of new and modern markets without any foundational rituals withthe markets in one way or the other having continuation problems. This research examined the effects of the presence (or absence) of cosmological implantation towards the longevity of markets in the Yoruba world and the people. Foundationrituals and sacrifices in the establishment of the markets, as done in the past, are equallyimperative for the longevity in the life-span of the markets and socio-economic community where the markets are sited.Methodology usedare historical, oral interviews, secondary sources and field work
Cold War as Social Conflict, Iron Curtains and Application of Dѐtente Policy as Cold War Concept
No full textThis paper is to evaluate the peculiarity of iron curtain that was to fortified borders in central Europe, because it was not used to describe similar border between communist and capitalist states basis. During the cold war iron curtain received prominence, why though it describe the boundary that separate the Warsaw Pact countries from the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation NATO countries from the beginning to the end of the cold war (1945- 1991). It traced ideologically minded westerners that interpreted cold war as a social conflict that signifying that Moscow was trying to impose its own authoritarian system in a world that it meant to rule. It dismisses the popular nation that cold war was imperialistic ruling circles which America was trying to enslave all mankind under the yoke of Wall Street. The ideological perspective to the conflict makes the difference and the primary justification to the distrust by the two superpowers and their allies that created a reality to the ordinary man in the society beyond the operative objectives. The paper instead opines that cold war as a global social systemic conflict located in the typology of conflict or interest, which subsume economic interest, ideological incompatibility and misperception. The paper postulates that the antagonist behaviour in the Soviet Union, and US and her allies brought a second thought in the system, as a result dѐtente was a solution, and it is strategies relaxation of tension during the cold war associated with the diplomatic reactions between superpowers and later china. The paper x-rays the effects of dѐtente as cold war concept. The paper arrives at the conclusion that iron curtain became prominence as most states of the eastern bloc of the iron curtain developed their own international economic and military aliens. The method use was empirical by contacting textbooks and relevant journals. The paper concludes that iron curtain principles, dѐtente policy and approach to the cold war was the best methods of assessing the significance of cold war as social conflict
SOCIO-CULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF ADOLESCENTS SEXUALAND REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR IN KEFFI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NASARAWA STATE-NIGERIA
Get PDFSexual and reproductive behaviour has become a major issue of concern in recent times. This is because the incidence of sexual intercourse has become prevalent among adolescents. Adolescents engage in several risky sexual and reproductive behaviour like the early sexual debut, having multiple sexual partners, unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion. This is although society frowns at this incidence as adolescents are expected to abstain from sex. Thus, the objective of this paper is to x[1]ray the factors that influence the sexual and reproductive behaviour among adolescents in Keffi A descriptive research design was adopted. Primary data were obtained using both quantitative and qualitative methods. In the survey, 344 questionnaires were distributed among the sample size using multi-stage sampling techniques of Wards, settlements, households and individualsand six focus group discussions were also conducted. Also, qualitative data was collected using Focus group discussion among adolescents. Descriptive and inferential statistics of the data were carried out using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) Windows version 25.0. Findings reveal that the factors that determine the sexual and reproductive behaviour of adolescents are largely curiosity, peer pressure and poverty.Thus, the study recommend that parents and guidance provide counseling to their children and wards about sex so they don't have to give in to peer pressure or become curious about sexual intercourse
JEAN BODIN'S NOTION OFSOVEREIGNTY, GOOD GOVERNANCE AND NTHE QUEST FOR SOCIOPOLITICALADVANCEMENT IN NIGER
Get PDFBodin's far reaching analysis on the sovereign state and good governance shows that he did not miss words when he recommended that the management of the state shouldbe separated from the management of the church. He insists that the matters of the state are not the same, in many ramifications, with matters of the church. He argues that matters of the church are distinct and unique compared to that of the state. The church is supposed to be a sacred institution which should concern itself with issues that pertain to spirituality, theology, heaven, etc.Bodin does not concur with the idea where church fathers (Priests) would be directly involved with matters that do not concern the church and its administration but focus on issues that concern thestate and its administration. For Bodin, it is an aberration for church fathers to delve into and perpetrate themselves in matters that don't concern the church and its administration.He concurs with Platothat the business of state (Administration) is not a child's play but a very serious business that requires absolute focus and expertise otherwise the essence of the tacit consent would be highly compromised. Bodin strongly maintains, like Plato, that those to be charged with the responsibility of rulership should be properly trained and oriented towards that direction for the sake and essence of effective and efficient administration. This is against the very fact that the church has a very strong hold on the people so much so that citizens are more prepared to obey the church and pay heed to their instructions before the state. The religious nature of men proves this fact all the time. It is based on this premise that this paper attempts to examine Bodin's recommendations on the separation of the church from the state for the purposes of sovereign, good and progressive governance. Can the state actually thrive and survive without the involvement of the church in the running of the day-to-day activities of the state? Could it be that if the church interferes and is directly involved in the administration of the state that good, effective and efficient governance can be attainable especially as far as Nigeria concerned? Would it be possible for the state to retain its sovereignty if the church were to be involved in the running of the affairs of the state? For the sake of an objective and indepth analysis the a priori analytic approach will adopted in this examination
INSECURITY AND GIRL CHILD EDUCATION IN NORTH-EAST NIGERIA: A CASE OF CHIBOK AND DAPCHI QUAGMIRE
Get PDFThe growth of girl child education has been greatly endangered over the years due to the wanton threats and sporadic attacks in schools by the Boko Haram sects. This act of terror to the girl child in Chibok and Dapchi has affected the zeal, passion and desire of most girls in seeking western education. The study therefore, examines how insecurity in the north-east has hindered enrollment and commitment of girls to education since 2014. The authors argued that, there is a nexus between girl child education growth, development and security. The paper recommend adequate security to all schools in the north-east as means of confidence building for parents to release their female children to school. The method of data collection used is both primary and secondary method. The paper made use of elite theory as the theoretical framework of analysis. The paper proffered solutions to the threat to the girl child and clearly stated also the role of government, stakeholders to peace in the region. The conclusion was that, for the nation to succeed in its quest and desire to educate girls from the north-east region, security must be taken seriously
Human Resource Panning and its Impact on Organizational Performance in Ministry of Health, Abuja
Get PDFThis study examines how Human Resources Planning (HRP) impacts Organisational Performance. It specifically determined how the impact of job analysis on Ministry of Health performance, the impact of staff demand and supply forecasting and employee retention planning on the Ministry's performance. The respondents' data was collected using descriptivemethodology research. The study's target population was 100 workers from the Ministry of Healthin Abuja, Nigeria. The sample size of thirty workers, or thirty percent of the target population, was chosen using stratified random selection methods. Questionnaires were utilized to gather information. The information gathered was evaluated using average weighted and percentages, which were then displayed in frequency charts and tables.According to the findings, the business uses job analysis questionnaires regularly. Job analysis at the workplace improves the company's competitive edge. Internal promotion is the most important element examined by the organisation in employee supply forecasting, whereas demand for products and services is the most important factor considered by the Ministry of Health in employee demand forecasting. Employee demand forecasting assists an organisation in addressing current and future people requirements. The main factor of a successful staff retention strategy in an organisation is an attractive pay package. The organisations's retention strategy is heavily influenced by support for personal and professional growth. It'ss competitive edge is boosted through retention strategy. The researcher concluded that staff retention planning, demand-supply forecasting, and job analysis all have an impact on the success of an organisation
THE DYNAMICS OF STATE-SOCIETY RELATIONS AND DEMOCRATIZATION IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThe paper focused on the understanding of state-society relations as a complex mix of interactions between the general citizens flanked by the masses and political leaders in determining the quality of governance in contemporary Nigeria. It draws from Easton's system theory as an analytical frame, underscoring the essence of democratisation as a continuum requiring the active input of critical citizens to impact on. It agrees that there is a rich culture of civil society in Nigeria, but appraises state-society relations as a larger umbrella with a greater incentive in public space construction. Focusing mainly on secondary data, the paper argues that all the factors facilitative of democratisation, free, fair, and periodic elections, protection of civil and political rights, political literacy, accountability, and freedom of the press, remain on the shoulders of constructive state-society relations. By implications, the democratic system at all time works as equilibrium constructed by the general citizenry, either as followers or in leadership positions – the citizens generally construct the type of governance they desire by either punishing fundamental transgression or rewarding good governance. This is against the backdrop of multiple academic validation about the failure of leadership in Nigeria's political development. Leadership failure, though germane, does not tell the entire story, as leadership is never subject to auto-correct, the course of leadership is usually stirred by critical citizenry. The paper concluded that Nigerian democratisation is troubled by the lopsided nature of state-society relations leading to the hijack of the state for private interest and impairment of democratic deepening. The work recommends the active role of critical citizens in effecting positive change to Nigeria's political development by driving the democratisation process. This is based on the understanding that democracies are never offered on a platter of gold; actively engaged citizens work towards the initiation, deepening and sustenance (consolidation) of democracy
THE INFLUENCE OF IRANIAN SCHOLARSHIPS ON ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN KANO, 1979-2015
Get PDFThe 1979 Iranian revolution prepared ground for winning the hearts and minds of Muslims globally through various methods such as promotion of religious lectures and sponsoring religious education, establishment of Islamic schools, distribution of Islamic literature, and organizing of an Islamic conference abroad. This strategy was borne out of the new Iranian foreign policy, which is characterized by the promotion and exportation of the Iranian brand of Shiism, along with the political and religious doctrines that had been described as “Khomeinism” to other countries one of which is Nigeria. This situation paved way for many Kano indigenes to study in the best Iranian institutions of higher learning. This paper therefore examines the influence of the Iranian scholarships on Islamic education in Kano. It further argues that those who studied in Iran, after their return to Kano from Iran started constructing Islamiyya schools at various places in metropolitan Kano in order to reduce the growing popularity of not only Salafis, but also the Tijjaniyya and Qadiriyya Sufi Orders. Through the Fudiyyah schools, the Islamic Movement in Nigeria stands a better chance of attracting more patronage and legitimacy among Muslims in Kano, restricting their members from attending other schools and especially given the development of the group’s competitions with its Sunni rivals, the Fudiyyah schools served as check-mate to the similar Islamiyya school system operated by the Sunnis