Wukari International Studies Journal
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EFFECTS OF GLOBALISATION ON NIGERIAN CULTURAL HERITAGE, 2012-2022
Get PDFThis paper examines the impact of globalization on Nigerian cultural heritage between 2012 and 2022. As part of its objectives, it provided a detailed background on the extent to which globalization has influenced the traditional values and practices in Nigerian cultural heritage. It also provided a detailed analysis of globalization's positive and negative outcomes on Nigeria’s cultural heritage. The source of data collection was employed through secondary sources such as the use of textbooks, journals, government publications, conference and seminar lecture materials, and the Internet. The paper adopted the Cultural Hybridity Theory and the Cultural Imperialism Theory as the main theoretical framework for analysis. The paper reveals that globalization has had both positive and negative effects on Nigerian cultural heritage, including increased cultural exchange and awareness, but also erosion of traditional values, and loss of cultural identity. The paper also identifies the role of stakeholders, including government, communities, and individuals, in mitigating the negative effects and harnessing the benefits of globalization for the preservation and promotion of Nigerian cultural heritage. The research contributes to the understanding of the complex relationship between globalization and cultural heritage and provides recommendations for sustainable cultural heritage management in Nigeria. Some of the recommendations include promoting cultural exchange and collaboration, strengthening cultural education and awareness programs, and establishing collaborative frameworks among stakeholders
INTEGRATION OF COLLABORATIVE LEARNING STRATEGIES INTO VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL) GUSAU, NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study explores the integration of collaborative learning strategies into vocational education at the Federal College of Education (Technical) Gusau, Nigeria. The questionnaire served as the primary data collection tool. Out of 112 distributed questionnaires, 100 were returned and analyzed. Data were quantitatively analyzed using frequency counts, percentage distribution tables, mean, and standard deviation, with a benchmark mean of 1.5. The findings indicate that collaborative learning positively impacts teamwork and practical skills, with mean scores of 1.67 and 1.66, respectively. However, there is some uncertainty regarding its effectiveness in enhancing vocational understanding, as reflected by a mean score of 1.56, and mixed opinions on motivation for team activities, with a mean score of 1.60. The study also demonstrates that collaborative learning significantly improves students' skills in vocational education by enhancing their understanding, problem-solving abilities, and engagement. The study recommends enhancing the clarity and structure of collaborative activities, increasing student motivation with engaging projects, training instructors in effective facilitation techniques, and regularly evaluating and adapting strategies to improve outcomes
FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GIRL CHILD IN AKPABUYO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA
Get PDFThe main thrust of this study was to examine female genital mutilation and the development of the girl child in Akpabuyo Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. The specific objective of the study was to: examine female genital mutilation (FGM) and psychological development of the girl child in Akpabuyo LGA; explore female genital mutilation (FGM) and social development of the girl child in Akpabuyo LGA. and to ascertain how female genital mutilation (FGM) affects physical development of the girl child in Akpabuyo LGA. The variables under the specific objectives of the study were further used to form the research questions and hypotheses. Extant literatures were reviewed in line with the topic under study. The social learning and symbolic interactionism theories were used as the theoretical framework for this study. The study adopted survey research design where research questionnaire was used as the main instrument of data collection. The questionnaire containing 3 items questions designed in both open and closed ended questions and administered to the respondents. 120 questionnaires were administered and 20 were invalid while 100 valid questionnaires were used for the analysis. Comprising of 50 males and 50 females, who were selected from the projected population of 2016 in the study area, twenty respondents each were selected from five wards using the simple random samplings. The two null hypotheses were rejected, two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance thus revealing that; there is a significant relationship between female genital mutilation and psychological development of the girl child, there is a significant relationship between female genital mutilation and social development of the girl child, and there is a significant relationship between female genital mutilation in the study area. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended amongst others that there is need for public enlightenment programmes by social workers to combat mass ignorance as well as public and intense awareness on psychological, social and physical health of the female children as well as severe penalty for those still involved in the practice of female genital mutilation in our society
THE NIGERIA MILITARY AND THE FIGHT AGAINST ISLAMIC STATE`s WEST AFRICA PROVINCE (ISWAP), 2016-2022
Get PDFThis paper critically evaluates the resilience of the Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP) amidst ongoing conflicts with the Nigerian military from 2016 to 2022. Utilizing Attachment Theory as a framework, the research delves into the persistence and adaptive tactics of ISWAP against military strategies. Through surveys and in-depth interviews, the study assesses the effectiveness of Nigeria's counter-insurgency efforts and identifies the challenges faced by the military and its allies. The findings from the study revealed that there were several offensives by the Nigerian military against ISWAP with the aim of neutralizing their fighters by destroying their camps and hideouts and restoring peace and security in the affected areas, certain strategies exhibit significant shortcomings, necessitating continuous refinement. The research underscores the complex, evolving nature of the ISWAP insurgency and the need for a multifaceted, adaptive approach in counterterrorism. It contributes to understanding insurgency dynamics and emphasizes the importance of regional military collaboration, particularly through the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF). The study recommends the need for increase in intelligence gathering in order to identify and neutralize ISWAP’s leadership and financing sources, and to collaborate with neighbouring countries of Niger, Chad, and Cameroon for better intelligence sharing, as it will help in reducing civilian casualties by improving targeting and verification processes during operations
EXPLORING THE NEXUS BETWEEN WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT PROGRAMS, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, AND AGE DIFFERENCES IN POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN NIGERIA
Get PDFPoverty remains a pressing global challenge, particularly in developing nations like Nigeria. Women, constituting a significant proportion of those affected, encounter distinct challenges due to gender disparities and limited access to resources. The study aims to assess women's empowerment programs, educational attainment, and age disparities concerning poverty alleviation efforts in Nigeria within the diverse landscape of the Central Senatorial District. The study employed a qualitative research design, the study engaged 24 participants, ensuring diversity across age groups, educational backgrounds, and geographical locations. Through semi-structured interviews and two focus group discussions, each comprising six participants, the research collected rich and nuanced narratives. Thematic analysis served as the analytical lens, meticulously unraveling patterns and themes inherent in the participants' experiences. Three theories were used to support the study which includes empowerment theory, participatory model and social learning theory. Findings reveals that educational empowerment Impact," underscores how varying educational levels among women significantly influence their participation in and perceived benefits from empowerment initiatives. "Age Dynamics in Empowerment" sheds light on how age disparities shape women's interactions with these programs, indicating differing needs and outcomes across age groups. "Program Effectiveness and Accessibility" uncovers the participant’s effectiveness and accessibility of empowerment schemes "Societal and Cultural Influences" illuminates how societal norms and cultural factors intersect with program engagement, influencing women's experiences within these initiatives. The theme "Economic Opportunities and Livelihoods" underscores the significance of economic opportunities and livelihoods afforded by empowerment programs, impacting women's financial stability. Lastly, "Perceptions of Program Impact" captures the diverse perspectives regarding the actual impact of these programs on the lives of the women involved, showcasing varying degrees of positive and negative experiences and outcomes. The findings contribute substantively to the discourse on enhancing the effectiveness of empowerment programs, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions that consider educational backgrounds and age-specific needs to foster sustainable poverty reduction strategies among women
ANATOMY OF CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE FARMER-HERDER CONFLICT ON FOOD SECURITY IN BENUE STATE, 2015-2023
Get PDFBenue State has recorded significant increase in farmer-herder conflict and major drawbacks in communal coexistence. This study examines the causes of the conflict and its effects on food security in the state. The structural conflict theory was used in analyzing the major variables while descriptive documentary design involving a mix of exploratory interview, Focus Group Discussion, observation, analyses of official documents and secondary data was utilized to triangulate evidence. Twenty (20) participants were purposively drawn from the population in the study area for interviews and focused group discussions and their responses were transcribed, presented and analyzed in a descriptive form using thematic headings. Deriving from the study findings, the results generated indicated that the underlying cause of the farmer-herder conflict in Benue State is climate change with its attendant consequence of herders migrating from the north to the state in search of pasture and water points. However, trigger causes muted by respondents include but not limited to illegal invasion of farms and destruction of crops by cattle, cattle rustling and theft; passage of the Open Grazing Prohibition and Ranches Establishment Law 2017, among others. Effects of the conflict on food security include the destruction of human lives and animals, farmlands and properties, drop in food production, hike in food prices, and rise in poverty level among the people, social dislocation and population displacement, among others. Against this backdrop, the study recommends that aside intensifying campaigns and actions against climate change, the Benue State Government and its critical stakeholders should strengthen and improve local peace building and reconciliation systems, among others
DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES AND THE ROLES OF TRADITIONAL POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS IN PROMOTING PEACE AND SECURITY IN NORTHERN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF GOMBE STATE.
Get PDFThe adoption of Western Democracy after independence has come with a lot of changes to the hitherto roles and powers of traditional political institutions of building peace and security generally inNorthern Nigeria and Gombe in particular. Until this time, the Northern Nigerian political traditional institution was no doubt the most powerful and important political institutions that were at the centre of maintaining peace and security of their people. With the advent of democratic rule in Nigeria, the powers and control of traditional political institutions began to dry up and seem to have only opportunity of stakeholders in the state with advisory position because of the systematic enforcement of political leaders who at some time lack the knowledge of their societies and are coming into power by chance which make them to represent their personal interest using democracy as a tool, rather than making their society’s interest a priority. This paper will examine the roles of traditional political institution in promoting peace and security in Northern Nigeria and look at the impact of democratic principles on traditional political institution of Northern Nigeria and Gombe State in particular. The study will use both primary and secondary sources of data. The structural functional theory will be employed to explain the topic under discussion. The findings of this study will help in shedding more light upon role of Traditional Political Institutions in Promoting Peace and Security and how the coming of Democracy undermine their power in Gombe States as well as recommend how can this institution be position for effective performance in peace building
TOURISM AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC WELLBEING OF PEOPLE IN CALABAR MUNICIPALITY, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA
Get PDFThis research aims to explore the connection between tourism and the socio-economic well-being of the residents of Calabar Municipality in Cross River State, Nigeria. To achieve this objective, three research questions and corresponding hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study involved a sample size of four hundred respondents (400), employing a descriptive survey research approach. The primary data collection tool utilized was a research questionnaire, and data analysis involved chi-square, simple percentages, and tables. The study's findings indicate a significant correlation between tourism activities in Calabar Municipality and family income. This suggests that the income of many families in the area experiences a notable increase during peak tourism events, such as the renowned Calabar Carnival. The research underscores the substantial impact of these business potentials on the residents of Calabar Municipality, particularly during festive periods and the height of carnival activities. Additionally, it was observed that the income-generating capacity of residents receives a significant boost during peak tourism periods. Based on these findings, several recommendations are proposed. Firstly, the government should promptly initiate awareness campaigns and expose the community to the opportunities presented by the tourism industry through channels such as community mobilization, engagement with local chiefs, and collaboration with youth and faith-based organizations. Furthermore, there is a need to highlight the role of non-governmental organizations in contributing to the enhancement of the socio-economic well-being of the residents
EX-OFFENDER REINTEGRATION IN CONFLICT-AFFECTED AREAS OF NIGERIA: PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS, POLICY CHALLENGES, AND SOCIAL INFLUENCES IN MADAGALI AND GWOZA
Get PDFReintegrating former offenders into society is a global challenge due to its potential impact on recidivism and the associated burden on the criminal justice system and society. The aspiration to lead a fulfilling and meaningful life is a universal goal, irrespective of one's background. However, for offenders released from correctional institutions, re-entry into society can be fraught with significant challenges. These individuals often face socio-cultural, economic, and personal obstacles that can hinder a crime-free lifestyle and the re-entry process itself. In light of this context, our study aims to examine the public perceptions and attitudes toward ex-offender reintegration in Madagali and Gwoza and the political and social factors influencing community acceptance of ex-offenders in the study area. The study adopts social identify theory and boundary theory as the theoretical framework. The study used quantitative method of data analysis for the study. The study discovered that there is negative public perceptions and attitudes toward ex-offender reintegration in Madagali and Gwoza and involvement of political and social factors influencing community acceptance of ex-offenders in Madagali and Gwoza. The study recommends critical need for awareness programs that challenge the perception of ex-prisoners as perpetual criminals. Highlighting the success of Nigerian Correctional Service rehabilitation programs through community outreach in villages, markets, religious centres, and media could foster greater public understanding of the reintegration process and its benefits
THE ROHINGYA CRISIS AND THE WAY FORWARD
Get PDFThe Rohingya challenges, characterized by the large dislocation and marginalization of the Rohingya Islamic people from Myanmar (former Burma), stood as an important social problem of the 21st Century. The origin of the conflict can be traced to years of tribal upheavals and the British imperial administration which engendered divisive tendencies amongst the people. These divisive tendencies skyrocketed even after independence and climaxed in the 1982 nationality or citizenship law, which made the Rohingya people stateless. The increase of tribal nationalism has played an important role in these divisions, with the main Myanmar tribal group seeing the Rohingya as aliens. The effect of the Rohingya conflict is unfathomable, affecting over a million people living in poor situations in Bangladesh, over stretching the country’s resources and causing insecurity. The Myanmar administration’s divisive policies, combative military behaviours, and socio-economic marginalization of the Rohingya have amounted to serious human rights abuses. This makes one to ask what are the causes of Rohingya people’s crisis? What are the effects? How can the challenges be resolved or is there any way forward? To find answers to the above cited questions is the objectives of this work. In order to get undiluted answers to the questions raised, this work employs secondary sources like books, journals, magazines, newspapers, and internet materials. Ethnic nationalism theory was used as the theoretical construct while documentary evidence was used as the analytical tool. The work also did some literature review in order to enrich the background knowledge of the work. At the end the work discovered that factors like ethnic and religious discrimination, political and military issues, socio-economic marginalization, militarization and human rights abuses, and geopolitical dynamics caused the crisis. The effects are humanitarian impact, socio-economic strain on Bangladesh, security concerns, and international response. In proffering the way forward, the work recommended that all the causes of the conflict as highlighted above must be stopped and as the way forward factors like accountability, humanitarian support, strengthening of international cooperation, and promotion of other sustainable solutions must be vigorously pursued