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Student participation : a democratic, organizational, and learning-theory perspective
No full textAusgehend von normativen Forderungen nach studentischer Beteiligung und der empirisch belegten Vielfalt ihrer Ausprägungen zielt der Beitrag darauf, den Begriff studentische Partizipation konzeptionell zu schärfen. Demokratie-, organisations- und lerntheoretische Impulse dienen dazu, unterschiedliche Zielsetzungen, Rationalitäten, Formen, Grade und Praktiken studentischer Partizipation offenzulegen und zu strukturieren. Zur analytischen Schärfung wird eine Beschreibung unterschiedlicher Kontexte von Partizipation und damit zusammenhängender Partizipationsformen sowie eine Differenzierung zwischen Art und Umfang der Beteiligung vorgeschlagen.Based on normative demands for student participation and the empirically proven diversity of its forms, this article aims to sharpen the conceptual definition of student participation. Ideas from democracy, organizational, and learning theory are used to reveal and structure the different goals, rationales, forms, degrees, and practices of student participation. To sharpen the analysis and design of student participation, the article suggests describing different contexts of participation and related forms of participation, as well as differentiating between the type and extent of participation.PeerReviewe
Taking student participation further : active participation as a future task for universities
No full textStudentische Partizipation ist ein zentrales Element hochschulischer Mitbestimmung. In der Praxis bleibt sie jedoch oft hinter institutionellen Ansprüchen zurück. Vor dem Hintergrund aktueller Herausforderungen analysiert dieser Beitrag Voraussetzungen für eine zukunftsgerichtete und nachhaltige Partizipation von Studierenden in Lehre, Qualitätssicherung und Hochschulentwicklung. Neben strukturellen Handlungsoptionen werden gezielte Reflexionsfragen formuliert, die Hochschulen dabei unterstützen können, studentische Mitgestaltung systematisch zu stärken und als Bestandteil einer demokratischen, wandlungsfähigen Hochschulkultur zu verankern.Student participation is a key element of democratic governance in higher education but often falls short of institutional aspirations in practice. Against the background of current challenges, this article analyses the conditions for future-oriented and ongoing student participation in teaching, quality assurance, and university development. In addition to structural options for action, targeted questions for reflection designed to support universities in systematically strengthening student engagement and embedding it as a component of a democratic, adaptable university culture are formulated.PeerReviewe
A biopsychosocial approach to improving multidimensional frailty status in community-dwelling older adults : a protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
No full textBackground: Frailty is a significant clinical syndrome affecting aging populations, leading to increased risks of negative outcomes such as falls, disability, hospitalization, and premature mortality. The concept has evolved from a simplistic view to a complex view that incorporates physical, psychological, cognitive, and social domains. Early intervention is crucial, yet research on the interactions among these domains is limited. This study protocol aims to outline various combinations of biological, psychosocial and nutritional interventions in prefrail older adults to address their effects on frailty status, including physical, psychological, and social functioning, nutritional status, and lifestyle changes over a 9-month intervention and follow-up period. Methods: This study is a cluster-randomized controlled trial involving N = 308 prefrail older adults aged 60–80 from 32 community elderly centres in Hong Kong. Participants will be randomly selected and classified into four frailty deficit patterns. They will be assigned to one of four intervention strategies: biological/psychosocial/nutritional, biological/nutritional, psychosocial/nutritional, and inactive control. The intervention will focus on improving physical, psychological, and social functioning, nutritional status, and lifestyle changes over the 9-month period. Discussion: This study is expected to provide substantial evidence on the effectiveness of these strategies in enhancing frailty status across bio-psycho-social domains in diverse elderly groups. The findings will have practical implications for healthcare professionals, caregivers, and policymakers, potentially leading to improved care and support for community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong. Trial registration: The trial has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov under U.S. NIH (ID: NCT06741878, date: December 19, 2024).PeerReviewe
Optimizing heat pump systems under dynamic electricity pricing : sizing tool and market mechanism analysis
No full textBundesministerium für Wirtschaft und EnergiePeerReviewe
Determination of Optimal Expansion Strategies for Biogas-to-Liquid and Biogas-CHP Units for Flexible Biogas Plants
Get PDFThis thesis investigates the technical and economic feasibility of a flexible biogas plant system that combines a Biogas-to-Liquid (BGtL) plant—using a novel low-temperature microwave plasmacracking plant for syngas production and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) for FT-syncrude production—with a Combined Heat-and-Power Unit (CHPU), considering different expansion strategies. Using a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model and real German electricity price data from 2023, various operating scenarios were simulated based on the arbitrage and unit commitment problem. Results show that, under current market conditions, separate operation of BGtL and CHPU is more profitable than combined operation, mainly due to higher specific investment costs and limited spot market volatility. While flexible CHPU benefits from overbuilding and flexibility bonuses, BGtL achieves better returns when run steadily. However, simulated large BGtL plants can already produce FT-syncrude at competitive costs, and combined flexible operation may become attractive as electricity markets evolve and investment costs decrease. The presented model and results provide a basis for future optimization and techno-economic assessment of hybrid biogas systems
Das Gesundheitsdatennutzungsgesetz: Untersuchung des Zugangs- und Nutzungsprozesses am Beispiel von „Orphan Diseases“ bei Kindern : Ein Scoping Review
Get PDFEinleitung: In Deutschland sind relevante Gesundheitsdaten auf verschiedene Silos verteilt, die Antragsprozesse intransparent und analog, der Zugriff komplex, unsicher und kaum reproduzierbar. Zudem ist die Repräsentativität der Daten nicht gegeben. Das 2024 in Kraft getretene Gesundheitsdatennutzungsgesetz soll die wissenschaftliche Nutzung der Gesundheitsdaten in Einklang mit der Datenschutz- Grundverordnung verbessern. Ein einheitlicher Zugang zu den Abrechnungsdaten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung soll durch das Forschungsdatenzentrum- Gesundheit am Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte gewährleistet werden. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Zugangs- und Nutzungsprozesse von Gesundheitsdaten im Rahmen des Gesundheitsdatennutzungsgesetzes sowie deren Potenziale und Limitationen für die Forschung zu seltenen Erkrankungen.
Methode: Diese Arbeit ist als Scoping Review konzipiert. Die Suchrecherche auf dem LinkedIn Profil des Forschungsdatenzentrum-Gesundheit und den Datenbanken Google Scholar und LIVIVO ergibt 854 Ergebnisse. Nach Ausschluss der Duplikate und nicht relevanten Artikel wurden 17 Artikel in diese Arbeit eingeschlossen.
Ergebnisse: Der Zugang zu den Gesundheitsdaten wird über das Forschungsdatenzentrum Gesundheit und die Datenzugangs- und Koordinierungsstelle geregelt. Sichere Analyseräume und Datenschutzmaßnahmen gewährleisten eine zweckgebundene Nutzung. Klinische Studien zu seltenen Erkrankungen sind oft zeitaufwendig und ressourcenintensiv. Große Datenmengen bieten jedoch ein erhebliches Potenzial, ermöglichen eine ressourcenschonende Nutzung, eine nahezu unverzerrte Abbildung des Versorgungsgeschehens und die Möglichkeit zur Verknüpfung verschiedener Datenquellen. Herausforderungen bestehen in begrenzten klinischen Informationen, eingeschränkten soziodemografische Daten und methodischen Einschränkungen wie „Verrauschungstechniken“ und Upcoding.
Diskussion/ Schlussfolgerungen: Trotz einiger Herausforderungen überwiegt der Nutzen für die Patientinnen und Patienten, der sich aus dem neuen Gesetz ergibt. Die Forschenden sind folglich dazu angehalten, im Vorfeld der Antragsstellung zu eruieren, ob die Daten für den jeweiligen Forschungszweck geeignet sind
CAS to EAS – calculating and plotting the compressibility correction chart
Get PDFPurpose – Relatively cumbersome is the conversion between calibrated airspeed (CAS) and equivalent airspeed (EAS), because it involves the calculation of incompressible flow. Equations are quite long. If calculations on the computer are required, a conversion with these equations is necessary. In contrast, this report uses the equations to calculate and construct the CAS to EAS Compressibility Correction Chart. In this way, the result can be read quickly from the chart. --- Methodology – In Excel, compressibility correction is achieved through equations from flight mechanics. The correction is calculated with two distinct functions, one based on Mach number and the other on pressure altitude. These functions are graphed individually and then integrated to produce the Compressibility Correction Chart. --- Findings – The Compressibility Correction Chart was successfully created as a 2-D graph. Upon comparison with other correction charts, the determined correction for CAS showed no variation, proving the accuracy of the findings. --- Research Limitations – Due to a limitation in Excel, which allows for 255 series for plotting, the range of input parameters had to be adjusted accordingly. The iterations of altitude span 1000 ft intervals, while those for Mach Number span 0.05 intervals. --- Practical Implications – Pilots can easily use the Compressibility Correction Chart for a quick and highly accurate conversion between CAS and EAS. --- Originality – CAS-EAS Compressibility Correction Charts are also available from other sources. This report presents a creation of the 2-D Correction Chart using Excel as spreadsheet.NonPeerReviewe
Entwicklung von Deep Learning Methoden zur Kontrolle eines Kurzzeitlasers
Get PDFEntwicklung einer Deep Learning Methode zur Rekonstruktion von ultrakurzen Laserpulsen aus einem FROG-TraceDevelopment of a Deep Learning method to reconstruct ultra short laser pulses from a FROG-trac
Model predictive supervisory control for multi-stack electrolyzers using multilinear modeling
No full textOffshore green hydrogen production lacks of flexible and scalable supervisory control approaches for multi-stack electrolyzers, raising the need for extendable and high-performance solutions. This work presents a two-stage nonlinear model predictive control (MPC) method. First, an MPC stage generates a discrete on-off electrolyzer switching decision through algebraic relaxation of a Boolean signal. The second MPC stage receives the stack’s on-off operation decision and optimizes hydrogen production. This is a novel approach for solving a mixed-integer nonlinear program (MINP) in multi-stack electrolyzer control applications. In order to realize the MPC, the advantages of the implicit multilinear time-invariant (iMTI) model class are exploited for the first time for proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer models. A modular, flexible, and scalable framework in MATLAB is built. The tensor based iMTI model, in canonical polyadic (CP) decomposed form, breaks the curse of dimensionality and enables effective model composition for electrolyzers. Simulation results show an appropriate multilinear model representation of the nonlinear system dynamics in the operation region. A sensitivity analysis identified three numeric factors as decisive for the effectiveness of the MPC approach. The classic rule-based control methods Daisy Chain and Equal serve as reference. Over two weeks and under a wind power input profile, the MPC strategy performs better regarding the objective of hydrogen production compared to the Daisy Chain (4.60 %) and Equal (0.43 %) power distribution controllers. As a side effect of the optimization, a convergence of the degradation states is observed.PeerReviewe
Open-source reference rotor library for multi-rotor aeroelastic modelling and design
Get PDFThe multi-rotor wind turbine (MRWT) is an emerging concept that promises benefits in aerodynamic, structural, economic and environmental performance over the existing single-rotor paradigm. This project aims to facilitate the research and development of the MRWT concept through the provision of open-source blade models aero-elastically optimised for the multi-rotor use case. The rotors generated cover a rated power range of 100kW to 1MW, and will provide greater flexibility in the generation of aero-elastic MRWT models for comparison and optimisation studies, among other uses.NonPeerReviewe