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Challenges to Youth Development in Balochistan and Way Forward
Full text linkBalochistan's young population faces significant challenges that restrict their development and hinder the province's progress. Limited economic opportunities plague the region, with high unemployment rates and a lack of industries forcing many young people to rely on scarce government jobs. Furthermore, the education system struggles to equip youth with the skills required for the job market, creating a frustrating mismatch between education and employment prospects. Socially, the prevalence of the Sardari system and gender bias create an uneven playing field, while limited opportunities for youth activism and expression restrict their ability to advocate for change. The ongoing security situation fosters insecurity and discourages investment, further dampening economic growth and job creation. Finally, inadequate budgetary allocation for youth development programs hinders initiatives that could empower youth. This study employs a mixed-methods research design, integrating both quantitative and qualitative approaches to provide a comprehensive analysis of the challenges to youth development in Balochistan. The combination of these methods allows for a robust understanding of the multifaceted issues faced by the youth in this province. The paper concludes that these challenges pose a significant threat to Balochistan's future but also present an opportunity. By investing in targeted education and skills development programs, promoting entrepreneurship, and creating a secure environment, Balochistan can empower its young population. We recommend further research to explore specific skill gaps in the Balochistan economy and analyze successful youth development initiatives in other regions for potential adaptation. By addressing these interconnected challenges and harnessing the potential of its young people, Balochistan can pave the way for a more prosperous and secure future
فلاحی ریاست کا تصور: اسلامی اور مغربی تعلیمات کا تقابلی جائزہ
No full textThis article intends to compare the concept of welfare state according to Islamic and western teachings. If we look at the countries of the world today, the same voice is heard everywhere that the welfare state is the guarantee of success. The concept of the welfare state is found almost everywhere in the world and in different religions, different countries and different nations. The first basic requirement of a welfare state is the need for knowledge. Every state pays special attention to it. Education is the most basic need in a welfare state and plays an important role in the development of a welfare Islamic state. It is also important for an Islamic state to implement Islamic limits and punishments in its state. Furthermore, In the light of Islamic teachings, which issues are mandatory to be considered a Islamic welfare state? And what are the foundations for a welfare state? All these things will be mentioned according to Islamic and western teachings as well in this research paper. These types of questions are answered in this article and conclusions have been drawn with the help of historical and analytical research
FAIZ AHMED FAIZ: ANALYSIS OF POLITICS AND POETRY
Full text linkRalph Russell looks at different aspects of Faiz’s life and concludes that Faiz replicated his attitude in poetry, life, and politics. Faiz desired luxurious life and the same can be reflected in his poetry and social interaction. Russell shares that Faiz desired praise, comfortable life while concealing facts should not be the attitude of a progressive person. Russell was told that in practical life Faiz had nothing to do with the depressed people and he never stepped in a muddy house. He only liked the floors “covered with the most expensive carpets.” Many literary people sarcastically said on Faiz’s return to Pakistan after self-exile that Faiz would create poetry against the martial law and its injustice when Gen. Ziaul Haq had died (Hameed, 2013: 51-53 and 61). Gopi Chand Narang is also of the same opinion that Faiz was not a rebel poet (Ibid., 65). Faiz could not bear the physical torture, hardships and imprisonment because of the decaying age factor (Ibid.). Dr. Ayub Mirza, a staunch admirer of Faiz, produced a devotional accounts regarding Faiz yet Faiz’s personality and poetry needs deeper and objective study. Faiz Ahmed Faiz was a poet, journalist, teacher, voice of the depressed, advocate of peace and tranquility, labour rights activist and sympathizer of the left-wing ideology in politics. After the emergence of Pakistan, owing to his tilt towards communism and Russia, a few governments persecuted him but this affiliation enabled him to win the Lenin Peace Prize. He for some time rendered his services to the Pakistani governments which assigned him the duty to promote literature and culture while sometimes the governments considered him their rival and sent him to jail. Faiz as a dynamic and vibrant personality has influenced everyone who understands Urdu language and has sympathy for the marginalized groups. People, working for humanity and labour class throughout the world, remember Faiz in good words. This enadeavour focuses on Faiz’s struggle for rights, and sufferings as depicted in his poetry and other accounts. Left-wing politics and the Rawalpindi Conspiracy Case raised several questions. Being far away from the electoral politics, Faiz focused merely on the intellectual contribution to the rights of the deprived groups. Sometimes he practically participated in the trade unions and raised his voice for the oppressed people living in any corner of the world. Brutality and inhuman action by any government anywhere was taken up by Faiz which highlights his vision and his polite and peaceful nature. Faiz’s personality and work reflect his clear-cut vision about a society especially of Pakistan in which rule of law and justice should be ensured. This study concludes that not a theocrat but as a balanced Muslim, Faiz loved Islam, democracy, Pakistan and the system which could provide justice and prosperity to the depressed classes.
 
COPULATIVE COMPOUNDS IN PUNJABI: MORPHEME-BASED MORPHOLOGY
Full text linkThe present work aims to analyze and elucidate the various instances of compounding in Punjabi, explicitly focusing on copulative compounds. The copulative compound does not exhibit a head modifier relation but demonstrates coordination between its two elements. For instance, the words “actor-manager” and “actor and manager” contain two semantic heads due to the autonomous nature of its constituent elements. The constituents of these compounds exhibit fusion, wherein one constituent is completely assimilated into the other, distinguishing them from endocentric and exocentric compounds. The data has been gathered from both the Punjabi grammar book and individuals who are native speakers of Punjabi. The findings from the data analyses indicate that the three hypotheses proposed by the morpheme-based theory are highly appropriate and applicable to the Punjabi copulative compounds
”نے چراغ نے گلے“ میں معاشرتی مسائل کا جائزہ: An examination of social problems in "Ne Chirag Ne Gule".
No full textAt the end of "Ne Chiraghe Ne Gule" there is a detailed analysis of the issues related to freedom. Incidents of disorder, communalism, riots, abduction of women, dacoity were mentioned which were important social problems of that time. Nisar's thinking in this novel is the interpreter of the novelist's philosophical ideas. This role is also a social role like other roles, but their ideals become associated with national and international interest out of self-torture or self-imposed. He wants to establish a paradise-like society free from religious prejudices, racial pride and feelings of inferiority and language and color to promote social equality and human compassion. But such a free and humanistic society is nowhere to be seen
مسمط : روایت اور فن: Musammat : Tradition and Art
No full textThe word”Musammat”is derieved from Arabic language.It means ‘to string jewls.Experts of Rhetoric’s use this word in a broader way.They count the term’Musammat”as an important genre of Urdu poetry, particularly that of Urdu Poem.In this article, endeavour has been made to define, analyze and elaborate the “Musammat”. Its literary and lexical defintions have been explained through basic research sources. By exploring and discovering the tradition of Musammat, all expert have been quoted.Many important poets like Nazeer, Anees , Iqbal, Zafar Ali Khan ,Josh, Faiz and Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi have also been referred and mentioned in a comprehensive manner
Cyberbullying, Fear of Missing Out and Self-Perception in Adolescents
Full text linkIn recent years many parents and researchers have expressed concerns regarding the potential negative impact of social media use on adolescents. Some studies have indicated that social media use may be tied to negative mental health outcomes. Other studies have not found evidence for harm or have indicated that social media use may be beneficial for some individuals. The current correlational study examined 417 adolescents from different Pakistani school and college students for their time spent using social media, and the importance of social media in their lives. The research investigated the relationship among cyberbullying, fear of missing out (FOMO), and self-perception by checking whether cyberbullying is a predictor of self-perception while fear of missing out acted as a mediator. Key findings include significant correlations between these factors, indicating that higher levels of cyberbullying and fear of missing out are associated with negative self-perception in adolescents. Results indicated that cyberbullying was not predictive of self-perception while fear of missing out acted as a mediator. However, cyberbullying was predictive of fear of missing out, suggesting this may be particularly relevant in leading to increased levels of mental health issues in cyberbullying victims. The study contributes to understanding the psychological impacts of digital technology use among young individuals and suggests the need for strategies to mitigate these negative effects. Finally, the theoretical implications of our findings on the relationship between these variables and the mental health issues of adolescent victims of cyberbullying are discussed
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM) IN PAKISTAN: SPECIAL FOCUS ON PUNJAB
Full text linkThis historical analysis delves into the evolution of local government systems in Pakistan, with a specific focus on the province of Punjab. Beginning with the pre-independence era, the study explores the colonial legacy and the initial structures of local governance established during British rule. It traces the subsequent developments in local government systems following Pakistan's independence in 1947, including the various constitutional amendments and reforms that shaped the decentralization process. Special attention is paid to the role of military regimes and civilian governments in shaping local governance structures over time. The analysis also examines the impact of socio-political factors, such as ethnic diversity, rural-urban divide, and administrative efficiency, on the design and functioning of local government systems in Punjab. Furthermore, the study highlights key milestones and challenges encountered in the implementation of devolution reforms, particularly the 2001 Local Government Ordinance and its subsequent iterations. By providing a comprehensive historical overview, this analysis aims to shed light on the dynamics of local governance in Punjab, offering insights into its evolution, strengths, weaknesses, and implications for democratic governance in Pakistan
ارکان و شرائطِ بیع کے تناظر میں اقسام ِبیوع کا جائزہ : ASSESSMENT OF SALES CONTRACT VARIETIES IN CORRESPONDENCE WITH ELEMENTS AND CONDITIONS OF TRANSACTION
No full textIslamic law emphasizes gradualism and flexibility, prioritizing ease and accommodation in its legal framework. While Islamic jurisprudence does not mandate actions that lead to hardship or unbearable situations, it offers numerous examples advocating leniency and facilitation in fulfilling obligations. The Quran and Hadith underscore the importance of adopting ease and flexibility in various contexts. Islam provides a fundamental principle that causing harm is unacceptable, applicable particularly in transactions where contracts must not burden parties excessively. Furthermore, Islam prohibits transactions involving harm, such as usury, which may exploit the needy or exacerbate economic inequality. Transactions, pivotal in societal life, are guided by stipulations and regulations in Islamic law, ensuring comprehensive guidance in commercial dealings. This article provides an overview of the conditions of sale in Islamic jurisprudence, illustrating how Islamic law facilitates successful transactions while upholding its expansive principles
ASSESSING THE SUSTAINABLE HOSPITALITY DEVELOPMENT THROUGH RURAL TOURISM: A CASE STUDY OF SWAT VALLEY
Full text linkSustainability is a holistic word used in multiple disciplines. It is advocated in tourism to minimize the negative impacts and maximize the benefits. Fostering sustainable hospitality, Pakistan's tourism business may help to protect the environment, support local communities, and improve visitor and resident experiences. Implementing sustainable practices will help the community while also contributing to the long-term viability of Pakistan's tourist industry. Hotel is an essential component of the tourism business and job provider to the local communities. A survey of 34 hotels determined that the hotel industry in Swat valley is an SME business and plays a vital role in its economic sustainability. The Hotel industry is one of the largest structural, economic, and environmental segments in Swat valley. The suitable technique and acceptable practices are the keystones in sustainable tourism promotion. Swat's lodging business provides jobs, utilizing the local agricultural products, supporting ownership of the resources, and encouraging the adoption of sustainable tourism practices in the hotel business