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امام ابوالقاسم قشیری و شیخ شہاب الدین سہروری کے افکار کا تقابلی جائزہ (عوارف المعارف و رسالہ قشیریہ کی روشنی میں): Copmarative analysis of the thoughts of Imam Sheikh Abu al-Qasim al-Qushayri & Sheikh Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi) In the light of Awarif Al’marif & Al Risalah)
No full textThis research article delves into the profound spiritual teachings and methodologies of two eminent Sufi masters, Sheikh Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi and Sheikh Abu al-Qasim al-Qushayri, exploring their contributions to the rich tapestry of Sufi thought and practice. Drawing upon primary sources and scholarly interpretations, the comparative analysis examines their respective philosophical frameworks, mystical experiences, and approaches to spiritual transformation. By juxtaposing Suhrawardi's illuminative philosophy and Qushayri's traditionalist perspective, this study sheds light on the nuanced differences and underlying unity within Sufi thought. Furthermore, it explores their influence on subsequent Sufi traditions and their enduring relevance in contemporary spiritual discourse. Through this comparative study, we aim to deepen our understanding of the multifaceted nature of Sufism and its enduring impact on the spiritual landscape of the world
Rediscovering Myth in Autobiography of Red by Anne Carson
Full text linkThe paper explores the nature of desire in Anne Carson's verse novel Autobiography of Red, focusing on how desire shapes the self within the narrative and its relationship with the surrounding world. Drawing on Carson's background in classical languages and literature, Autobiography of Red reimagines the ancient Greek myth of Geryon and weaves it into a contemporary setting, exploring themes of love, desire, identity, and personal transformation. The examination of the self in the text draws on Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari's conceptualizations of desire, particularly the ideas of becoming and de-territorialization found in Anti-Oedipus and A Thousand Plateaus. The objective of the study is to analyse the influential power of desire in Autobiography of Red, offering an interpretive framework to comprehend the fragile nature of the self. The study reveals that desire is not limited to the relationship between the protagonist Geryon and Herakles, but rather, it permeates and constructs the entire text. The significance of the title's red, as well as the existence volcano and lava, is interpreted as an integral part, showcasing the influence of desire on the protagonist’s personality and challenges conventional notions of a stable backdrop. The influence of Deleuzian desire extends beyond its philosophical implications. The research further explores its linguistic aspects and applies the concepts of becoming and de-territorialization to understand Carson's poetic style and the text as a space that gives rise to a phenomenology of desire. In doing so, the text transcends representational modes and becomes reterritorialized, allowing Carson to convey experiences in a unique manner. By offering a Deleuzian perspective on desire in Autobiography of Red, the thesis aims to expand interpretations of both the poetic and theoretical aspects of the text, opening up new avenues for research and exploration
INVESTIGATING THE COPING STRATEGIES EMPLOYED BY SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS TO MANAGE AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR AMONG STUDENTS IN LAHORE
Full text link In all educational institution the disciplinary incidents in students that take place a major role in the classroom. The main aim of this study was to assess the effect of secondary school teachers of classroom management skills on discipline behaviour of the students. The objective of this study was to identify the various classroom coping strategies used by the teachers and explore the relationship of student’s aggressive behaviour with teachers coping strategies. The descriptive survey research design was used by the researcher. The questionnaire was designed after conducting pilot study in consultation with the supervisor and educational expert. The sample of 300 students and 50 teachers (females) was selected through the procedure of convenient sampling technique. The data was statistically analysed by applying Pearson to find out the various teaching strategies that used in the classroom. Moreover frequency, percentage, standard deviation and mean were also calculated. Results showed that a significant relation between the disciplinary behaviour of the students and teachers coping strategies was observed. It was seen that there is a positive relationship between both student’s behaviour and teachers coping strategies at secondary level. This study is significant in that presents the student’s behaviour in the classroom while learning the subject and teachers used some coping strategies to deliver the lecture. The student’s behaviour in the classroom can also affect the teaching learning strategies. Students should be in disciplinary behaviour and behave well and teachers use some strategies to involve the students in class
اجتہاد اور اس کا دائرہ کار: Ijtihad And Its Scope
No full textIjtihad is an important term in Islamic Shari'ah which refers to the human being's ability to derive Islamic rulings from their specific sources and benefits. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) also engaged in ijtihad on some occasions during his time, after which the companions of the Prophet (pbuh) also continued to do ijtihad in their respective periods. His method was that first of all he would look at the Qur'an and then look for the same problems from the Hadith
سید رفیق حسین کے افسانوں میں جانوروں کی نفسیات
No full textRafiq Hussain is a lesser known but very important and unique name of Urdu fiction. He took an individual path in the field of fiction. Therefore, he cannot be called a fiction writer of any one movement or trend. Rafique Hussain kept the subject of all his fiction related to understanding the life and psychology of animals. The psychology and habits of animal wildlife have been closely observed in your fiction, it is not found in Urdu fiction before. It seems that the fiction writer is a zoologist. In this article, after an analytical study of this dominant aspect of fiction writer, it has been concluded that Rafiq Hussain is a successful fiction writer in terms of understanding animal habits, psychology and their meaningful relationship with human life.The formalities of fiction have also been used along with the sciences of psychology for the interpretation and interpretation of this topic. Rafique Hussain has only one collection of fiction, yet each of his fiction brings out some individual aspect of the biological life of animals. Such a diverse and meaningful presentation of animals to the fiction writer proves him to be a successful and unique fiction writer of his kind
اختر شیرانی اور جون کیٹس کے مشترک رومانوی تخیل آفرینی اور حواسیہ شاعری : Similar Romantic Characteristics of John Keats and Akhtar Shirani: Imagination and Sensuousness
No full textIt's quite interesting to do a comparative study of two Romantic poets from two different languages and literatures and draw similarities and dissimilarities between their thought patterns, literary beliefs/schools of thoughts, romantic characteristics, concerns and themes etc... John Keats is the most Romantic English poet ever; likewise, Akhtar Shirani is the most Romantic poet, Urdu has ever produced. Romantic movement in English literature reached its climax in the early nineteenth century; a century before it set forth in Urdu. Still the two Romantic poets have striking similarities in the romantic characteristics of their poetry, like fervent imagination, quest for beauty, escapism, sensuousness, medievalism, nostalgia, supernaturalism etc. This article aims at a comparative study of Keats's and Shirani's romantic imagination and sensuousness. Both Keats's and Shirani's poetry carves out imaginative and sensuous pictures with words Both romantic poets have a rich imagination that take them back into the past, the Medieval times and the Greece (Keats) or to the remote India (Shirani) The fervent imagination drives both the romantic poets to appreciate beauty to the extent that beauty and truth become synonyms for them. The romantic quality of sensuousness makes them taste life to it's full, indulging in all vibrant senses. This article aims at a comparative study of Shirani's and Keats's imagination and sensuousness
Exploring the Role of Sensitive Responsiveness and Non-Directiveness in Mother-Infant Interaction: An Intervention Approach
Full text linkThis exploratory research study aimed to investigate mother-infant interaction, specifically focusing on sensitive responsiveness, non-directiveness, infant attentiveness, positive affect, negative affect, and liveness. The study was conducted in two phases. In Phase I, the researchers examined these aspects of mother-infant interaction, while Phase II involved implementing an intervention to enhance sensitive responsiveness and address caregiver responsiveness shortcomings. Pre and posttests were conducted to evaluate the impact of the intervention on caregivers.
The study included a sample of 10 mother-infant dyads from the Gujranwala region of Pakistan, selected through purposive sampling. The participants consisted of mothers with varying levels of education and occupation, as well as infants of different ages, birth orders, and sibling status. Inclusion criteria required physically and mentally fit caregivers and infants without psychological disorders, while exclusion criteria involved infants or mothers with psychological or medical problems and second or third children based on birth order.
The research instruments used in this study were the Mother-Infant Interaction Global Rating Scales (MACI) and the Circle of Security Infant Intervention (COS). Phase I involved pre-test data collection using the MACI model and video recordings of caregiver-infant interactions. Phase II implemented the Circle of Security intervention to enhance sensitive responsiveness and promote secure attachment between caregivers and children.
The Circle of Security intervention comprised three sessions, with a 2-day gap between each session. Post-testing occurred one week after the intervention, utilizing the same video recording and decoding procedures. Descriptive analyses and correlations between the MACI scales were conducted. Participants provided informed consent and agreed to have their interactions recorded before and after the intervention.
The study's findings underscored the significance of sensitive responsiveness, non-directive behavior, and attentiveness in mother-infant interactions. These factors were found to contribute to positive child personality development and a favorable attitude toward caregivers. The study also identified a lack of sensitive responsiveness among caregivers, which the Circle of Security intervention aimed to address
"یادمفارقت " میں کرداروں کی تحلیلِ نفسی
No full textAmong the African novelists, the name of Abdul Razak Gurna is important, who was born in 1948 in the Gurna region of Tanzania. He was a professor of English by profession. Eight novels and a collection of fiction have been published so far, in which poverty, ignorance, oppression and social misery due to the colonial era in African countries and surrounding areas have been the subject. Among these novels, his masterpiece is titled Memory of Departure, which has been translated by Syed Saeed Naqvi under the title of Yadmafarqat. In this novel, the story of the poverty-filled life of a 15-year-old African child has been created with skill. In this paper, the novel from western colonialism to independence, poverty, bankruptcy, corruption, unemployment, homelessness and love story of the main character has been analyzed. Apart from this, the psychological analysis of the main characters in the novel has also been done
What leads to a miraculous preservation of sounds and meanings: A comparative study of Classical Arabic phonology
Full text linkThis study aims to find the linguistic features and patterns which help Classical Arabic words retain their original sounds and meanings. The eminent features discussed are vowel and consonant variation, dependence on vowels, tone, stress, structural ambiguity, and lexical density of Arabic words with comparison to English language. The findings reveal that Quranic Arabic has fewer vowels that can change the meaning hence which can be classed as vowel phonemes. This is a great advantage, as it reduces the dependence on vowel sounds to change the minimal pairs. Fewer vowels means that the Arabic language can be properly taught with accuracy of sounds and their articulation, as the manner and place of articulation for consonants is easier to teach and explain as compared to vowels. Moreover, Quranic Arabic has specialized system of diacritics, which change, add, or modify meanings. Their presence helps ensure correct tone and fixity in allowed accents. The study also finds that translation of Quranic words into English language cannot be done easily as one to one equivalence of words is not possible