Harf-o-Sukhan
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شعریات میرا جی کی معنیاتی بازیافت
No full textThe current extract is the reflection of human psychology and modern linguistics analysis of human language, which gave birth to neo-criticism and practical criticism. It paved the way for other ideology that emerged in the field of linguistics, called stylistics the core sub-discipline of stylistics is semantics i.e. "the discipline of linguistics which deals with the study of the meanings." The most important rule which is discussed in the study of semantics is "collocation rule." If it is not followed, the deviation of this general rule is occurred and the excessive deviation leads towards the construction of structure less text. But the poets violate this rule merely to establish interest in the reader and to embellish the language to create captivating effects and beauty. This semantic theory has been applied upon the poetry of Meera Jee to justify the universality and novelty of his diction and thoughts
Informal Digital Learning of English (IDLE) by Young Learners at Primary Level: A Case Study
Full text linkThe Article titled "Informal Digital Learning of English (IDLE) By Young Learners at Primary Level: A Case Study” investigates how primary school students acquire English skills through online platforms. It examines the strategies, tools, and effectiveness of digital learning outside the traditional classroom environment. The study explores how young learners utilize digital resources like educational websites, applications, and games. Furthermore, it may assess the impact of digital learning on language acquisition, focusing on enhancements in vocabulary, grammar, and overall language proficiency. By utilizing a case study methodology, researchers observe and record the behaviors and experiences of young learners as they engage with digital English learning materials. The outcomes of the study offer insights into the advantages and challenges associated with integrating digital learning tools into primary education programs. In essence, the article underscores the significance of digital technology in facilitating English language learning among young students and provides valuable implications for educators, parents, and policymakers seeking to improve language education for primary school children
CYBERBULLYING OF FEMALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN PAKISTAN
Full text linkThe study examines the growing issue of cyberbullying, which is intertwined with traditional bullying due to technological advancements. It focuses on understanding how female university students in Pakistan perceive, experience, and respond to cyberbullying and its impact on their academic achievements. The research employs a theoretical framework based on symbolic interactionism and uses a quantitative approach through a survey questionnaire for broad insights. The study involves 200 participants selected conveniently via an online survey from four major Pakistani universities. Data analysis is done using Linear Regression, revealing that cyberbullying experience affects perception and academic performance. Furthermore, individuals' responses to cyberbullying are linked to their awareness of the issue. This research collectively provides valuable insights into how female university students in Pakistan navigate cyberbullying
CORPUS- BASED METAPHORICAL FRAMING ANALYSIS OF WAR AND GENOCIDE METAPHORS IN THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONFLICT IN WESTERN MEDIA
Full text link This research proposes an operational approach to a metaphorical framing analysis while using large-scale data of western media. This study employs both qualitative and quantitative methods to critically and discursively analyze the coverage of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict by two prominent Western media outlets, CNN and The Guardian, over a ten-month period from 7th October 2023 to 10th July 2024. Focusing specifically on the metaphors of “war” and “genocide,” the research aims to uncover how these terms frame the conflict and shape public perception. The analysis reveals that the term “war” appears 443 times, constituting 0.45% of the corpus, while “genocide” occurs 377 times, or 0.38% of the corpus. These findings highlight the significant role of these terms in framing the conflict as a persistent state of military aggression and a moral crisis, respectively. Collocation analysis shows that “war” and “genocide” shares a narrative that evokes strong emotional responses and images of cruelty, victimization, and brutality. The concordance lines of “war” frequently depict the conflict as damaging and urgent, with negative semantic prosody emphasizing large-scale and long-term struggles. Similarly, “genocide” carries a negative semantic prosody, framing the conflict in terms of extreme moral and humanitarian crises, and evoking accusations of intentional acts of brutality. Additionally, thematic and content analysis reveals key themes associated with these metaphors, displaying their narratives. The study concludes that Western media frames the conflict through a wide range of perspectives, significantly influencing both regional and global interpretations.
 
کلام اکبؔر الٰہ آبادی میں صنائع و بدائع کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ
No full textThere is a high combination of innovations in the speech of Akbar Allahabadi and this artistic quality is the life of his speech. The speech of Akbar Allahabadi is full of both intellectual and technical references. The style is sometimes smooth and sometimes extremely difficult. The influence of Persian, Arabic, Hindi and especially English language and style has created a creative splendor. Akbar's speech is rich in innovations. Overall, Akbar has a beautiful blend of artistry in both stylistic and technical terms. He has shown artistic skill in the use of bahr, rhyme, radif, simile, metaphor, majaz e mursal, kinaya etc.
Key words: Akbar Allahabadi , poet , sarcasm , humor , Sanaye badaye , rhyme, simile, metaphor, radif, individual status, art and thought, poems
ناول “انسان اور دیوتا” کے تہذیبی و فکری تصورات
No full text Insan and Devta (Man and the Spirit) a captivating novel by Naseem Hijazi present those colors of Hindu society which keeps people divided and classified since centuries. This division has casted adverse affects on India. The Themes of life, nature, existential crisis, helplessness and human struggle are explored and presented in this novel. The current study explores these themes through the textual analysis.  
حبیب موہانہ کے سرائیکی ناولوں میں متحرک کرداروں کا تنقیدی جائزہ: A Critical Analysis of Dynamic Characters in Habib Mohana’s Saraiki Novels
Full text link A critical analysis of dynamic characters in Habib Mohana's Saraiki novels is an important literary study that highlights the description of characters, their psychology and their socio-cultural background in his novels. This analysis examines the depth of Habib Mohana's characters, their development and the importance of characters in the structure of his story. This study also sheds light on how Habib Mohana portrays the Saraiki social and cultural elements through his characters, and how his characters drive the story of the novel. The purpose of this analysis is to understand the creative significance of Mohana's dynamic characters and to enhance the value of his literary work. Habib Mohana has published two novels including "اللہ لہیسی مُونجھاں" and "کھڑی ڈیندی ہاں سنہڑے". This paper contains a critical analysis of dynamic characters in Mohana's novels. 
عباس خان کے ناولوں کا تنقیدی جائزہ
No full textAbbas Khan is a great novelist of Urdu literature,a unique fiction writer, an important columnist, letter writer, sketch writer and a great philosopher. He belongs to Bhakkar district of Punjab. His prose capital has been published in national and international journals. Special sections of various issues have been published on his art and style. He has been awarded various honors for literary services. His novels "Zakhm Gawa Hain, To Aur To, Main Aur Amrao Jaan Ada" have a unique and important place in Urdu literature۔ Technically, the style of his novels is new and unique. He made new themes a part of novels. In his novels, the flaws of the judicial system are highlighted. His novels are objective in which people are taught to stay away from social evils
اُردوکی ترویج واشاعت میں علما ومدارس کا کردار
No full textIn the early third decade of the 20th century and the period after that, the dominant class of Urdu writers and poets was the product of religious madrasas, and the leadership and dominance of literature were in the hands of this class. It went into the hands of the likes. It was a sign of moral failure that the youth influenced by communism tried to exclude from the realm of literature any literature in which religion was mixed or morality was involved. Religious poets and writers were given the names of millas and sermons on the basis of prejudice; novels and fictions written on sexual themes were considered original literature. In these conditions, literature was divided into two parts; morals and manners became anathema to abiologists; however, the number of readers of healthy literature did not decrease. Until a time, the literary writings and works of scholars were considered masterpieces of literature
Gendered Language Practices in English-Medium Educational Institutions in Pakistan: A Sociolinguistic Analysis
Full text linkResearch has been done on gender and English performance between students and teachers regarding classroom interactions and written assignments. It looked at the way interruptions occurred, polite strategies, assertiveness, and language choices. Through convenient sampling, students and teachers (M/F = 40; 20:20) were enrolled. The writer examined students and their teachers within fifteen conversation days. Their conversation was scored according to a checklist approved by the experts, who cited specific goals that voters and other citizens might have in mind. They were also interviewed to gain a deeper insight into the style of their conversations. In classroom settings, there were gender-based differences in communication style between students and teachers, as a study showed. Male students interrupted more often and made more rude interruptions, whereas female students were more prone to two supportive interruptions. Female students/teachers were considered more assertive but still polite, as they were observed to support their interruptions with advice and use complex language to create a cooperative and respectful classroom atmosphere. Universities may wish to introduce training programs to teach faculty and students about gendered communication and how it can shape classroom exchanges