Journal of Research (Urdu)
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غدارِ وطن شاعر ناظم حکمت کی حب الوطنی
No full textNazim Hikmet Ran was one of the most important and influential figures in 20th century Turkish literature. But he was accused as a traitor of country by the Turkish state. So he was arrested and sentenced for many years in prison and his works were banned in his native country and he himself suffered long exile. Despite his persecution by the Turkish state, Nazim Hikmet was always and is ever more revered by the Turkish nation. His poems depicting the people of the countryside, villages towns and cities of his homeland, i.e. Human Landscape from my Country as well as the Epic of the War of Independence and the Force of the Nation (Kuvva-e Milliye) are considered among the greatest patriotic literary works in Turkey
مالا بد في نظم الشعر العربي
No full textProsody is a branch of linguistics. it occupies a very significant place particularly in Arabic language. Al-Khalil Bin Ahmad Al-frahidi is considered to be the founder of this science. The credit goes to Al-frahidi for his diligent and pain staking analysis of Arabic poetry. In this paper the researcher has described the rules and regulations pertaining to the aspects of prosody that is meters (بحور) and analysis of rhymes. This article deals with only four meters (بحور) with their scansion (تقطیع), out of sixteen, so that the readers may benefit from this intensive study
صورة المرأة الباكستانية في القصة الأردية المعاصرة
Get PDFThe Urdu short story since it became a part of Urdu literature in the beginning of the 20th century tried to express the society of Indu – Pak subcontinent. After the partition of the subcontinent in 1947 and establishment of Pakistan the Urdu short story tried to reflect the new society of Pakistan and present its problems. The Pakistani woman naturally was – and still - a pillar of Urdu short story , so we can draw a clear picture of the Pakistani woman as a mother , sister , daughter and wife through the Urdu short stories written after 1947 , and this article discusses this topic
اردو میں خرد افروزی کی فکری روایت
No full textThe Movement of Rationalism, which dominated the world in 17th and 18th century, began in Europe. It replaced the dogmatic approach of the Dark ages with scientific way of thinking. In this article, an overview of how this movement began and what imparts did this movement impart to Urdu language and literature is, besides setting rational grounds for the religion this movement promoted scientific approach whose impacts are quite obvious in Urdu Language and Literature
اردو ناول نگاری میں شعور کی رو کی اہمیت
No full text"Stream of Consciousness" plays an effective and influencing role in "Novel Writing". This technique inspires readers towards the objectivity which the author wishes to convey. It reflects the images accordingly on the mirror of life. Thoughts, ideas and imaginations are oriented by this technique to streamline the other components of a novel. This trend has been adopted by Urdu novelist because of the western influence in literature. This technique i.e, "Stream of Consciousness" streamlines the thoughts of the readers and they pick the message of the author in an effective manner
جدید اردو افسانے میں عورت کی آواز
No full textThis research paper reflects the voices of women in Urdu short story. The problems which a Pakistani woman is facing are being carried out by the short story writer. Different women writers also presented these problems in their fiction. This article discusses these problems
نئی شاعری کی تحریک اوراس کے اہم علمبردار
No full textThis research article reflect the contribution of a modern literary movement namely movement of new poetry. It had been discussed in the article that in 1960, the writing literary living in Pakistan felt that the old paradigm style, techniques and their topics as well have been out dated. So they started to express their poets in the form of symbolism that main poets who contributed in this movement are Iftikhar Jalib, Anis Nagi, Abdul Rashid, Zahid Dar and Tabsum Kashmiri
مجید امجد کی شاعری میں سائنسی شعور کی جھلک
No full textMajeed Amjad is considered to be as a trend-setting poet of 20th century. His poetry in terms of craft and thought is reflection of the impulse of his age. He has not only figured out the political, social, cultural and linguistic seen in his poetry but also he has touched the subjects of philosophy, metaphysics, and psychology. And he also made science and astronomy as the subject of his poetry but also molded these thoughts in his creative experiences. This critical essay is an overview of Majeed Amjad's poetry and specially that poetry which represents the scientific consciousness. This has been delineated in this essay, with different references and examples that the subject of scientific consciousness has a very significant importance in his poetry and how Majeed Amjad makes it the part of his creative experience
یگانہ اور فراق کی غزل: رومانوی تحریک کے تناظر میں
No full textYas Yagana Changezi and Firaq Gorakhpuri are very important poets for their contribution in establishing new style of Urdu Ghazal in modern era. They were contemporaries of Romanvi Tehreek in Urdu literature but they are not discussed in this context. In this article the writer has tried to identify Romantic elements in their Ghazal
اردو کارپس: تکنیکی تعارف، اہمیت، ضرورت اور دائرہ و لائحہ عمل
No full textThis article emphasizes the need of Urdu corpus on the example of the Bank of English and the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) which are serving as the backbone of English language engineering, discourse analysis, corpus amp; lexicon development and works of the same fiber. This proposed Urdu corpus, namely The Bank of Urdu (TBU), will be a repository of Urdu texts of both written and spoken language gathered in platform-independent amp; machine-readable Indo-Perso-Arabic script. Since the mentioned English corpora have exactly the same architecture and interface so while comparing the TBU with the structure of English corpora, the name "English Corpus" will refer to both these repositories in this document. Add to devising its scope, technical and design issues of the architecture amp; interface of TBU are discussed in this introductory paper. Issues like those of code-mixing, false friends and homonyms in Urdu are addressed. Together, solution is given to standardize the Urdu orthograph for this work. Exemplary web view of the user interface is provided. Available Urdu written texts are mostly literature-oriented, so from the data gathering standpoint the proposed TBU must deviate from standard roadways of the English corpora at many instances. This fact is specially dealt with. A study of word-count and of lexicalizing high-frequency Urdu words in Urdu dictionaries of note is made part of this thesis. Aimed at discourse analysis, language engineering and natural language processing in Urdu, and of course, providing vital base for contemporary Urdu lexicon development, this proposed portal will not only separate Urdu language from Urdu literature but will also cast regional Pakistani languages in stationing their scholarly resources in their own scripts for such researches. This paper on TBU is a proposal of Dr Hafiz Safwan Muhammad Chohan for giving initial shape to the idea of Urdu Data Bank (UDB) of the Center of Excellence for Urdu Informatics (CEUI), National Language Authority (NLA) Islamabad. Due to homonymy of UDB with the Urdu Data Base, UDB was renamed as TBU at the CEUI in a consensus with the scholars of Urdu, IT professionals and representatives of the GoP from Cabinet Division amp; Planning Division. In this national workshop viz. "Urdu Informatics" Today amp; Tomorrow" held on 7-8 June 2008 in the NLA, Dr Chohan also coined the Urdu equivalent of TBU as اردو مثال گھر which was accepted by the participants. Acknowledgement amp; Dedication: Dr Hafiz Safwan Muhammad Chohan has been in contact with Prof John McHardy Sinclair (June 14, 1933 - March 13, 2007), Professor of Modern English Language at Birmingham University, 1965-2000. He pioneered work in corpus linguistics, discourse analysis, lexicography, and language teaching, and was the man behind the machine gun of British National Corpus (BNC) and the Collins COBUILD dictionaries. There is no trend of dedicating research papers to any person but with high regret that this paper (both in Urdu amp; in English) was not written when he was alive, this effort is being dedicated to him