UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
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Political Instability: A case study of Pakistan
No full textPolitical instability has become a serious and threatening problem especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. It is creating massive problems and hindering the development of these countries. The theme of this article revolves around the problem of political stability in context of identity and legitimacy crisis in Pakistan. Political stability plays an important role in keeping society integrated and in maintaining legitimacy within the state. It is a prerequisite for the economic development, social integration, and supremacy of law in a state. The stability of political system has direct effects on the processes of nation and state building. These both require stable political systems for their growth and flourishing. The development of nation and state without firm and organized system of politics is not possible and government becomes only a tug of war amongst various interest groups. In sum, article endeavors to explore thepossible causes and effects of political instability in Pakistan
Historical Trajectory of the Development of the Concept of Civil Society in Europe: From Aristotle to Gramsci
No full textThe term civil society has become a part of the contemporary political lexicon. Despite its popularity in the contemporary development discourse, it is a polysemous concept, which has been given different meanings in varied historicaltemporal contexts in Europe by thinkers and theorists having diverse theoretical positions. That is why the concept is characterized by much theoretical ambiguity and conceptual complexity. The present article intends to explore the development of the concept of civil society in Europe through the ages in a historical perspective since it is a historicallyembedded concept. Civil society was understood as a political community by Aristotle, as a sphere of absolute sovereignty or state in contrast to the state of nature by Hobbes andLocke, as a critique to absolutism or monarchy by Montesquieu and Kant, as a self-regulatory and selfgoverning society in opposition the state by Ferguson, as a realm of economic relations by Smith, as a legal sphere of the state by Hegel, as an economic structure in a polity by Marx, as a realm of secondary institutions and intermediary organizations by de Tocqueville, and as a domain of voluntary associations counterpoint to the state by Gramsci. This paperis an attempt to briefly investigate and examine the contributions of the above-mentioned political thinkers and theorists in the conceptual development of the idea of civil society
Indian Foreign Policy; Continuity and Readjustments
No full textThe US-India deal on civilian nuclear cooperation is far from to purse its idealistic third wordlist causes. The present study focuses on to highlight India‟s Janus-faced foreign policy. This strategy was reflected strongly in 2005 when India supported IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) resolution against Iran‟s nuclear activities; India ended siding with the US camp, and several leaps away from its traditional adherence to positions of non-alignment. India focused on specific states from strategic and military perspectives where some states are viewed in terms of trading matter. India views that maximum level of participation in regional organization will make path for acquiring more influential role in regional and global politics
BBC as a diasporic mass medium or an agent of public diplomacy: Users' perceptions in Pakistan and Germany
No full textBBC World's Urdu Service is deemed as an important, free and fair mass medium in Pakistan , and is regarded as a good source of connecting Pakistani diaspora living in different parts of the world to their homeland and vice versa. However, shifts in global politics, especially the so called „Global War on Terror' (which is considered to be a Western holy war against Islam) on one hand,and professional and technological developments in the field of mass communication in Pakistan, particularly the proliferation of indigenous private electronic news mass media on the other, have affected credibility of the BBC Urdu Service among users. This paper is based on empirical research in Pakistan and among the Pakistani diaspora in Germany. It investigates how the BBC Urdu Service is used on an everyday basis and at times of crisis. It situates the use of the BBC Urdu services in the wider context of news media consumption of our sample group. Through the use of group discussion, in-depth interview techniques and archival data from BBC we offer a unique analytical perspective on the changing role of the BBCWS (BBC Urdu Service) as an international broadcaster and as an agent of public diplomacy
An Analytical Overview of US-India Relations
No full textThe rapidly changing international world scenario demands more time to move on dealing with economic and security challenges. In this perspective, the purpose of this article is to take an analytical overview of two strategic partners’ relations, India and the United States of America. These both countries have their own specific agendas to pursue their interests. The diplomatic events in the Indian foreign policy proved that the Indian political leadership focused on tactical relations with the international community in the pursuing of national interests. Profiled responsible institutional attitude placed India to play a vital and meaningful role in the regional and international politics. That is why the ‘123Agreement’ opened a new dimension of US India relations to avail new challenges and opportunities. Again the revival of the New Great Game in Central Asian region forced India to understand the US presence in Afghanistan as tactfully and strategically. Irrespective of common clashes and interest, it is observed that Washington showed serious reservations to those steps, which can encircle to economic and strategic benefits of Indians
Challenges to Pakistan’s Internal Security
No full textIn the present world, there are traditional as well as non-traditional threats to the survival and development of a sovereign state. These nontraditional threats come in the form of terrorism, extremism, drug trafficking, serious communicable diseases, piracy, illegal immigration, environmental security, economic and financial security, and information security. The aim of this paper is to highlight the areas that are critical to Pakistan’s internal security and to evaluate the level of understanding ofthese threats and to assess the effectiveness of the measures to check these threats, to develop an academic discourse for finding ways and means to address these national security threats
Strategic Partners or Tactical Allies: Pak-US relations in the post-9/11 era
No full textThis paper is based on the hypothesis that despite the assertions made by Islamabad and Washington that Pakistan and the United States have entered into a “long term strategic relationship” after 9/11, the latter still considers the former a tactical ally rather than a strategic partner
The Military Regime and Pakistan's Political And Administrative System: The Performance of Musharraf Regime in the First Year
No full textAs the Musharraf regime complete is first yer in office, it faces a serious challenge on several fronts. Today, Pakistan's political and administratvie system is faced with graved systemic failures and structural faults. Since these faults remained prevalent for too long, the political and administrative systems have seriously mallfunctioned as a result. The Mushafrraf regime inherited a very bad political and economic situation. The past eleven years of democracy (1988-1999) had certainly failed to deliver. 
POLITICAL BEHAVIOUR IN PAKISTAN
No full textPakistan gained its independence from direct colonial rule with much hope for the betterment of its largely Muslim population of peasants and labourers, which has remained unrealized to this day, not only economically but educationally and politically. Analysts blame the failures in these important areas on the illiteracy and ignorance of the masses, lack of preparedness in democracy, immature political behaviour in their every day political affairs, decreasing level of interests in national politics and continued political instability from its independence to date
Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA): A Modern - day Anachronism?
No full textIn this research article, the author has traced the historical events that led to the formation of the tribal belt, today called the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). Spawned in the fire and fury of two contending empires, Czarist Russia and imperial Britain (the 'Great Game'), FATA blazed its way through the pages of history, establishing for imperial Britian a buffer bulwark on the northwest approaches to its colonial possessions. The author argues that the buffer has outlived its usefulness, and suggests that, as a relic of the past, it should cease to be treated as such, in his view, FATA should be merged into and integrated wholly with political administrative and legal infrastructure of Pakistan