UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
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China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: News Discourse Analysis of Indian Print Media
No full textChina-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) has turned a new leaf inhistorically proven Sino-Pak relations. CPEC is expected to give easier andcheaper access to China to the Middle East and regional countries byconnecting Pakistan’s seaport, Gwadar with Western China. With thisdevelopment comes the Chinese commitment to support Pakistan’s cripplingeconomy. Despite tremendous economic and strategic benefits attached tothe region, CPEC is critically debated in Indian policy circles and Indianmedia. India worries over China’s rise in the Middle East thereby, gettingdominance in South East Asia. This paper examines the construction of CPECissuein Indian media through news discourse analysis. It sheds light on howthe Indian media shapeits public opinion through dominant media frames bypresenting an organized stereotyping projection of CPEC
Pakistan Fights Militant Extremism [Operation Zarb-i-Azb] and the Challenge of Internally Displaced Persons: A Threat to Human Security
No full textLarge- s c a l e internal displacement of the population has persistentlyhaunted the state of Pakistan. It remains one of the important securityconcerns for the policy-makers. The military operation, Zarb-i-Azb, againstmilitants in the North Waziristan, has created a large number of IDP’s,but there has been a lukewarm response from the concerned authorities ingauging the seriousness of the issue. This paper examines the dynamics ofthe state engagement with the miserable plight of the IDPs. It alsoexamines the process of rehabilitation and the possible lacunas, which can beaddressed to make the entire socio-political effort more fruitful
Child militancy in Pakistan: A Human Security Challenge
No full textIn the wake of 9/11 Pakistan has witnessed a sharp escalation in the number of children being recruited by extremist organizations. Terrorist organizations, political factions and various other extremist groups recruit children for their own religious-political agenda within the country. According to the UNICEF, more than two million children have died in conflicts and approximately 300,000 child militants are fighting conflicts. The paper argues that national security paradigm must register human security as its key element. Children of the country arePakistan’s real national security assets and their wellbeing will ensure a stable, prosperous and peaceful future. To deliberate more deeply into the subject the paper is divided into three inter-related parts: Part one dwells upon the genesis and nature of the child militancy in Pakistan; Part two analyzes the factors contributing to this dangerous trend of children being used as weapons of war by the non-state actors, finally; Part three focuses upon the various state approaches to deal with the issue of child militancy in the country. In conclusion few recommendations will be advanced to how reverse and slow down the challenge of child militants in present and future
Portrayal of Pak-US Relations Issues in Elite American Press: A comparative study of Editorial Treatment of Washington post & New York Times (Duration 2008-2012)
No full textPakistan is first Islamic Atomic Power and second largest Populated country in Muslim World after Indonesia. Pakistan has always preferred to make friendly and peaceful relations with all countries of the world. Pakistan and USA has long journey of relationship since the birth of Pakistan in 1947. The present study explored the Pak-US relations in term of War on terror, NATO supply through Pakistan to Afghanistan and Afghanistan as factor between Pak-US relations. The study was based on content analysis and editorials of two American newspapers,Washington Post and New York Times which were examined from 2008 to 2012 during Pakistan People’s Party regime in Pakistan. This research study was conducted in the light of Agenda Setting Theory and Framing Theory. It was census study and all editorials were examined during the period five years. Results of this study showed that US press gave more space to Pak-US relations during 2008 to 2012 and both newspapers published 165 editorials regarding Pak-US relations on the issues concern in which Washington Post published 90editorials and New York Times published 75 editorials. Furthermore, on all issues American press portrayed negative image of Pakistan. Hence overall treatment of both newspapers about all issues was against Pakistan and both American newspapers portrayed negative image of Pakistan
An Empirical Analysis of Globalization, Diversity and Social Cohesion
No full textSocial cohesion is not only desired for societal and political constancy but a prerequisite for sustainable economic growth and development as well. There are several factors which can mark social solidity. Current study employs the Least Squares Dummy Variables (LSDV) technique to discover the effect of globalization, diversity and income inequality on social cohesion. The analysis is conducted for several developed and developing economies, using panel data from 1990 to 2010. The results demonstrate that globalization has a substantial negative impact on social cohesion. Both diversity and Inclusiveness boost social cohesion however diversity is relatively more important in developed countries. Income inequality is also found to be detrimental for social cohesion particularly in developing countries where certain segment of population is already living below subsistence level
The Merger of FATA with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: An Historical Analysis
No full textFederally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) which has recently been merged withKhyber Pakhtunkhwa, is comparatively neglected region of Pakistan. It had seven political agencies and six frontier regions with a system of administration and judicature, significantly different from rest of the country. The legal-administrative framework for these areas had been formulated through the Frontier Crimes Regulation which was popularly known as FCR. This Regulation had been the mainstay of the government in FATA. The origin of this regulatory system dates back to the British colonial period of pre-partition India. After the creation of Pakistan, these areas remained isolated from the rest of the state territories and did not come under the orbit of the national and provincial parliaments. Constitutionally, the President of the state through the Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, who acted as an agent of the former, administered these areas. Now under the latest merger in May 2018, the entire scenario is required to be reshaped to bring these areas under the mainstream politics of the country. But prior to any regulatory or political move concerning the locality, a comprehensive analysis of the historical background seems to be pertinent. This study is an effort in that direction
CPEC and Federalism: An Analysis
No full textChina Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is considered being the Game Changer not only for Pakistan but also for the whole of South Asian region, Central Asia and Middle East. CPEC is the main component of Chinese One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative that was designed to provide alternative communications trade routes to continue the economic growth rate of Beijing which was lasted for last three decades. Apart from its international posture, Beijing also dreamed to reduce the gap between Eastern and Western China to address the question of sovereignty, to ensure the control of central government in Western China, that was threatened by the Eastern Turkistan Islamic Movement (ETIMI) in Xinjiang province. Pakistan also has reposed high expectations in CPEC in terms of politics, economics, social and strategic that still dominate the national and foreign policy since its inception. Among them, Pakistan has a federal form of government hat divide the powers between center and provinces which is guaranteed by the written constitution of Pakistan. Being a twoway traffic, federalism could not flourished smoothly and did not provide the actual and fair distribution of state power between the centers and federating units since theestablishment of current constitution in 1973. This piece of work examines andanalyses the contribution of CPEC to the addressing of issues that dominatedfederalism in Pakistan since 1947 and broke the state into two parts in 1971. It will also elaborate that CPEC will strengthen the system by providing equal share to the provinces in the billion dollars project or it will widen the gap by ignoring the small provinces in their legitimate rights. The study finds that unlike China, by analyzing the two years outcomes of CPEC, serious issues were raised from the small provinces. Additionally, the study come to the conclusion that if the central government could not take the issues and grievances of already War torn parts of Pakistan (KP, Baluchistan) and Sind, CPEC will lose its essence to make Pakistan in real terms a federal republic state, the one that is envisaged in the constitution
Situating Gilgit-Baltistan in growing China Pakistan Interdependence: Post 9/11 Scenario
No full textSouth Asia is the most pivotal region of the world which always endures with thegeopolitical and geostrategic transformation of global politics and its repercussions. Due to the Post 9/11 geopolitical landscape, China-Pakistan has bound into undeniable rapport. Meanwhile the growing US-India strategic partnership enhanced the sense of insecurity in the region which compelled both nations become closer. Gilgit-Baltistan is the region which connects both states by land. This border region also has potential for conflict escalation between India and Pakistan because India claims Gilgit-Baltistan as her integral part and looks its strategic importance for shortest routes to Afghanistan and Central Asia. Anything happens in Gilgit-Baltistan regarding security concern will affect the Pakistan-China relationship. This paper is aimed at analyzing the significance of the geostrategic setting of GB in China and Pakistan relations
Pakistan–Russia Relations and the Changing Paradigm
No full textMoscow and Islamabad underwent a transition to say bye to past and develop a strong and stable relationship on mutual benefits. This paper analyses the factors related to both states building their relations in the perspective of geopolitical, geo-economics, regional and global changes. This piece also sheds light on the regional and global forces behind the closer linking and bringing of Moscow and Islamabad.. The study finds that U.S/India strategic cooperation and the pangs of Afghanistan‟s unsteadiness play a crucial role in this regard. The discussion comes to the conclusion that strong relation of Russia with Pakistan does not mean a hostile relation with India as the later was the cornerstone of Moscow policy in South Asia and historical ally throughout the Cold War. The study also recommends that Moscow can play a vital role in easing the tension between the two rival states of South Asia through the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the Multi-polarity Movement
Impact of High and Growing Public Debt on Economic Growth in SAARC Countries: An Econometric Analysis
No full textDeveloping countries of South Asia are continuously facing problems in managing and servicing their huge public debt obligations. This high level of public indebtedness has serious implications on countries economic development. However, their economic performance continues to deteriorate due to significant outflow of resources to meet their debt obligations. The study designs to examine the structure of public debt its implications on economic growth in of SAARC economies of Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. For this purpose the penal data of selected countries for the period of 1990-2018 has been used. From the literature several factors through which public indebtedness effect economic growth have been identified: public debt to GDP ratio, debt servicing as a ratio of export earnings, net foreign financing as a ratio of total deficits, private and public investment as ratio of GDP. Besides these variables some policy, fundamental and shock variables like inflation, exchange rate, terms of trade and population growth. For analysis of data the econometrics techniques like Fixed Effect Model, Hausman Test and PMG/ PanelARDL approach have been applied to analyze the long run association among theregressors. The results of the study reveal that public debt negatively affected the economic performance both in short period and long period. The study concludes that presently, simultaneous achievement of desirable level of economic growth and public debt stock seems to be difficult and could remain elusive if some serious measures are not taken