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Sociology and Literature: Notes on an Ambivalent Affinity
No full textPolazeći od šireg okvira samorazumevanja sociologije kao nauke, u radu se
razmatra pitanje bliskosti sociologije s književnošću, onako kako se ono manifestuje u disciplinarnim
praksama i samorefleksiji, od nastanka discipline do danas. Prepoznaju se četiri
osnovna načina na koje se ta veza uspostavlja: 1) preko predmeta: i književnost i sociologija
bave se sudbinom čoveka u društvenim okolnostima; 2) preko društvene lokacije i društvene
uloge: obe su intelektualne prakse koje se odvijaju u povlašćenim odeljcima društvenog
prostora i nose posebnu društvenu odgovornost; 3) kroz kategoriju „pisanja“: i sociološki
proizvodi imaju formu teksta i karakter (ko)autorskog dela; 4) preko kognitivne strukture: i
sociologija i književnost teže da prodru kroz površinski sloj svakodnevnih banalnosti kako
bi doprle do dubljih uvida. Svaki od ovih oblika se kratko kritički predstavlja i izvlače se
njegove implikacije po metateorijsko i metametodološko pozicioniranje sociologije. U zaključku
se obrazlaže stanovište da je sociologiji, kao nauci smeštenoj između književne i
prirodnonaučne kulture, potrebno da u većoj meri osvesti svoju višeslojnu bliskost s književnošću
i da joj dosledno promišljanje ove veze može pomoći da se revitalizuje.The paper begins with Wolf Lepenies’ idea of sociology as a “third culture“, positioned between science and the humanities. Lepenies argues that sociology arose in the 19th century in the context of a bitter rivalry with literature, as both contestants sought to become the principal guide in helping humanity find its way in the new, modern society ushered in by political and industrial revolutions of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. This competition forced sociology to seek legitimacy at the opposite side by borrowing epistemological principles from natural science, which eventually resulted in sociology’s irremediably “middle“ position, which has defined it ever since. The paper focuses on one side of the triangle only, i.e. the relation of sociology to literature, and reviews four possible ways in which the affinity between the two has been construed in sociology’s self-reflection and professional practice. 1) One is based on the recognition of similarities in contents, arguing that both speak of essentially the same subject matter – individuals, families and their destinies within society, conveyed through narrative. Here, the 19th century novel is particularly pertinent, with writers such as Balzac, Zola, and Flaubert leading the way. 2) The
second form of affinity points to the similarly privileged social position of both disciplines, and the concomitant responsibility that is ascribed to each in redressing social wrongs and changing the social world for the better. Bourdieu’s conceptualization of the issue is discussed as the most fruitful. 3) Third, the category of “writing“ connects them as two different forms of textual production, with both being subject to comparable requirements of style, genre, and rhetoric. Within contemporary sociology, Jeffrey Alexander’s cultural sociology and social constructionism refracted through sociology’s methodological legacy of qualitative analysis are taken as representative in understanding of sociology as close to literary production. 4) The most abstract conceptualization of similarities locates them at the level of cognitive structures, with both literature and sociology seeking to uncover deeper truths hidden under the screen of self-evident conventions and routines of everyday life. Here, the examples are provided by Lahire’s interpretation of Kafka and Boltanski’s argument about parallels between sociology and detective and spy novels, as well as by more general discussions of literature’s stylistic devices that sometimes give it an advantage in capturing aspects of social reality. In conclusion, it is argued that sociology remains a “third culture“ and that a closer and more open-minded reflection on
its affinity with literature could help revitalize its potentials in the contemporary context
The Relationship Between Hindus and Saint Thomas Christians as an Example of Religious Tolerance
No full textSaint Thomas Christians are autochthones Indian Christians who settled in the south of India during the III century AD. They are a vibrant ethno-religious group that constitutes approximately 12,5% of the population of the Indian state of Kerala. Throughout history, Saint Thomas Christians have coexisted mostly peacefully with the predominantly Hindu population. Bearing that in mind, the fundamental goal of this study is to determine the factors that have led to two highly distinct religious traditions living in harmony and tolerant coexistence for almost two millennia. The aim of this paper is to ascertain whether this interreligious harmony is connected to the unique worldview of Hinduism, which, due to its internal characteristics, is capable of peacefully integrating other religions. Saint Thomas Christians have integrated into the Hindu social order as a distinct ethno-religious group organized in two major subcastes whilst retaining their core theological beliefs and ritual practices. The caste system inherent in Hinduism could have facilitated a higher degree of religious tolerance by granting separate ethno-religious groups the autonomy to organize their own religious practices as long as they adhere to the basic norms of caste behavior. A broader objective of this paper is to draw lessons from the example of mutual tolerance and coexistence between the Hindus and the Saint Thomas Christians, the lessons of the highest value for the conceivable resolution of religious and other conflicts in different parts of the world.Selected papers from The First World Conference for Religious Dialogue and Cooperation “Religious Conflicts in the World: Causes and Possible Solutions”, October 4.-8., 2023 Struga, North Macedonia
Функциональное базовое образование взрослых – возможности развития целостной личности учащих
No full textFor many illiterate individuals, adult basic
education represents a second and final chance to acquire formal
education. Should this specific form of adult basic education,
implemented in Serbia as Functional Basic Education of Adults,
solely offer condensed knowledge to participants, or does it have
the potential for transformation and the development of the holistic
personalities of learners? Students of andragogy at the Faculty of
Philosophy in Belgrade have attempted to answer this complex
question, and their responses provide grounds for andragogical
optimism.Начальное образование взрослых для
многих неграмотных людей – второй и последний шанс
получить формальное образование. Эта специфичная форма
реализации базового образования, реализуемая в Сербии как
Функциональное базовое образование взрослых, должна ли
предлагать учащимся исключительно сжатые знания или у неё
есть потенциал для трансформации и развития целостной
личности учащих? На этот сложный вопрос пытались ответить студенты андрагогии Философского факультета в
Белграде, и их ответы дают повода андрагогическому
оптимизму.Međunarodna naučno-praktična konferencija, posvećena 85. godišnjici doktora psiholoških nauka, Profesor, zaslužni radnik visokog obrazovanja Ruske Federacije, Počasni profesor RUDN-a Patrice Lumumba, Aleksandar Ivanovič Krupnov, Moskva, Univerzitet RUDN, 26. april 202
Kuvanjem do emancipacije? Ukus i gastronomsko nasleđe kao sredstvo pozitivne identifikacije
No full textOdnos prema ukusu i„tradicionalnoj“ lokalno specifičnoj pripre- mi hrane ima značajno mesto u procesima identifikacije zajednice. On čini jednu od najznačajnijih poveznica s okruženjem iz kog potičemo ili kome pripadamo. Gastronomsko nasleđe upućuje upravo na specifično- sti regija koje pored drugih kulturnih aspekata identiteta imaju snažnu vezu sa samim geografskim i klimatskim karakteristikama prostora, a samim tim i tradicijama zajednice. Međutim, postavlja se pitanje da li se identifikacijski potencijal ukusa, kao sartrovski definisanog okidača sećanja, može upotrebiti na drugačije načine, koji nisu predominantno predstavljačko (turističko) sredstvo? Da li ukus može služiti okupljanju zajednice i njenom osnaživanju? Ovaj rad fokusiraće se na specifičan primer emisije„Amari Romani kuhinje“ autorke Laure Saitović, bazirane na upotrebi digitalnih medija i formata razvijanih za potrebe specifičnih tipova društvenih mreža (TikTok).„Amari Romani kuhinja“ definiše paletu ukusa i mirisa koje je nemoguće osetiti, ali koji kroz deskripciju postaju opipljivi i vrlo vešto se pretvaraju u tačku pozitivne samoidentifikacije
Koliko vredi nastavnik? Evaluacija rada nastavnika u eri globalnog neoliberalizma
No full textU radu se diskutuje o uticaju neoliberalizma na obrazovne politike kojima se uređuje rad i evaluacija rada
nastavnika. Cilj rada je analiza trendova razvoja i reprodukcije vrednosti unutar aktuelnih modela evaluacije
nastavnika, kako na globalnom nivou tako i u kontekstu Republike Srbije. Trendovi su analizirani pregledom
radova o kvalitetu nastavnika u aktuelnom društveno-političkom kontekstu, pregledom dokumenata najdominantnijih globalnih obrazovnih politika, ali i nacionalnih strategija razvoja obrazovanja i vaspitanja. Kao
centralne vrednosti pomenutih politika identifikovane su tržišne vrednosti, standardizacija, individualizam,
lična odgovornost nastavnika i opšta instrumentalizacija obrazovanja. U kontekstu Srbije, primećuje se tendencija usvajanja trendova pomenutih globalnih politika, ali i nedostatak podrške za nastavnički profesionalni razvoj uz nedoslednost razvojnih strategija. U završnim razmatranjima poziva se na dijalog i traženje
alternativa u evaluaciji koje bi podsticale vrednosti emancipacije, autonomije i demokratije, naglašavajući
važnost participacije nastavnika u evaluativnom procesu, a u službi dekonstrukcije postojećih obrazaca moći
unutar sistema.Odeljenje za pedagogiju i andragogiju Filozofskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu i Pedagoško društvo Srbije organizovali su, u okviru Susreta pedagoga, nacionalni naučni skup sa temom „Kuda se kreće vaspitanje i obrazovanje: vrednosti kao putokaz“, Filozofski fakultet u Beogradu, 27. maj 2024
Nasilje i empatija: Predstave bičevanja u Boki Kotorskoj ranog modernog doba
No full textСцене бичевања у Боки Которској у раном модерном добу могу се пронаћи
у вербалним и визуелним изворима везаним за страдање Христа, мартиријум
Светог Трипуна и у кратким вињетама из живота Блажене Озане. Ове три групе
извора, иако међусобно различите, јасно показују промјену концептуализације
насиља послије 16. вијека у Боки Которској. Присуство крви, рана, дисторзије
тијела и елемената аскетизма, који се доминантно везују за средњовјековну иконографију насиља, током 17. и 18. вијека у великој мјери нестају из визуелног
вокабулара страдања. Међутим, у вербалним описима тјелесних патњи из истог
периода, ови елементи итекако опстају. Циљ овог рада је да укаже на перформативни потенцијал који су овакве представе имале у креирању емпатије код посматрача. Излагање разнородним текстуалним и визуелним импулсима имало је
за циљ психолошко, али и тјелесно идентификовање вјерника са представљеним
актерима страдања. Компаративном анализом, кроз призму студија историје
тијела и емоција, анализираће се разлози за одсуство јасних иконографских назнака насиља у сценама бичевања раног модерног доба.Национална научна kонференција: Тело и насиље у уметности и визуелној култури раног модерног доба, Београд, 29. мај 2024
Više (od) demokratije: koncepcije i evaluacije demokratije kod građana Evrope
Get PDFSocial and political theory recognizes several conjunctural, as well as long-term factors that shape how citizens conceptualize democracy and what they expect from it. Based on Round 10 of the European Social Survey, we analyse how Europeans view and evaluate democracy, distinguishing liberal (basic) model and several additions, such as social-democratic, participatory and populist models (that we analyse integrated as alternative model of democracy). We explore whether liberal and alternative models of democracy are mutually complementary or exclusionary, and which model prevails, but also to what extent there are discrepancies between the normative elements and evaluated outcomes. The paper examines whether and how the length of historical experience with democracy (operationalized through different waves of democratization) influences the predominant normative of democracy, as well as evaluations of the implemented standards. Finally, in the last section, the aim of the analysis is to draw conclusions on the profile of both proponents of liberal and alternative models of democracy but also of critical citizens, who value democracy as an ideal, while remaining wary in terms of its empirical manifestations.Društvena i politička teorija prepoznaje nekoliko konjunkturnih, kao i više dugoročnih
činilaca koji oblikuju način na koji građani koncipiraju demokratiju i njihova
očekivanja u tom pogledu. Polazeći od 10. ciklusa Evropskog društvenog istraživanja,
istražujemo kako Evropljani vide i ocenjuju demokratiju, razlikujući liberalni (bazični)
model i nekoliko dodatnih, poput socijaldemokratskog, participativnog i populističkog
(koje smo u analizi podveli pod alternativni model demokratije). Ispitujemo jesu li
liberalni i alternativni modeli demokratije uzajamno komplementarni ili isključujući,
kao i koji model preovlađuje, te postoje li odstupanja između normativnih elemenata i
ocene učinaka. U radu se proučava uticaj dužine istorijskog iskustva sa demokratijom
(operacionalizovane kroz različite talase demokratizacije) na dominantne normative
o demokratiji, kao i na evaluacije implementiranih standarda. Na kraju, u poslednjem
odeljku, nastojimo da izvedemo zaključke o profilu pristalica liberalnog i alternativnih modela demokratije, te kritičkim građanima koji vrednuju demokratiju kao ideal, ali
iskazuju rezerve u odnosu na njena empirijska ispoljavanja.The text was written based on the conference presentation „Views and evaluations of democracy in
the post-Yugoslav societies“ (presented by Jelena Pešić, Ana Birešev and Tamara Petrović Trifunović),
within the international scientific conference Sociological Perspectives on Contemporary Post-Yugoslav
Societies, organised by Scientific Sociological Association of Serbia in Belgrade, May 26-27 2023
Who am I when the conversation ends? Adolescent identity co-construction when friendship is at risk – combining “small story” & “big story” narrative approach
Get PDFThe emergence of the "Small story" approach revived the narrative psychology, clashing with the “Big story” approach and allowing us to grasp performative and processual phenomena. “Small story” researchers faced the challenge of developing methodology for analysing interactional co-creation of identities through negotiation. Discursive approach to positioning analysis (which we further expanded) is how this issue was tackled. The second challenge guiding this study involves turning the first one upside-down: how interactively constructed event version(s) and identity positions reshape our personal narrative, including our self-constructions? Six adolescent pairs of close friends participated in two research phases: (1) individual interviews regarding their recent conflict, on which narrative analysis was performed; (2) negotiation of their conflict in interaction, where expanded discursive approach to positioning analysis was utilised. The results reveal specific composition of individual stories and their inherent contradictions, understood in terms of managing two stakes: (a) preserving the friendship and (b) keeping favourable identity positionings, while defending against the unfavourable ones. Preserving a relationship often trumped favourable self-positioning. Constructing a shared version of the key aspects of the conflict was not necessary for friendship maintenance. Even when achieved, disjunctive points co-existed parallel to it, although not always disclosed. Finally, several narrative strategies for rupture repair were mapped. Based on the analysis, we propose the “RE-INTEGRATE” framework which combines interaction analysis and traditional narrative approach. Going back to the famous question – "Big or small stories, why do we care?", we answer: as psychologists we should care – for both
The Urban Development of New Kotež Neimar in Belgrade from the Garden City to a Settlement in the Age of Globalisation
Get PDFPosle uspeha izgradnje Kotež Neimara kao jednog od prvih planski građenih naselja u Beogradu s početka treće decenije dvadesetog veka, Građevinsko preduzeće „Neimar a. d.“ je rešilo da proširenjem atara grada podigne još jedno naselje. Područje između današnjeg Bulevara kralja Aleksandra, Gospodara Vučića, Vojislava Ilića i Stanislava Sremčevića je prvobitno služilo „Neimaru“ za ciglanu i prateće industrijske objekte. Godine 1934. doneta je odluka da se to zemljište isparceliše i izrađen je urbanistički plan koji se delimično oslanjao na prethodna iskustva sličnih naselja, poput Profesorske i Činovničke kolonije u Beogradu. Predviđene su široke ulice sa dvoredima i prostrani skverovi, dok je tip stanovanja koji bi preovladavao bio jednoporodični. Naselje je u novinama reklamirano kao „Novi Kotež Neimar“, međutim uspeh prehodnog naselja nije ponovljen. Završetak izgradnje Novog Kotež Neimara je omela nedoslednost u sprovođenju inicijalne zamisli ali i početak Drugog svetskog rata. Tokom decenija naselje je postepeno izgubilo svoj originalni naziv, doživljavalo je transformacije i intervencije, ali je do danas zadržalo svoju originalnu urbanu matricu i čini se manje devastiranim od prvog Kotež Neimara. Iako su oba naselja predmet velikog interesovanja investitora, njihova transformacija se odvija na različite načine. Dok borba da se Kotež Neimar zaštiti kao prostorno kulturno-istorijska celina traje, Novi Kotež Neimar danas nije ni prepoznat kao zasebno naselje, niti su njegove urbanističke i arhitektonske vrednosti bile predmet opsežnije valorizacije. Ovaj rad zato ima za cilj da istraži istorijat izgradnje Novog Kotež Neimara, razloge njegove nedovršenosti, da ukaže njegov značaj, kao i da se osvrne na njegovo aktuelno stanje u eri dominantnog uticaja globalizacije u urbanističkoj i arhitektonskoj praksi.Treća naučna konferencija Urbana bezbednost i urbani razvoj. 01. jul 2024., Arhitektonski fakultet Beograd.
Konferenciju organizuju Fakultet Bezbednosti i Arhitektonski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu
How do adolescents engage with music in spare time? Leisure patterns and their relation with socio-demographic characteristics, well-being, and risk behaviors
No full textThis research focuses on four types of adolescents’ leisure pursuits related to music: listening to music; following music topics in the media; and extracurricular activities and hobbies related to music. Our main goal was not only to identify behavioral patterns representing adolescents’ engagement with music in leisure time but also to establish their relationship with relevant socio-demographic variables and indicators of well-being and risk behaviors. The sample comprised 1,358 secondary school students (aged 15 and 17). Five behavioral patterns were identified by principal component analysis. Three represent preferences for listening to music and are labeled rebellious, sophisticated, and energetic music preferences, whereas the fourth, following music, represents adolescents’ interest in music-related topics via media and preferences for pop and, to a lesser extent, folk music. The fifth factor, music-making, describes an active commitment to music as an extracurricular activity or hobby. The regression analysis was used to relate extracted leisure patterns not only with adolescents’ gender, age, and attendance at specific schools but also with the parameters of well-being and risk behaviors. The results are discussed in light of previous research in music psychology, leisure studies, and positive psychology. Major implications are related to music as a protective factor in a sensitive period of adolescence and adults’ responsibility not only to cherish but also to cultivate youth’s interest in it