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(How) Does emotional intelligence contribute to collaborative problem solving? Findings from a systematic review of the literature
No full textEver since emotional intelligence (EI) was proposed as a new set of abilities, there has been much interest in its possible role in teamwork. In the present paper, we systematically review this body of research, examining whether and how EI contributes to a specific type of teamwork–namely, collaborative problem solving (CPS). By CPS, we mean the joint activity of a small group whose members are fairly even in terms of competence, responsibility, and power, and thus participate equally in reaching the shared goal of solving a relatively novel and complex task. It is precisely in such small collaborative groups, having no preassigned leader or fixed hierarchy, that EI might be particularly important for regulating team dynamics and managing the problem-solving process.
Through a systematic literature search following the PRISMA guidelines, we identified 49 relevant publications, reporting data from 53 single studies. Our analysis thereof yielded the following findings: First, there is consistent and strong evidence that both objectively tested and subjectively rated EI abilities positively affect the relational aspects of CPS, such as team cohesion, team satisfaction, and team trust. Second, the evidence also consistently shows that, by improving relations within the team, EI ultimately contributes to its performance, supporting higher team effectiveness and team creativity. Third, several studies confirm that EI moderates the effects of other group variables, particularly team diversity, on CPS, again promoting better outcomes. Fourth, a small but consistent body of evidence reveals EI’s “dark side”, showing that higher recognition of negative emotions in the team can under circumstances compromise the quality of CPS. Finally, the evidence is scarce and inconclusive when it comes to the effects of EI on individual performance (e.g., team-playing behavior and emergent leadership) in CPS. We use the present findings to draw practical implications and outline avenues for future research
As time goes by: Human-wildlife dynamics in the Danube gorges throughout the Holocene
No full textThe Danube Gorges in Serbia, commonly referred to as the Iron Gates, showcase not only breathtaking landscapesbut also hold significant archaeological importance, with traces of prehistoric settlements and numerous Roman andMedieval fortifications along its banks. It boasts rich biodiversity, providing a habitat for diverse flora and fauna alongthe river course. Optimal hunting and fishing conditions, i.e. particular types of whirlpool fishing, proved to be of crucialimportance for the initial human settlement in the early Holocene. Since the Roman period, the Danube Gorgeshave witnessed the imprint of human activity, from the engineering marvels of emperor Trajan’s preparations for theDacian wars to the contemporary reshaping of the region with the construction of the Iron Gates Dams. By analyzingmammal and fish remains from archaeological sites, as well as by looking into the data regarding the biodiversity of themodern-day National Park in this area, our research will shed light on how these immense anthropogenic activitieshave shaped the biodiversity of the Danube Gorges. The research mostly relies on data collected within the ARCHAEOWILDproject, that is, the published material from different period sites, as well as on the archaeozoologicalanalyses done by the authors themselves. Key species such as red deer, brown bear, wild boar, aurochs, and belugafish take center stage, providing a nuanced understanding of historical coexistence and the enduring impact of humansocieties on the region’s fauna.30th EAA Annual Meeting Rome, Italy 28th – 31st August 2024, Saopštenje sa međunarodnog skupa štampano u izvod
Значај пописа становништва за познавање социо-демографске структуре спољних миграната из Србије
No full textПопис становништва у Србији има веома дугу традицију, још од доба кнеза Милоша, али, на самом почетку, сврха пописа није била усмерена на познавање становништва, већ на предвиђање сигурних пореских прихода државе. Након Другог светског рата, сврха пописа се мења – наиме, бројност и структуре становништва избијају у први план, те стога, поред осталог, он представља и неку врсту извора информација за доносиоце одлука. Што се тиче података о миграционој популацији, они се редовно прикупљају још од Пописа 1971. При томе, многи стандарди препоручени од стране Уједињених нација су прихваћени, али су и прилагођени овдашњим могућностима и потребама. Имајући у виду да се подаци прикупљају од чланова домаћинства, лица која нису у земљи, очекивано је мимоилажење са реалним подацима о бројности, па и структури ове групе. Међутим, анализе података прикупљених на пописима становништва представљају ваљан узорак на основу којег можемо закључити о правцима кретања и структури наших исељеника
Reform of a Memory
No full textKao svojevrstan oblik nematerijalnog kulturnog nasleđa, hrana je
direktno vezana za svakodnevicu, tradiciju i običaje, načine obeležavanja
proslava, te samim tim i za sećanja pojedinaca. Tako, danas tumačena kao
kulturno nasleđe Srbije, česta na slavskoj trpezi, reform torta, odnosno
„reforma“, čiji je karakteristični način pripreme fila na pari čini svojstve-
nom ovdašnjoj kuhinji, istovremeno je inicijalna kapisla za podsećanje
na jugoslovensko iskustvo. Naime, nekada su jugoslovenske domaćice,
osvrćući se na ime ove torte, ukazivale na to da je prvu napravila par-
tizanka posle Drugog svetskog rata, u čast reformi koje su obeležile
čitavu jednu epohu. Stoga se ova torta morala naći na trpezi svake go-
dine na proslavama Dana Jugoslovenske narodne armije. Prelistavajući
periodiku, recepte za reform tortu našli smo još u tridesetim godinama
prošlog veka, kada je ona bila deo drugačijeg kulturnog identiteta na
ovim prostorima. Analizom zapisa, individualnih uspomena i varijanti
tumačenja imena ove torte, te prilika za koje se ista priprema(la), u radu
ćemo se baviti pojmovima varljivosti sećanja, upotrebe i preoznačavanja
kulturnog nasleđa u skladu s promenama vrednosnih sistema i društve-
nih i ideoloških okvira.As a distinct form of intangible cultural heritage, food is dire-
ctly linked to everyday life, tradition, customs, ways of celebrating, and
thus individual memories. Today, interpreted as part of Serbia’s cultural
heritage and commonly found on the festive table, Reform cake, or “re-
form”with its characteristic preparation method for the custard over a
steam, holds a unique place in the local cuisine, simultaneously serving
as a catalyst for recalling the Yugoslav experience. Once, Yugoslav ho-
usewives, referring to the cake’s name, would point out that it was first
made by a partisan woman after World War II, in honor of the reforms
that marked an entire era. Therefore, this cake had to be present on
the table every year during the celebrations of the Day of the Yugoslav
People’s Army. Leafing through periodicals, we found recipes for the
Reform cake back in the 1930s when it was part of a different cultural
identity in this region. Through the analysis of records, individual me-
mories and interpretations of the cake’s name, as well as the occasions
for which it was prepared, the paper will explore the concepts of the
fallibility of memory, the use and rebranding of cultural heritage in line
with changes in value systems and social and ideological frameworks.Međunarodna multidisciplinarna konferencija „Kulturne i kreativne industrije & baština: Gastroheritage“, Reževići - Petrovac na Moru, 14 -17. mart 2024. godin
Uloga roditelja u oblikovanju moralnih vrednosti kod dece i mladih u digitalnom dobu
No full textU današnjem digitalnom dobu, uloga roditelja u oblikovanju moralnih vrednosti dece i mladih postaje sve važnije i kompleksnije pitanje. U radu je prikazan značaj definisanja moralnih vrednosti u kontekstu digitalnog sveta, ističući izazove na koje deca i mladi nailaze prilikom korišćenja interneta i društvenih mreža. Fokus je na novim ulogama koje roditelji treba da preuzmu kako bi adekvatno podržali razvoj moralnih vrednosti svoje dece u takvom okruženju. U tom smislu, roditelji imaju fundamentalnu ulogu u oblikovanju moralnih vrednosti dece, stvarajući temelj za njihovu budućnost u svetu koji se rapidno menja. Njihovo modelovanje ponašanja, postavljanje granica, podrška u moralnim dilemama i podsticanje otvorene komunikacije postaju od suštinskog
značaja kako bi se ojačao moralni kompas dece. Ovaj pristup omogućava roditeljima da aktivno učestvuju u formiranju moralnih vrednosti svoje dece i da ih osnaže za razvijanje veština potrebnih za sigurno i odgovorno korišćenje digitalnih tehnologija.Susreti pedagoga Nacionalni naučni skup "Kuda se kreće vaspitanje i obrazovanje: vrednosti kao putokaz", 27. maj 2024.,
Beogra
What do we teach children and why? Socio-emotional learning from teachers’ perspective
No full textSocio-emotional learning (SEL) is the process of learning to integrate thinking, feeling, and
behaving to achieve important life tasks and one of the important contexts where that learning
takes place is school. Teachers play an important role in SEL by integrating it into classroom
instructions or subject curricula and demonstrating socio-emotional competencies through their
own actions. Yet research lacks insight into teachers’ strategies to promote students’ SEL
within a classroom context in Serbia. The study attempted to explore teachers' practical
approaches to enhance students' socioemotional competencies in school settings. It sought to
answer: 1) What strategies would teachers use in challenging situations? 2) What specific goals
do they aim to achieve with these strategies? 3) Do their intended aims align with the strategies
implemented? The data was collected through a survey employing the vignette methodology.
In this study, five vignettes were crafted, each portraying a typical school scenario where
students display low socio-emotional competences (self-awareness, self-management, social
awareness, relationship skills, and responsible decision-making). 122 teachers from five
primary schools in Serbia participated and were asked if they would respond to the event
described in the scenario, what actions they would take, and what they aim to teach students
through those actions. A total of 605 responses to these vignettes were examined through
qualitative content analysis conducted inductively. The analysis reveals that teachers employ a
variety of strategies, with 25 teaching strategies identified, including teaching values (131),
offering negative evaluations of behavior (104), advocating for a student (66), guided analysis
of the situation (63), and logical consequences (56) being the most prevalent. Nevertheless, the
frequency of strategy use varies across situations, indicating that teachers adapt their strategies
based on the context. However, when attempting to discern patterns, it becomes evident that
strategies aimed at halting undesirable behaviors are more prevalent than those geared towards
reinforcing or introducing constructive behavior. In addition, teachers' reactions vary based on
students’ levels of participation, with lower levels being more prevalent. Notably, teachers'
reactions sometimes align partially (46.5%) or not at all (27.9%) with the intended goals. The
findings underline the need for educational programs supporting teachers in fostering students'
socioemotional competencies
Poincaré’s Structural Realism
No full textU čuvenom članku o epistemičkom strukturalnom realizmu Džon Voral
pripisao je ovu poziciju Anriju Poenkareu, što je otvorilo nov način gledanja na Po
enkareovu filozofiju nauke i pokrenulo nove rasprave vezane za interpretaciju njego
vih stavova. Dobro je poznato da je Poenkare zastupao konvencionalizam po pitanju
aksioma geometrije i osnovnih zakona mehanike, zbog čega je najčešće interpretiran
kao instrumentalista i anti- realista. U ovom tekstu želim da pojasnim strukturalističke
elemente Poenkareovog pristupa matematici i fizici. Tvrdiću da je Poenkare zaista
zastupao izvesnu verziju strukturalnog realizma i da je njegova pozicija unutrašnje
konzistentna, ako se njegov konvencionalizam razume na adekvatan način.In his famous article on epistemic structural realism from 1989, John Worrall
ascribed this position to Hanri Poicaré, which opened a new way of looking at
Poincaré’s philosophy of science and provoked new debates concerning the interpretation of his stance. It is well known that Poincaré argued for conventional status
of axioms of geometry and basic laws of mechanics and consequently, he was mostly
interpreted as instrumentalist and anti-realist. In this paper I want to clarify structural
elements in Poincaré’s approach to mathematics and physics. I will claim that Poincaré indeed assumed certain version of structural realism and that his position is
consistent if his conventionalism is properly understood
Sensory information effect in processing polysemous words
No full textIn their views on the activation of the word meaning representation (MR), PDP theories take
into account that the vast majority of words have multiple related senses, i.e., are polysemous.
Since polysemous senses share semantic features, there is a priming effect between them
(Klepousnioutou et al., 2008). In parallel, models of embodied cognition assume that the basis
of a MR of an object is a simulation of a previous sensorimotor (SM) experience with it. In
order to examine whether the modality-specific SM representation is contained in the
representational part shared between word senses, we examined whether the activation of a
modality-specific MR of one word sense helps the activation of MR of another word sense that
contains MR in the same modality. Two experiments were conducted using a priming paradigm
with 40 pairs of polysemous senses (e.g., a sealed letter and an italic letter). In both
experiments, we wanted to compare the two senses priming effect in two cases: when their
shared sensory modality is focused (e.g., seeing a sealed letter and also an italic letter) versus
when a modality unique only to the prime is focused (e.g., touching a sealed letter but not an
italic letter). The control condition consisted of trials with abstract stimuli as primes. Due to
the novelty of the procedure, a pilot experiment was conducted in which 40 participants
performed a semantic verification task (e.g. When it comes to mail, most people have seen a
letter with their own eyes). Although the crucial priming-by-modality interaction was not
observed (only the priming effect; β = -0.16, t(775.52) = -9.46, p < .001), we did learn that our
procedure elicits too long reaction times (M ≈ 2500ms), thus missing the time-niche of the
phenomenon we are investigating. Therefore, the procedure in the main experiment was
adjusted by presenting shorter stimuli (e.g. have seen a sealed letter) to 95 participants. In
accordance with our hypothesis, interaction was observed: when shared modality was focused,
the priming effect was larger (β = 0.04, t(1901) = 2.33, p = .02). Although small in size, the
interaction effect for the first time unequivocally showed that the polysemous senses share not
only semantic but also sensory features, since priming is stronger when, in addition to the
shared semantic features, the shared sensory features are also activated. This finding suggests
the compatibility of two previously unrelated theoretical views on the activation of MR.30th International Scientific Conference Empirical Studies in Psychology March 22 – 24, 2024 Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrad
Duplo mišljenje
No full textSklonost ka duplom mišljenju podrazumeva tendenciju ka istovremenom podržavanju
međusobno logički nekompatibilnih uverenja. Ako neko u isti mah iskazuje stavove koji
su međusobno suprotstavljeni, kažemo da je sklon duplom mišljenju. Kroz ovo poglav-
lje, konstrukt duplog mišljenja će najpre biti smešten u širi teorijski okvir doslednosti i
stavljen nasuprot ideji doslednosti kao univerzalne kognitivne potrebe. U prvom delu,
osvrnućemo se na važne psihološke teorije o doslednosti, kao i na različite nalaze koji
ukazuju na to da bi duplo mišljenje moglo da bude relativno zastupljen fenomen, uprkos
različitim pretpostavkama o značaju doslednosti i njenom viđenju unutar ovih teorija.
Nakon toga, biće prikazani različiti problemi i izazovi u merenju sklonosti ka duplom
mišljenju, uz prikaz postojećih operacionalizacija ovog konstrukta. U ovom delu će biti i
posebno prikazana skala Sklonosti ka duplom mišljenju i način na koji je ona razvijena.
Sledi pregled postojećih istraživanja sklonosti ka duplom mišljenju i njegovih korelata,
pre svega u domenu istraživanja verovanja u teorije zavere, kao i potencijalne oblasti za
buduća istraživanja korelata ovog konstrukta. Na kraju poglavlja, biće razmotreni razli-
čiti načini na koje bi duplo mišljenje moglo da se konceptualizuje i kakve su implikacije
tih različitih konceptualizacija duplog mišljenja po naše razumevanje duplog mišljenja
i naročito onih koji su visoko skloni nedoslednim uverenjima.Doublethink refers to the tendency to simultaneously support mutually logically
incompatible beliefs. If someone expresses two attitudes or beliefs at the same time
that contradict each other, we say they are prone to doublethink. Throughout this chapter, doublethink will first be situated within a broader theoretical framework of the
propensity for consistency and contrasted with the notion of consistency as a universal
cognitive need. In this first section, we will also look at important psychological theories
on consistency and various findings that suggest that doublethink could be a relatively
common phenomenon, despite the assumptions about the importance of consistency
and its definitions within these theories. We will go on to discuss various problems and
challenges in measuring doublethink, along with outlining various existing operationalizations of this construct. We will specifically focus on the Proneness to doublethink
scale in this section and the way it was developed. This will be followed by an overview
of existing research on the proneness to doublethink and its correlates, primarily in the
domain of belief in conspiracy theories, as well as potential areas for future research on
this construct. At the end of the chapter, we will consider different ways in which doublethink can be conceptualized and what are the implications of these models for both
our understanding of this tendency as a whole, and also especially our understanding
of those who are highly prone to inconsistent beliefs.Matični naučni odbor za filozofiju, psihologiju, pedagogiju i sociologiju Ministarstva nauke, tehnološkog razvoja i inovacija 28. novembra 2024. godine kategorisalo je tematski zbornik “Zbirka kognitivnih pristrasnosti i pogrešaka”, čiji je urednik vanredni profesor dr Kaja Damjanović, viši naučni saradnik, kao publikaciju kategorije M12 I kategorijom M14 za radove u publikaciji (monografska studija/poglavlje u knjizi M12 ili rad u tematskom zborniku međunarodnog značaja), na osnovu Pravilnika o sticanju istraživačkih I naučnih zvanja (“Sužbeni glasnik RS” broj 150/20), jer zadovoljava uslove koji su propisani za ovakav naučni rezultat. Tematski zbornik je obima 553 strane i objavljen je 2024. godine u izdanju izdavača Heliks (Beograd). Predstavlja rezultat rada 26 autora sa 14 domaćih, regionalnih i evropskih univerziteta, a oreginalni naučni radovi koje sadrži su recenzirani od strane pet domaćih I inostranih recenzenata
Sibling Function in the Context of Jacques Lacan's Identity Development Theory: Three Levels of Interpretation
No full textThis theoretical analysis builds on Lacan’s early work from 1938, which touched upon three large groups of complexes - weaning, intrusion, and Oedipus. The intrusion complex is particularly significant for this study since Lacan linked it to sibling relationships. However, he completely abandoned this concept, focusing almost exclusively on Oedipus. Some authors who followed his line of thought pointed out the neglected role of siblings in identity topology. Lacan developed his theory around mother and father functions, represented by various signifiers (e.g., mother-nature, father-law). The mother function is especially relevant throughout the mirror stage, assuming the absence of differentiation and narcissistic fusion with the nurturing object. The symbolic father function separates this imaginary relationship and introduces the subject to society. During this developmental process, the subject alienates from what was considered immanent through
identifications with these figures, concurrently creating the identity. In my previous work, I argued
how sibling intrusion changes the dynamics of the aforementioned relationships, awakening anxiety,
jealousy, and aggressiveness. Moreover, siblings represent specific objects for (de)identification
and often steer identity development in mutually opposite directions. Besides pointing out the
specificities of the sibling intrusion function in the present study, I aim to distinguish three
interdependent levels of interpretation that could help better understand identity development and
reevaluate the theory behind certain psychoanalytic concepts. By providing examples from practice
and cultural-historic context, I intend to explore manifestations/representations of the sibling
function from the intrapersonal (self-image), interpersonal (social roles), and cultural (national
identity) perspectives, simultaneously considering theoretical implications