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Perceptions of science, science communication, and climate change attitudes in 68 countries – the TISP dataset
No full textScience is integral to society because it can inform individual, government, corporate, and civil society decision-making on issues such as public health, new technologies or climate change. Yet, public distrust and populist sentiment challenge the relationship between science and society. To help researchers analyse the science-society nexus across different geographical and cultural contexts, we undertook a cross-sectional population survey resulting in a dataset of 71,922 participants in 68 countries. The data were collected between November 2022 and August 2023 as part of the global Many Labs study “Trust in Science and Science-Related Populism” (TISP). The questionnaire contained comprehensive measures for individuals’ trust in scientists, science-related populist attitudes, perceptions of the role of science in society, science media use and communication behaviour, attitudes to climate change and support for environmental policies, personality traits, political and religious views and demographic characteristics. Here, we describe the dataset, survey materials and psychometric properties of key variables. We encourage researchers to use this unique dataset for global comparative analyses on public perceptions of science and its role in society and policy-making
Proučavanje transhumantnog stočarstva u zapadnoj Hercegovini kroz integrativnu arheologiju
No full textAlthough the mountainous countryside of the Western Balkans is today only used occasionally for grazing, it has formed an integral part of pastoral landscapes since prehistoric times. The challenge, however, is how to recognise the presence of transhumance in such areas through archaeology. This article presents the integrative archaeological transdisciplinary research of a historical mountain pastoral station – a katun – on the Crvanj and Morine mountains above Nevesinje in Herzegovina. A group of remote sensing and spatial experts, prehistoric and medieval archaeologists, geoarchaeologists and soil scientists, each bringing their own unique perspective to the study, focused on two summer pastoral camps, locally named the Busovača and Tarasovača katuns, to understand the remarkable long-established occupation of these highlands.Iako se planinski krajolik zapadnog Balkana danas samo povremeno koristi za ispašu, on je sastavni dio pastoralnih krajolika još od prahistorije. Izazov je, međutim, kako pomoću arheologije prepoznati prisutnost transhumantnog stočarstva u takvim područjima. Ovaj članak je integrativno arheološko transdisciplinarno istraživanje historijske planinske pastirske stanice – katuna – na planinama Crvanj i Morine iznad Nevesinja u Hercegovini. Grupa stručnjaka za daljinsko istraživanje i prostor, arheologa prethistoričara i medijavelista, geoarheologa i pedologa, od kojih svaki donosi jedinstvenu perspektivu, usredotočila se na dva ljetna pastoralna kampa, lokalno nazvana katuni Busovača i Tarasovača, kako bi razumjeli izuzetnu i dugotrajnu prisutnost ljudi na ovom gorju
Adventus of the Monarch shaped for eternity: the relief of King Peter I on the City Walls of Dubrovnik
No full textAfter WWI, a new state, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, was formed in the territories inhabited by South Slavs. The changing political landscape in the former Austro-Hungarian territories required a strong representative monumental culture, supposed to embody the new regime and reinforce the new Karađorđević dynasty in the minds of citizens. This was especially the case in all newly acquired territories, including the City of Dubrovnik. The citizens of Dubrovnik commissioned Meštrović to make a “monument to liberation”, so he carved a representative square-shaped relief of considerable size depicting King Peter I Karađorđević. The monument to deceased ruler was ceremoniously unveiled on December 1, 1924, at the western entrance to the City of Dubrovnik. He was portrayed following the Roman imperial tradition of royal triumph, according to the formal Adventus Augusti model. This monument was on the city walls until the outbreak of World War II, when NDH units and Italian troops occupied Dubrovnik and dismantled the relief in an act recognized as damnatio memoriae. However, analysis of preserved materials allows its contextualization within the monumental art of interwar Yugoslavia, the City of Dubrovnik, and the formal and ideological contributions of Ivan Meštrović
Vajarke kao posrednice apstrakcije nakon drugog svetskog rata u Srbiji: rod i memorijalna skulptura
No full textThis paper examines the work of three Belgrade-based sculptresses Ana
Bešlić, Olga Jančić and Olga Jevrić in the 1950s that was characterized by a shift
toward abstraction in the context of memorial sculpture. Through analyses of their
exploration into abstraction and the confrontation expressed against the dominant
practices of memorialization in post-WW2 Serbia and Yugoslavia, the position of
these women artists will be discussed from a perspective of gender, questioning the
strategies of the patriarchal value system that characterized the local art world in
this period.Tekst razmatra rad tri beogradske vajarke: Ane Bešlić, Olge Jančić i Olge
Jevrić tokom 1950-ih godina koji karakteriše okretanje prema apstrakciji u kontekstu
memorijalne skulpture. Kroz analizu istraživanja apstrakcije u opusima ovih
umetnica, kao i kroz kritičko sučeljavanje koje su iskazale u odnosu na dominantne
prakse memorijalizacije u posleratnoj Srbiji i Jugoslaviji, njihove pozicije se
interpretiraju iz rodne perspektive, problematizujući strategije patrijarhalnog
sistema vrednosti koje su strukturirale lokalni svet umetnosti tokom ovog perioda
Social determinants of mental health: the role of immediate environment and broader societal factors
No full textA body of evidence indicates that mental health is influenced by social factors. This study aims to explore the social determinants of a broad range of mental disorders by applying a conceptual framework for the social determinants of mental disorders which includes proximal (immediate environment) and distal (broader societal) factors. The study was conducted on a representative sample of the Serbian population (N = 1000, age range, 18-65 years). Recruitment of participants and data collection was carried out by a market research agency from December 2021 to January 2022. A wide spectrum of mental disorders were assessed by: Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7), Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS), the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-4 (OCI-4), the somatic symptom module of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-15), short form of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-QS), Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), the Brief Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-B – Modified) and the Prodromal Questionnaire – Brief Version (PQ-B). Five domains - demographic, economic, neighborhood, environmental, and social/cultural - of proximal and distal social determinants of mental health were assessed by: socio-demographic questionnaire and five items assessing stressful experiences related to the COVID-19 pandemic developed for this study, Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Data on distal factors were extracted from publicly available sources (e.g. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia). Distal variables significantly predicted symptom severity across all disorders and were predictive of clinically significant symptom levels of all disorders except anxiety and dissociation. However, distal variables showed little consistency across different mental disorders and outcome measures. Proximal variables predicted symptom severity of all disorders as well as clinically significant symptom levels over and above distal predictors. Taken together, they showed the highest predictive value for depression, anxiety, suicidality, somatization, and PTSD. Traumatic experiences and low social support emerged as the most consistent proximal predictors, alongside female gender, younger age, lower SES, and COVID-19-related impact on family and friends. Even though distal predictors demonstrated weaker relationships with mental health outcomes, our study highlights the importance of a wide range of social determinants that contribute to mental health.31. međunarodni naučni skup Empirijska istraživanja u psihologiji, 28–30. mart 2025., Beogra
They’re not like us: Competitive jungle beliefs predict speciesisim
No full textThe sentiment that humans should be treated as superior to animals (i.e. speciesism) is often used to justify their exploitation. As it entails a strong belief of a hierarchy of importance among living beings, it might be embedded in a particular worldview. For example, unfair treatment of animals might be a manifestation of the naive Darwinian beliefs that the world is a competitive jungle in which we must fight over scarce resources to survive. It can also stem from a general perception of the world as a highly dangerous place with constant threats to our well-being. Digging even deeper, speciesism might result from a strong desire for societal order and support for hierarchy and authority that extends even beyond people and groups to animals. To examine the sociopolitical footprint of speciesism, we recruited 655 participants (66% women) aged 18-80 (M = 45.4, SD = 12.2). Alongside speciesism (α = .84), they filled in measures of Authoritarianism (α = .74), Social Dominance Orientation (α = .89), Competitive jungle (α = .86), and Dangerous world beliefs (α = .86), as well as two single-item measures of economic and social ideological self-placement. The results indicate that speciesism is related to higher SDO (r = .27), Authoritarianism (r = .18) and both social (r = .17) and economic (r = .12) right-wing ideology. Conversely, regarding worldview beliefs, speciesism was related only to the competitive jungle (r = .28) but not dangerous worldview beliefs. To examine the relative contribution of these predictors, we ran a hierarchical linear regression predicting speciesism. In the first step, authoritarianism, SDO, and ideology explained 8% of the variance (F(5, 650) = 15.56, p < .001), with SDO (ꞵ = .21, p < .001) and economic ideology (ꞵ = .09, p = .013) as significant predictors. Adding Competitive jungle and Dangerous world beliefs in the second step improved the predictive power of the model (ΔR2 = .05, ΔF(2,648) = 18.46, p < .001), with two worldview beliefs contributing in opposite directions. Individuals who endorsed competitive jungle beliefs were more likely to endorse speciesism (ꞵ = .22, p < .001), while those higher in dangerous world beliefs were less likely to endorse it (ꞵ = -.15, p < .001). Our results indicate that speciesism is rooted in support for societal hierarchy and that it can be viewed as a manifestation of naive social Darwinism.31. Međunarodni naučni skup Empirijska istraživanja u psihologiji
28–30. mart 2025; Filozofski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu - Saopštenja štampana u izvod
Razvoj etničkog identiteta mladih u interkulturalnom društvu
No full textSavremeno društvo postavlja pred mlade brojne izazove u procesu oblikovanja identiteta. U svetu koji se brzo menja, gde digitalni mediji, interkulturalni kontakti i globalizacija redefinišu granice individualnog i kolektivnog postojanja, postaje ključno razumeti faktore koji oblikuju odrastanje i društvenu integraciju mladih. Ovaj zbornik donosi savremene naučne uvide u ključne aspekte razvoja adolescenata, s posebnim fokusom na razvoj identiteta, etničku socijalizaciju i obrazovne procese koji oblikuju interetničke odnose i interkulturalne kompetencij
Alfred Pordes kao operetni kompozitor: poetski i izvođački boravak u Sarajevu, Beogradu i Zagrebu
No full textThis paper focuses on poetics and performance activities of
operettas (Miss Ganymed, Bosanska ljubav, and Omer-paša) by Alfred
Pordes, Jewish composer and conductor perished in the Holocaust. As
Pordes spent his lifetime on the route from Sarajevo to Belgrade, therefore
authors merged sources about this composer from both city archives
and libraries.Rad se fokusira na poetiku i izvođenje opereta (Miss Ganymed,
Bosanska ljubav i Omer-paša) Alfreda Pordesa, jevrejskog kompozitora i
dirigenta stradalog u Holokaustu. S obzirom da je Pordes životni vijek
proveo između Sarajeva i Beograda, autorice su spojile izvore o ovom
kompozitoru u arhivima i bibliotekama obaju gradova
Velika divergencija i globalno blagostanje: Eugenički sporedni kolosek u istoriji ljudskog unapređenja
No full textHuman progress during the last 200 years was based on technology and
scientific medicine, and also on the development of state and economic institutions,
entrepreneurship and individualism. The biological characteristics of the species,
those reflected in the doubling of the average life span, have been improved in such a
way as to render eugenic suggestions meaningless. The attitudes of eugenics related
to human development are somehow equivalent to any state interventionism that
nullifies freedoms and individualism. Even when the objections of eugenics are in a
certain sense based on the logic of evolution, while they call for the need for biological
improvement of the human species, it has not been proven that the mankind started
the path of negative evolution from 200 years ago. On the contrary, thanks to
medicine and technology, a positive balance has been established in relation to all
the limitations that eugenics points to.Ljudski napredak u toku poslednjih 200 godina zasnivao se na tehnologiji i
naučnoj medicini, ali i na razvoju državnih i ekonomskih institucija, preduzetništva i
individualizma. Biološke karakteristike vrste, one koje se ogledaju u udvostručenom prosečnomživotnomveku, unapređene su tako da su obesmislile eugeničke sugestije.
Odnos eugenike prema humanom razvoju ekvivalentan je svakom državnom
intervencionizmu koji poništava slobode i individualizam. I kad su prigovori
eugenike u izvesnom smislu zasnovani na logici evolucije, dok pozivaju na potrebu
biološkog unapređenja ljudske vrste, nije dokazano da je čovečanstvo krenulo putem
negativne evolucije od pre 200 godina. Naprotiv, zahvaljujući medicini i tehnologiji,
uspostavljen je pozitivan balans u odnosu na sva ograničenja na koja eugenika
ukazuje
Ekologija, ideologija i aktivizam „s one strane zakona” - Prikaz knjige Proekološki kriminalitet: od legalnog eko-aktivizma do proekološkog terorizma Aleksandra Matkovića (Novi Sad: Prometej, 2023)
No full textPrisutnost ekoloških tema u društveno-političkom diskursu - od zvaničnih zelenih politika, preko ekološki orijentisanih nevladinih organizacija, do kontroverznih aktivističkih performansa, nalik sad već (ne)slavnom prosipanju čorbe u Luvru - navodi nas na zaključak da nećemo mnogo pogrešiti ukoliko kažemo da je knjiga Proekološki kriminalitet: od legalnog eko-aktivzma do proekološkog terorizma (Novi Sad: Prometej, 2023), autora prof. dr Aleksandra Matkovića, izašla u pravom trenutku. U prilog tome ide i angažovanost naučne zajednice u rasvetljavanju ljudskog uticaja na životnu sredinu, kao i sve češće društvene podele na osnovu stavova koje različiti politički akteri zauzimaju prema ekološkim izazovima. U tom kontekstu, Matkovićeva studija ekološkog aktivizma - sa fokusom na onim oblicima koji podrazumevaju kršenje nekog od zakona - javlja se kao koristan vodič kako za ekološki upućene čitaoce, tako i za širu publiku, čemu značajno doprinosi autorov jasan stil pisanja i sistematičnost u izlaganju