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Yugoslav-Soviet Union relations from the 1950s to 1970s: Examples of musical cooperation, exchange and transfer by members of UKS, SAKOJ and SOKOJ with Soviet institutions
No full textThis paper is focused on relations between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union based on examples of musical cooperation, exchange, and cultural transfer between Yugoslav compos-
ers and Soviet institutions from the 1950s to 1970s. In line with this, the authors will follow the main examples of cultural cooperation by focusing on Yugoslav composers whose music was promoted and published in the Soviet Union. Since these composers were renowned members of UKS, SAKOJ and SOKOJ (Udruženje kompozitora Srbije, Savez kompozitora Jugoslavije and Savez organizacija kompozitora Jugoslavije) – the institutions that represented, proposed, and guided their international promotion – the authors will provide a thorough analysis of the policies of these institutions regarding Yugoslav-USSR relations. The paper is based on extensive research using archival sources from the Archives of Yugoslavia, and mainly the correspondence of the Federal Committee for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries (1953-1971) and periodicals,
memoirs, and internal documentation.9–10 April 2025 International Musicological Symposium, Knights' Hall, Križank
Digital Technologies in Psychological Practice: a European Survey on Use, Attitudes, and Training
No full textThe use of digital tools in mental healthcare is rapidly expanding. However, many psychologists lack the training and support to incorporate these technologies into their clinical practice effectively. METHODS: A multilingual online survey was developed and distributed among psychologists across Europe to examine current practices, attitudes, and educational needs related to the use of digital mental health tools. RESULTS: The survey is still live and collecting responses. The current preliminary results from 620 psychologists (age M = 47.03, 77% women) showed that 90% used some form of technology in their practice: 1) online consultations (78%), 2) chat or text-based therapy(23%), 3) digital interventions (e.g., websites, apps) (42%), 4) immersive technologies (e.g., virtual reality, augmented reality…) (9%), 5) wearables (e.g., Fitbit, Apple Watch, Oura ring) (11%), 6) artificial intelligence - chatbots (17%), 7) artificial intelligence - other tools (12%), or 8) other (3%). Most used only one type of technology in their practice (43%), while a third of all respondents reported having used at least two types. The vast majority had received no formal training on how to use technologies for psychological practice, with almost half of the respondents feeling unqualified. Finally, 76% reported interest in receiving training on digital mental health. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that digital technologies play a part in psychological practice. We discuss the possible solution of introducing a ‘digital navigator’ to bridge the gap between the need and availability of training in using digital technologies for psychological practice
First dinosaur remains from Serbia: Sauropod and theropod material from the uppermost Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Osmakovo
No full textDiverse and abundant continental vertebrate assemblages are known from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian–Maastrichtian) of several European countries. They formed on an island archipelago and are marked by their distinctive combination of unusual endemic groups and immigrants from North America, Asia and Gondwana. Although dinosaur fossils have been described from nearby Bulgaria, body fossils of continental vertebrates were previously unknown from the Mesozoic of Serbia. Here, we describe the dinosaurian component of a new vertebrate assemblage from the uppermost Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Osmakovo in southeastern Serbia. A single larger bone represents the partial left ulna of a sauropod dinosaur. Its anatomy is suggestive of titanosaurian affinities, although it appears distinct from the titanosaurs Magyarosaurus and Petrustitan from the Maastrichtian of Romania. The small size of this element may indicate its juvenile nature or that it represents an island dwarf similar to Magyarosaurus, but distinguishing these possibilities will require histological work. Sixteen isolated theropod teeth, some incomplete, were recovered by screenwashing and studied using comparative anatomy and machine learning analysis. Nine of these teeth are referred to Dromaeosauridae based on both approaches. Three teeth that are strongly recurved and lack serrations were identified as Aves by machine learning but might alternatively represent dromaeosaurid premaxillary teeth and are thus referred to Paraves. The remaining teeth comprise one specimen of the enigmatic Paronychodon and three too poorly preserved to identify beyond Theropoda. This assemblage shows similarities to contemporaneous assemblages from Romania and suggests the potential for further discoveries in the Mesozoic of Serbia
Distributional approach to polysemy disambiguation in error-driven learning
No full textError-driven learning (EDL; Hoppe et al., 2021) represents a simple, yet powerful framework
grounded in well-established cognitive processes. Whenever a cue and an outcome occur
together, the relationship would strengthen, whenever the outcome does not follow the cue,
their relationship weakens. This was implemented into language (Baayen et al., 2011) by
mapping orthographic information obtained by splitting words into overlapping trigraphs that
were used as cues, and the word itself as its semantic representation. Within this approach,
many linguistic phenomena were successfully simulated. However, few attempts were made to
simulate the polysemy effect within EDL. Polysemous words are words with multiple related
senses (Rodd, 2020). For polysemous words one set of orthographic cues has differing
outcomes (senses), depending on the context the word is in. Therefore, a standard approach of
mapping word trigraphs to a single outcome is not suitable for polysemy. Hence, we relied on
the distributed approach to disambiguate senses and to test whether EDL representations can
account for polysemy effects in a lexical decision task.
We explored this approach by comparing two types of EDL simulations. In G2L(l+c), a replication
of Filipović Đurđević & Kostić (2023), the cues were overlapping trigraphs from the polysemous
words, and outcomes were disambiguated senses. Disambiguation was achieved by adding
words from the immediate context in the corpus. The relatedness between senses was
operationalised as the overlap between contexts and was expected to facilitate learning.
However, a question may be posed whether the disambiguation occurs at the outcome or the
cue level. Therefore, we ran another simulation (G(l+c)2L; Filipović Đurđević & Milin, 2019)
where polysemous word and context words for each corpus occurrence were split into
trigraphs and served as cues to the single-word outcome.
Each of the simulations was run for three parts of speech (PoS; nouns, verbs, and adjectives), as
a way to test the generalisation of the findings. Regardless of the PoS, each occurrence of 308
polysemous words in total was extracted from the SrWaC corpus (Ljubešić & Klubička, 2016)
with three words before and after. These context words were filtered to reduce their number
and facilitate simulations while keeping frequency variation. The extracted data was used as
input cue-outcome data.
From the output matrix containing the relationship strength between cues and outcomes,
several EDL-based variables can be calculated that represent various aspects of learning. We
compared the predictive power of variables originating from the three simulations. Figure 1.
reveals the ranking of models containing EDL predictors (and control variables) when compared
to a baseline model (control variables only). For all three PoS, the results reveal an advantage
for G2L(l+c) simulation. Overall, disambiguation at the outcome level leads to representations
that seem to predict polysemous processing better, compared to the disambiguation at the cue
level.Dostupno na: https://ff.uns.ac.rs/uploads/files/Nauka/Konferencije/2025/PNCLR12/978-86-6065-917-2.pdf
12th Novi Sad Workshop on Psycholinguistic, Neurolinguistic and Clinical
Linguistic Research, Novi Sad, April 12, 2025., Saopštenja štampana u izvod
The student movement in Serbia (2024/25): Psychological support from a constructivist perspective
No full textSince November 1st 2024, when the concrete canopy collapsed at the Novi Sad
Main Railway Station, killing 16 people and leaving one survivor with life-altering
injuries, students from four public Serbian universities, along with several private
ones, began protesting against corruption, negligence, and incitement to violence
by the Serbian government.
In response to these student-led protests and the non-stop blockade of faculties
and schools, a working group of PhD students and teachers (including S.G.) f rom
the Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Psychology in Belgrade, was formed to
provide psychological support to all students participating in the protests, regardless
of the form of their involvement.
While you may already be familiar with these events, we would like to offer some
insight into the psychological processes faced by these brave and determined
students. Nearly every one of their brilliant acts—from humor and protest banners
to symbolic countryside walks across Serbia and bike rides and runs across Europe—
has been met with genuine admiration, hope, and even tears f rom anyone with the
slightest capacity for Role relating. We wish to show you what lies beneath all of this:
the emotional and physical weight these students carry, and the true psychological
cost of aggressively (in strictly Kellyan terms) elaborating their revolutionary roles.
Common psychological challenges will be discussed and considered in relation to
the current social context in Serbia. In doing so, we will choose each word with
care—out of respect for students and in hopes of fostering a deeper understanding
of their efforts.26th International Congress on Personal Construct Psychology, Closeness and Alienation in a World in Crisis, June 27th to June 29th 2025 in Belgrade, Serbia - abstrac
Zazivanje političkog - istorija i perspektive
No full textSavremena društvena i sociološka teorija, sadašnji društveno-ekonomski, politički i ideološki kontekst kapitalizma i odabrane istorijske pojave, procesi i događaji (Pariska komuna, radnički saveti u jugoslovenskom samoupravnom socijalizmu i protesti protiv mera štednje iz 2011) sačinjavaju postavku u okviru koje se u knjizi razmatraju pitanja odbrane, regeneracije i preosmišljavanja političkog, revolucionarnog subjekta, političkih kompetencija i mogućnosti progresivne političke afirmacije dominirane klase
Darvinova bujna obala: relacije između organizama i prirodne sredine
No full textThis paper aims to determine whether Darwin’s theory of evolution was influenced by German Naturphilosophie. I start with a brief presentation of Naturphilosophie, a scientific and aesthetic approach that emphasizes the holistic understanding of the natural system and the interrelation of its parts. As I show, Naturphilosophen acknowledges the existence of a specific relation of reciprocal causality between various parts of nature, and recognize the valuable causal agency of life in the natural system. Moving forward, I analyze Darwin’s theory of evolution and identify the fundamental hypotheses of his conceptual framework. Since Naturphilosophen endorse a holistic conception of nature, and highlight the presence of reciprocal causality between its parts, I examine whether Darwin adopts any of these assumptions about the natural system. I turn to his understanding of the struggle for survival – a phenomenon that captures various relations between organisms and their environment. My analysis shows that Darwin recognizes the causal activity of the natural environment, but neglects the ability of organisms to modify their habitat for the sake of survival. Thus, he establishes the causal asymmetry between these two fundamental parts of his
worldview. If that is the case, then Darwin’s theory does not represent a (fully) holistic worldview of nature, and the influence of Naturphilosophen on the formulation of his evolutionary theory is only partial.U ovom radu nameravam da ispitam da li je Darvinova teorija
evolucije formulisana pod uticajem nemačke prirodne filozofije
(Naturphilosophie). Svoju analizu započinjem kratkim prikazom
Naturphilosophie, naučno-estetičkog pristupa istraživanju prirode koji naglašava holističko razumevanje prirodnog sistema
koji je načinjen od različitih, međusobno povezanih delova. Kao što objašnjavam u radu, nemački prirodni filozofi (Naturphilosophen) pretpostavljaju postojanje specifične relacije recipročne
kauzalnosti između različitih delova prirode i prepoznaju značajnu uzročnu aktivnost života u prirodnom sistemu. Nakon toga,
okrećem se razmatranju Darvinove teorije evolucije i identifikujem fundamentalne hipoteze njegovog pojmovnog okvira. Pošto
Naturphilosophen ističu holističku koncepciju prirode čiji delovi su povezani relacijom recipročne kauzalnosti, pokušavam da
utvrdim da li Darvin usvaja neku od ovih pretpostavki o prirodnom sistemu. S tim u vezi, analiziram njegovo razumevanje borbe za opstanak – fenomena koji prikazuje različite odnose između organizama i njihovog okruženja, i pokazujem da Darvin prepoznaje uzročnu aktivnost prirodnog okruženja, ali zanemaruje
sposobnost organizama da modifikuju ekosisteme radi opstanka.
Drugim rečima, čini se da Darvinova teorija počiva na uzročnoj
asimetriji između ova dva fundamentalna dela prirode. Ukoliko je
to slučaj, onda Darvinovo stanovište ne predstavlja (potpuno) holističku koncepciju prirode. No, unutar ovog stanovišta se može
prepoznati delimičan uticaj nemačke Naturphilosophie.Međunarodni naučni skup „Nauka, filozofija nauke i naučna metodologija“, održanog 27. i 28. septembra 2024. godine u Podgorici i Nikšiću, organizovan od strane Filozofskog fakulteta Univerziteta Crne Gore
Saopštenje sa međunarodnog skupa štampano u celini
Are left-wing authoritarians even authoritarian: Latent profile analysis of ideology and authoritarianism
No full textDespite a long tradition of authoritarianism studies, there is still an ongoing debate about its
relation to ideology. Some claim that it is a distinctive characteristic of right-wing-oriented
individuals, whilst others advocate for the ideological neutrality of authoritarianism. These
discussions lead to the establishment of two distinct authoritarianism traits: left-wing and right-
wing authoritarianism (LWA and RWA), that supposedly share the same authoritarian core
(i.e. a strong support of ingroup norms and authority), but are imbued with either right or left-
wing values. If authoritarianism is present across the political spectrum, we should be able to
detect it on either side of it. To better understand the relationship between ideology and
authoritarianism, we registered participants’ (N = 655) social and economic ideology (single
items), general authoritarianism (ASC scale ⍺ = .74), RWA (ACT scale ⍺ = .85), and LWA
(LWA index scale, ⍺ = .78). Latent profile analysis of ideology and general authoritarianism
showed four profiles: 1) centrists (n = 299) - moderately authoritarian and centrist in their social
and economic ideology; 2) libertarians (n = 156) non-authoritarian, left-wing socially oriented,
and right-wing economically oriented; 3) conservatives (n = 127) - relatively high in
authoritarianism and right-wing on both ideological axes, and 4) socialists (n = 73) - low on
authoritarianism and left-wing on both ideological axes. Two one-way ANOVAs with latent
profile as an independent variable, and RWA and LWA as outcomes showed that the four
groups significantly differed on RWA (F = 149.96, p < .001, η2 = .41). In a post-hoc analysis,
socialists and libertarians had the lowest levels of RWA (M = 2.83 and M = 2.85, respectively)
and did not differ significantly (ΔM = -.02, p = .999). Centrists’ mean score of RWA was
significantly higher (M = 3.88), whilst conservatives had the highest RWA score of all (M =
5.03). As for LWA, we also found significant differences between the four groups (F = 33.48,
p < .001, η2 = .13). Socialists scored highest on LWA (M = 4.51), followed by libertarians (M
= 4.13), moderates (M = 3.46), and conservatives (M = 3.32). As LWA was the highest in
groups that were the lowest on authoritarianism, our results question the idea that what is
labelled as LWA is actually authoritarianism. Moreover, left-wing authoritarianism did not
emerge as a distinct profile, which calls into question the existence of LWA as a trait.31. Međunarodni naučni skup Empirijska istraživanja u psihologiji 28–30. mart 2025; Filozofski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu - Saopštenja štampana u izvod
Plato’s Argument Against Writing – The Double-Edged Sword of Technology
No full textZa okosnicu izlaganja uzimamo čuveni argument protiv pisanja koji Platon iznosi u dijalogu Fedar. Razmatranjima u dijalogu kritički se preispituje pismo (grafički prikaz misli) kao izum koji bi trebao zamijeniti usmenu riječ. Iako se pismo inicijalno doima kao izum koji može pospješiti pamćenje i razumijevanje, dubljim promatranjem uočavaju se potencijalni problemi. Prvo, oslanjanje na pismo može oslabiti sposobnost pamćenja time što se moć »unutrašnjeg prisjećanja« zamjenjuje oslanjanjem na vanjske zapise (Phdr. 275b). Kao dodatni problem, Platon ističe da oslanjanje na pisanu riječ kod pojedinaca može stvoriti iluziju mudrosti, odnosno znanje koje nije praćeno istinskim razumijevanjem.
Osvrćući se na šire posljedice upotrebe suvremenih tehnologija na intelektualni razvoj pojedinca, pokazat ćemo da Platonovi uvidi, i dileme koje oni povlače, ostaju i danas aktualni. Posebnu pažnju posvetit ćemo upotrebi alata za generiranje teksta zasnovanih na umjetnoj inteligenciji, poput velikih jezičnih modela (LLM) u obrazovanju. Analiza Platonovih dilema pokazat će se kao ključna za razumijevanje kompleksnog i dvojakog utjecaja suvremenih tehnologija, ne samo na ljudsku kogniciju, već i na perspektive za obrazovanje u digitalnom dobu.The backbone of our presentation is the famous argument against writing that Plato presents in the dialogue Phaedrus. The considerations in the dialogue critically examine writing (the graphic representation of thought) as an invention intended to replace oral speech. Although writing appears to be an invention that can enhance memory and understanding, a closer look reveals potential problems. First, reliance on writing may weaken the ability to remember, as the power of “internal recollection” is replaced by reliance on external records (Phdr. 275b). As an additional problem, Plato emphasises that reliance on the written word can give individuals the illusion of wisdom – that is, knowledge that is not accompanied by true understanding.
By reflecting on the wider implications of modern technologies for the intellectual development of the individual, we will demonstrate that Plato’s insights – and the dilemmas they raise – remain relevant today. Particular attention will be paid to the use of artificial intelligence-based text generation tools, such as Large Language Models (LLMs), in education. Analysing Plato’s dilemmas will prove crucial to understanding the complex and dual impact of modern technologies, not only on human cognition, but also on the prospects for education in the digital age.19. Mediteranski korijeni filozofije Philosophia perennis: o 800. obljetnici rođenja sv. Tome Akvinskog, Split, Hrvatska, 3. – 5. april 2025., Sveučilište u Splitu, Filozofski fakultet - Saopštenja štampana u izvod
Diskusija o obrazovanju u Srbiji tokom kovid 19 izolacije: analiza Tviter objava
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented changes in different aspects ofhuman life, including a significant impact on education systems. This study aimed toexplore the public perception of education during the initial five weeks of emergencyremote education (ERE) in Serbia in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. In a fiveweek timeframe starting from March 17, 2020, we collected tweets on the topic ofeducation using MAXQDA software, resulting in a final dataset of 1,777 tweets. Thetweets were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and interpreted throughthe lens of Cultural-Historical Activity Theory. The results of the research show adecreasing trend in the frequency of posts related to education, starting from 1,402in the first week to 92 tweets in the fifth week. The emotional tone of the tweets waspredominantly negative in the first five weeks of the pandemic, with the percentage oftweets with a negative connotation increasing over time. The analysis of the contentof the tweets highlights key themes of public discussion and reveals contradictionsbetween ERE and pre-pandemic schooling. The Twitter community praised the useof new tools and teachers’ efforts but criticized adherence to rules of conventionalschooling, as well as the learning content for being overly demanding and irrelevant.The study results suggest that ERE during the lockdown increased the visibility ofteaching, offering potential for democratization of education, while the invisibilityof learning created risks to educational equity by obscuring the struggles of learners.Pandemija kovida 19 izazvala je do sada neviđene promene u različitim aspektimaživota ljudi širom sveta, uključujući i značajne promene u obrazovanju. Cilj ovestudije bio je da istraži kako je javnost u Srbiji doživela promene u obrazovanjukoje su nastale kao odgovor na kovid 19 pandemiju. Tokom prvih pet nedelja pandemije, počevši od 17. marta 2020. godine, sistematično smo prikupljali Tviterobjave na srpskom jeziku, tematski ograničene na obrazovanje, što je rezultiralouzorkom od 1.777 tvitova. Tvitove smo analizirali koristeći kvalitativnu analizusadržaja, a kao okvir za interpretaciju rezultata koristili smo kulturno-istorijskuteoriju aktivnosti. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju opadajući trend u učestalostiobjava koje se odnose na obrazovanje, počevši od 1.402 tvita u prvoj nedelji do 92tvita u petoj nedelji. Emocionalni ton tvitova bio je uglavnom negativan u prvihpet nedelja pandemije, s tim da je procenat tvitova sa negativnom konotacijomimao tendenciju da raste. Analiza sadržaja tvitova ukazuje na ključne teme kojesu privukle pažnju javnosti i otkriva kontradikcije između obrazovanja pre pandemije i obrazovanja na daljinu tokom pandemije. Rezultati pokazuju da je Tviterzajednica pozitivno reagovala na upotrebu novih alata u nastavi, kao i na angažovanje nastavnika u situaciji krize. Najviše kritike bilo je usmereno na sadržajobrazovanja, koji je često ocenjivan kao preobiman, irelevantan, ideološki obojeni neprilagođen uzrastu učenika. Ova studija ukazuje na to da je obrazovanje nadaljinu u situaciji krize učinilo vidljivijim proces nastave, stvarajući prostor za javnu diskusiju o obrazovanju, dok je istovremeno doprinelo nevidljivosti procesaučenja, pojačavajući na taj način rizik po pravednost u obrazovanju