Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities
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Decentering Romeo: Feminist Reperformance, Rural Embodiment, and Juliet\u27s Reimagined Voice in Punjabi Village Theatre
Full text linkThis paper examines how one rural theatre group, located near the city of Patiala in Punjab\u27s countryside, reimagined Juliet through the expressive traditions, gestures, and rhythms of Punjabi village life. Based on four rehearsals, two full performances, and eight interviews with performers and community elders, this research documents how Juliet was reshaped into a character grounded in the daily work and emotional experience of rural women rather than in the romance defined by Romeo. The performers combined elements of Mirza Sahiban, boliyan, tappay, dholki rhythms, and household labour gestures in order to craft a Juliet whom local spectators recognized as part of their own world. Using feminist theory, embodied performance studies, and adaptation scholarship, this paper illustrates how Juliet\u27s narrative authority increased through direct address, grounded movement, and the reduction of Romeo\u27s presence. Audience responses revealed that spectators strongly identified with Juliet\u27s struggles, confirming the social relevance of the adaptation. The study highlights how rural reperformance is able to shift the meaning of canonical texts and make space for women\u27s experiences to shape dramatic structure
Article Review: Concepts of Acid, Bases and Practical Applications of Chemistry Across Various Aspects of Daily Lives of People in Ancient India
Full text linkThe concepts of acids and bases can be traced back to ancient civilizations like Greece, China, and India, where people observed the properties of various substances like vinegar, citrus fruits, and mineral ores. Indian civilization is one of the oldest civilizations. Ancient India made significant contribution to the field of science especially in medicines and metallurgy. During the primitive period in India, scholars continued to study the properties of various natural substances, including fruits and minerals. The practical applications of various plant extracts, metals and minerals extend across various aspects of daily lives of people in ancient India, including healthcare, agriculture, environmental protection, and the food. This review article describes various concepts of acid and bases in the Indian history and applications of various natural and processed materials across various aspects of daily lives of people in ancient India. The purpose of this review is to emphasize upon the contribution of Indian civilization in the field of Chemistry
How to Resolve Commercial Disputes Through Arbitration According to the Applicable Laws of Afghanistan
Full text linkThe high value of trade forced governments and individuals to enact permanent laws for the better separate and further development of commercial transactions. In the event that any problem occurs during the commercial transaction, a resolution mechanism should be in place to protect the principle of speed of trade to prevent damage to the trade. Therefore, this urgent need has forced governments and individuals to use informal (Arbitrage) solutions instead of official (Justice) solutions. That commercial arbitration is one of the best and most widely used alternative solutions to commercial disputes. Therefore, the commercial arbitration recognition, principles and formalities can be easily extracted from the commercial arbitration law of Afghanistan. The importance of this research is that after understanding the principles and principles of commercial arbitration in Afghanistan, the growth and opportunities of trade at the national level are determined. And also the principles necessary while approaching commercial disputes through arbitration are highlighted and analyzed.
The main purpose of the research is how to approach commercial disputes through arbitration from the point of view of the effective laws of Afghanistan at the national level, it is the recognition of the established principles (jurisdiction law) and how to apply them during the resolution of disputes arising in the field of trade through arbitration.
In order to gather information on this subject, Afghanistan\u27s commercial arbitration law, commercial court principles law, arbitration and mediation procedures of the Chamber of Commerce in commercial affairs, various books and reliable scientific articles were used.
This conclusion is reached after researching the way to solve commercial disputes through arbitration from the point of view of the laws in force in Afghanistan commercial arbitration is used as an important solution in Afghanistan, as in other countries of the world, because commercial arbitration is a simple solution. If the problem between traders is resolved by commercial arbitration, then the fixed principle (speed) for commercial transactions does not disappear although commercial arbitration is an informal solution, but some principles like the official solution (judgment) and fixed conditions for the enforcement of the arbitration decision (decision) have been determined in the laws if these principles and conditions are not considered during the arbitration process; So there is no validity
Investigating the Effect of Different Amounts of Chicken Manure on the Growth and Development of Watercress
Full text linkThis research was conducted in the year of 2021 in the form of a completely randomized design (RCD) in agricultural the research farm of Faryab University. The implementation of this research in order to investigate the effect of different amounts of chicken manure on the growth and development of sharp leek is extremely important. The purpose of this research is to determine the appropriate amount of chicken manure and its effect on the growth and development (plant height, leaf width, number of leaves, total plant weight, total root weight, number of secondary roots and root length) of watercress. The method of carrying out this research is experimental, which was carried out in the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture of Faryab University with 4 treatments, each treatment having 3 repetitions, each treatments include the first treatment (control / control), the second treatment (3 tons of chicken manure per acre), the third treatment (4 tons of chicken manure per acre) and the fourth treatment (5 tons of chicken manure per acre). In the implementation of this research, the parameters such as: plant height, leaf width, number of leaves, total plant weight, total root weight, number of secondary roots and root length were accurately evaluated and analysed by appropriate statistical methods. The result of the research indicated that the highest yield was recorded in the fourth treatment (5 tons of chicken manure per acre) with 2152 kg per acre and the lowest yield in the first treatment (control/control) with 1234 kg per acre and the difference in production which product between the first and fourth treatment is 918 kg per acre
Violence Against Women in Afghanistan: A Human Rights Perspective and the Role of Domestic Law
Full text linkViolence against women in Afghanistan constitutes a persistent human rights violation, deeply embedded in patriarchal social norms and weakened legal institutions. This article explores the issue from a human rights perspective, analyzing Afghanistan’s obligations under international treaties such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. It further examines the country’s domestic legal framework, focusing on the 2009 Law on the Elimination of Violence Against Women and the 2017 Penal Code of Afghanistan. The study employs doctrinal legal research methods, analyzing statutory texts, constitutional provisions, and international legal standards. Findings indicate that while international human rights law provides a comprehensive legal framework condemning gender-based violence, Afghanistan’s domestic laws offer fragmented protections. The Law on Elimination of Violence Against Women in Afghanistan criminalized 22 forms of violence against women, including child marriage, forced marriage, and domestic abuse; however, it lacked parliamentary ratification, limiting its enforceability. The 2017 Penal Code incorporated some protections but omitted many key provisions of the Law on the Elimination of Violence Against Women, creating significant legal gaps. The Taliban’s resurgence has further eroded legal protections and institutional support for victims. The article concludes that legal reforms alone are insufficient without effective enforcement, political commitment, and societal change. Strengthening Afghanistan’s legal regime, ensuring enforcement mechanisms, and fostering cultural transformation are essential for protecting women’s rights and fulfilling the country’s human rights obligations
Building Strategic Partnerships for Generative AI Adoption in the Enterprise
Full text linkEnterprises are increasingly exploring the transformative potential of generative AI across various functions such as marketing, R&D, and customer service. However, successfully integrating these advanced models requires strategic partnerships that leverage both internal capabilities and external expertise. By aligning with specialized technology providers, enterprises can efficiently access domain-specific knowledge, robust infrastructure, and continuous model improvements. On the other hand, forging collaborative relationships with consultancies and research institutions facilitates the development of tailored AI strategies, ensuring that adoption roadmaps align with unique organizational goals and regulatory frameworks.
In addition to technology-centric alliances, cross-sector partnerships can further accelerate generative AI adoption. Collaborative efforts between domain experts, industry consortia, and government agencies foster the exchange of best practices while addressing concerns related to ethical deployment, data privacy, and transparency. These partnerships not only mitigate potential risks but also promote adherence to emerging standards in responsible AI governance.
By proactively establishing partnerships, organizations can optimize resource allocation and hasten the realization of generative AI’s full potential. Joint ventures enable ongoing support, knowledge-sharing, and the co-creation of innovative solutions that drive tangible value. Moreover, the synergy derived from these strategic alliances helps organizations maintain a competitive advantage by rapidly adapting to evolving AI trends. Ultimately, building and nurturing diverse partnerships serve as a cornerstone for successful generative AI adoption, fostering sustainable growth and ensuring that enterprises harness AI-driven insights responsibly, ethically, and profitably. Ultimately, such collaborations also unlock opportunities for workforce upskilling, driving cultural transformation that underpins long-term success in an increasingly AI-driven business landscape
Evaluating the Economic Impact of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) on the Development of Uttar Pradesh’s Economy: A Comprehensive Analysis
Full text linkSpecial Economic Zones (SEZs) have been widely adopted as a policy tool for promoting economic development in emerging economies. This research investigates the economic impact of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) on the development of Uttar Pradesh\u27s economy, with insights drawn from global experiences. The study employs multiple regression analysis, coupled with assumptions for the reliability of the regression model and the CUSUM test to assess the stability of the model. Data spanning from 2009-10 to 2022-23 was obtained from the office of the Noida Special Economic Zone, the Ministry of Commerce website, and the Uttar Pradesh Export Promotion website. The analysis reveals that SEZ exports have a significant positive influence on Uttar Pradesh\u27s GDP. As SEZ exports increase, there is a corresponding rise in the state\u27s GDP. Furthermore, SEZ-related employment in Uttar Pradesh has also been found to substantially impact the state\u27s economic growth, underscoring the importance of job creation for both societal well-being and economic development. The findings highlight that exports and employment are critical drivers of economic growth in Uttar Pradesh. A surge in exports reflects heightened economic activity, generating foreign exchange revenue that can support imports, service foreign debt, and maintain currency stability. Additionally, export-oriented industries often adopt modern technologies to meet international standards, resulting in productivity gains and technological advancements that benefit the broader economy. This study underscores the pivotal role of SEZs in fostering economic development and stability in Uttar Pradesh
Out-of-Province Students\u27 Choice of University for Higher Education: Influencing Factors and Encountered Challenges
Full text linkChoosing a higher education institution at which to study shapes students’ professional careers and is one of the most complex and major life decisions that prospective students make. In developing countries, it can be an especially challenging choice for female students who want to study at a university beyond their hometown or region. This mixed methods study seeks to investigate the factors that highly influence Afghan out-of-province students\u27 choice of a particular public university for higher education and to analyze the challenges they encounter. An identical concurrent sampling technique is utilized to recruit the study sample. Employing convergent parallel design, the current paper combines a quantitative survey (n=14, analyzed using SPSS 25.0) and qualitative semi-structured interviews (n=14, analyzed using thematic analysis) of Afghan out-of-province female undergraduates regarding the most influential factors for their choice of university, the challenges encountered, and their lived experiences. The findings reveal that economic, personal, university-related, and social factors influence students\u27 decision-making when selecting an institution. Subsequently, these students highlight that they encounter affective, university-related, financial, and social-environmental challenges during their university studies
An Outline of the Structure and Functions of Municipal and Urban Development Department in West Bengal
Full text linkAfter the Second World War, the developing countries of the Third World, including India, have been experiencing rapid urbanization due to socio-economic development. The pace of urbanization in these countries has further increased due to the impact of liberalization and globalization processes. With the increasing pace of urbanization around the world, various problems are being observed in the establishment of good urban governance. Along with urbanization, a type of municipal administration system was developed in our country since ancient times. However, many local government experts believe that the representative municipal system in India is largely a contribution of the colonial rulers. In 1687, the first municipal corporation system was established in the city of Madras. Then in 1726 Calcutta and Bombay Municipal Corporation was established. Municipalities were gradually established in other important urban areas during the colonial rule. The constitution of independent India did not specifically mention municipal administration separately. As a result, the development of municipal autonomy system was completely dependent on the consent of the state government. In the absence of constitutional obligation, most of the state governments have not paid much attention to the formation of municipalities. Urbanization in our state of West Bengal in the 60s and 70s mainly meant the development of Kolkata and its adjoining areas. The 74th Constitutional Amendment of 1992 was a landmark in the evolution of the all-India municipal history. Through this amendment, municipal institutions not only got constitutional recognition, but also reflected the clear outline of an all-India municipal policy. Reservation of seats for the weaker sections of the society, formation of ward committees, formation of finance commission and election commission as well as the inclusion of municipal duties in the twelfth schedule of the constitution has undoubtedly given momentum to the development of municipal administration at the all-India level. The West Bengal Government also passed the West Bengal Municipal Act in 1993 in the context of the 74th Constitutional Amendment. The West Bengal Municipal Act of 1993 is considered as a precedent to be followed for the whole of India. According to the 2001 census, the rate of urbanization in West Bengal was higher than the average rate of urbanization in India. West Bengal has an urbanization rate of 28.03 percent as against the national average of 27.62 percent
Societal Reflections through Gender Lens: An Examination of Kamala and Kanyadaan
Full text linkVijay Tendulkar’s plays Kamala and Kanyadaan serve as powerful critiques of societal structures through the lens of gender inequality. This paper examines how Tendulkar employs these works to reflect the systemic oppression, exploitation, and marginalization faced by women in Indian society. In Kamala, the protagonist Jaisingh Jadav exploits both his wife Sarita and Kamala, an uneducated tribal woman, for personal and professional gain, exposing the dehumanization of women within patriarchal institutions such as marriage and journalism. Similarly, Kanyadaan explores the intersections of caste and gender, depicting the struggles of Jyoti, a Brahmin woman who marries a Dalit man, Arun, only to confront domestic violence and societal backlash. Both plays highlight the transformation of female characters from passive victims to assertive individuals, challenging societal norms. Through a feminist critique, this study underscores the persistence of gender deformity, caste hierarchies, and institutional failures in contemporary India. The analysis reveals Tendulkar’s vision of societal reform, advocating for equality and justice. By dissecting themes of subordination, emancipation, and resilience, this paper contributes to understanding the intersectional dynamics of gender, caste, and power in modern Indian drama