Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities
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The Geopolitical Role and Function of Border Markets in National Development
Full text linkBorder areas, due to their distance from the center, geographical isolation, and underdevelopment, differ significantly in terms of welfare and development compared to central or core areas. The establishment and operation of border markets can help adjust the one-sided center-periphery relationship and improve regional welfare. This research, using a library method and descriptive-analytical approach, examines the role of border markets in the development of countries. In this context, the definition of border markets, their physical and functional structure, the main objectives of countries in establishing border markets, the relationship between border markets and spatial development, economic and security development through border markets, and their role in fostering political relations and regional cooperation are explored. The findings of this research indicate that these markets not only serve as a platform to strengthen the local economy in border regions but also play a significant role in stabilizing border populations, reducing migration, controlling smuggling, improving security and social standards, creating convergence between the center and the periphery, and facilitating sustainable development, enhancing international relations, and strengthening national security
Echoes of Change: The Evolution of Afghanistan\u27s Domestic Politics in the initial days under the Islamic Emirate
Full text linkThis article explores the evolution of Afghanistan\u27s domestic politics under the Islamic Emirate, examining the transition from a secular democratic framework to a Sharia-centered governance model following the Taliban\u27s takeover in August 2021. Since the 1970s, Afghanistan has experienced significant political changes, with the Bonn Agreement in 2002 establishing a republic rooted in liberal democratic ideals. However, the Taliban\u27s return has marked a decisive shift, rejecting Western-imposed values and reinstating an Islamic Emirate. The article discusses the implications of this ideological clash, the Taliban\u27s consolidation of power, and the challenges faced in governance, and human rights, particularly for women. Additionally, it evaluates the Taliban\u27s strategies to manage internal dissent and external pressures, including international sanctions and calls for inclusivity. The findings suggest that the IEA\u27s rigid adherence to its interpretation of Islam has profound implications for Afghanistan\u27s socio-political landscape and its relations with the global community
Transforming Emotional Patterns with Buddhist Psychology with Special Focus on Muditā Bhāvanā
Full text linkThis paper tries to explores the transformative potential of Buddhist psychology for emotional development. Here, special focus has been given to the third Brahmavihāra i.e. Muditā or sympathetic joy. The research, based on the Pāli Canon, first tries to distinguish the "childish" emotions—such as jealousy, boredom, greed, and ill-will—as immature because they are reactive. Ignorance and self-centeredness give rise to these patterns. These patterns impede upon well-being, concentration and spiritual growth. They also create individual suffering while disrupting social harmony.
In contrast to these the Brahmavihāra-s—loving-kindness, compassion, sympathetic joy, and equanimity—represents mature, skillful and ‘active’ emotional responses. Muditā as the antidote to envy has the nature of rejoicing in others\u27 happiness without selfish attachment or competitiveness. Muditā Bhāvanā helps provide a good foundation for social cohesion, generosity, and lasting well-being. The paper also outlines how the Buddha’s teachings do not encourage the suppression of emotions. It talks about transformation of emotions through systematic training in ethics (sīla), mindfulness (sati), meditation (samādhi) and insight (paññā).
The article presents how sustained awareness is key to the process of emotional transformation. The Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta enables practitioners to recognize and change reactive habits before they manifest in behavior through its training of mindful observation. This fosters a shift from automatic reactivity to mature, balanced and beneficial responses. The practice of Brahmavihāra-s further enhances this growth by replacing negative patterns with wholesome and expansive states of mind.
As a conclusion, the research states that Buddhist emotional psychology offers practical and effective tools for transformation of emotional patterns of an individual and society as a whole. Systematic practice of Muditā Bhāvanā, along with other three Brahmavihāras provides a framework that supports personal growth and harmonious social relationships
Impact of Digital Transformation on Recruitment Efficiency
Full text linkThis research looks at how digital transformation is changing the way organizations recruit new talent. These days, HR isn’t just a back-office function, it’s a key player in driving a company’s success. And recruitment? It’s shifted completely, thanks to digital tools like Applicant Tracking Systems, AI-powered sourcing, and workflow automation. These tools have shaken up old hiring methods, making the process faster, more accurate, and a lot more transparent.
The main goal here is to see how digital transformation helps HR teams hire faster, improve candidate experience, and get more done. To figure this out, the study uses a qualitative approach and draws on research articles, HR tech white papers, and real-world case studies. What comes through clearly is that when companies use ATS and AI tools, they cut down on tedious manual work, screen candidates more effectively, and keep communication flowing smoothly between recruiters and applicants.
Going digital with recruitment does even more than that. It gives companies smart, data-driven insights for finding the right people, helps them save on hiring costs, and boosts how potential employees see them as an employer. But it’s not all smooth sailing—there are challenges too, like keeping data safe, making sure different systems work together, and getting HR staff on board with new ways of working.
Digital transformation makes recruitment more efficient by automating the boring staff and letting teams make decisions on the fly. Still, making it work takes solid planning, proper training, and a willingness to keep up with new tech. At this point, using digital recruitment systems isn’t just a nice-to-have, it’s necessary for any organization that wants to keep up in today’s fast-moving job market
A Study on PF Non-Refundable Withdrawal Processes: Identification of Gaps and Development of New SOPs
Full text linkProvident Fund (PF) is one of the major social security benefits for Indian employees, giving them long-term financial security. The provision of Non-Refundable Withdrawal (NRW) enables employees to withdraw part of their PF for expenses like a house, education, or a medical emergency. Efficient PF withdrawals are a priority in big companies for the sake of employee contentment and adherence. This research analyzes the current PF NRW process and determines procedural gaps and suggests a simplified Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). Primary data were gathered from HR and PF department staff by a questionnaire survey, and secondary data were gathered from EPFO guidelines. Delays, communication lacunae, and manual inefficiencies are highlighted by the findings, and the SOP proposed seeks to enhance transparency, minimize processing time, and enhance employee experience
Using Technology as a Successful Tool of Learning in Teaching Process
Full text linkThe main purpose of this article is to explore the importance of using technology as a useful tool in teaching and learning process for Afghanistan universities. Teachers are using technology to support students’ better understanding and communicating in learning process, when teachers are using power point or videos and audios in a lesson students become more active and involved in learning as we have the experienced it our departments. The lesson process is more enjoyable with a productive outcome. Students have an active role rather than the passive role or receivers of information transmitted by a teacher, textbook, or broadcast. Moreover, technology as a successful tool support learner in performing different subjects and help them reach to their learning goals. The teacher is no longer the center of attention as the source of information, but rather plays the role of a facilitator by setting goals and providing guidelines and resources from internet website and support students’ learning activity through different technology tools
Delayed Diagnosis and Traditional Healing in Tobacco-Related Oral Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis of Healthcare Challenges in Rural Northeast India
Full text linkTobacco consumption remains one of the foremost preventable causes of morbidity and mortality in India, with the Northeastern region experiencing a disproportionately high burden of oral cancers. This comprehensive mixed-methods study examines the complex interplay of sociocultural, economic, and healthcare system factors that contribute to delayed diagnosis of oral cancer through an embedded case-control design. We present an in-depth analysis of a 55-year-old male agricultural laborer from rural Northeast India as our index case, contextualizing his experience through comparison with 24 additional oral cancer patients from the same region. The patient\u27s journey; from initial symptoms to eventual diagnosis of metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma; illustrates how reliance on traditional healing practices, socioeconomic constraints, geographical barriers, and inadequate primary healthcare infrastructure collectively delay timely medical intervention. Through qualitative interviews with family members (n=15), healthcare providers (n=12), and traditional healers (n=8), complemented by geospatial analysis of healthcare access points, this study triangulates multiple data sources to construct a comprehensive understanding of care-seeking pathways. The analysis reveals significant gaps in the implementation of national cancer control programs in rural areas and highlights the disconnect between traditional healing systems and modern medical care. This research contributes to the growing literature on culturally responsive cancer prevention strategies and offers evidence-based recommendations for developing integrated care pathways that respect indigenous knowledge while improving early detection rates for oral cancer in resource-limited settings
Resolution of Ellipses in WH-constructions in Pashto Language
Full text linkThe Pashto language has a question structure consisting of a WH-word and an answer to the question, this is called WH-structure. The resolution of ellipsis occurs in most cases in both written and spoken language in its WH construction. In this term paper, I would like to talk more about the first structure-based rule in Pashto language in the WH construction. The algorithm resolves the ellipsis occurring in the answers to the WH questions by using the syntactic and morphological information of the two questions and their correspondence with the answer. The algorithm determines exactly the ellipses that occur in the answers to the questions that contain WH words. For example: (( څوکWho-Dir), ( چاWho-Obl), ( څهWhat), کوم(Which), ( چرتهWhere) and ( څومرهHow much))) between them. The algorithm was tested on various real texts in the Pashto language, taken from numerous genres such as books, novels, newspapers and online magazines. The algorithm achieved an accuracy of 76 percent
Open Innovation: Reshaping Industrial Capabilities
Full text linkThe Indian automobile industry (IAI) is undergoing a dynamic transformation, driven by increased adoption of open innovation (OI) practices and strategic flows of foreign direct investment (FDI). This paper explores interplay between OI systems and FDI in the Indian automotive sector, and highlights how global collaborations, technology transfers and public-private partnerships are reshaping industrial capabilities. By examining studies of multinational automakers and indigenous firms, this study illustrates how FDI not only provides capital but also facilitates knowledge exchange, co-creation and integration into global value chains. The research further analyses the role of innovation clusters, government policies such as FAME and NEMMP, and emergence of EVs and Industry 4.0 technologies in fostering a collaborative innovation ecosystem. Despite these advancements, challenges such as intellectual property concerns, uneven regional innovation capacity and limited absorptive capacity of domestic firms persist. The paper concludes with policy recommendations aimed at strengthening innovation-FDI nexus to ensure sustainable, inclusive and globally competitive growth in IAI
Human Dignity in Indian and Western Political Thought: A Comparative Review of Deendayal Upadhyaya
Full text linkThis paper provides systematic analysis of the concept of human dignity in Indian and Western political philosophy with special reference to the doctrine of Integral Humanism developed by Deendayal Upadhyaya. The Western conception of dignity puts forward an individual autonomy, self-determination, and rights as defined by Kant, Locke, and Rawls who placed dignity in the context of moral autonomy and distributive justice. Indian thinking on the contrary based dignity on metaphysical holiness of soul, following of dharma, and social harmony. The Upanishadic collection and the Bhagavad Gita present the individual as an ontological manifestation of the divine (Brahman), thus, putting human existence into an intrinsic value. Upadhyaya also characterizes human being as a harmonious unity of body, mind, intellect and soul and the soul as the ultimate seat of dignity; he denounces the multiplication of rights as a provoking factor of egotism and thus validates the duties as the basic seat of dignity. The paper also examines constitutional definition of dignity in India especially in the Preamble and Article 21 which recognize the right to a dignified life. It argues that dignity goes beyond a legal right but serves as a type of social-cultural and spiritual affirmation. Lastly, in the international arena, the paper recommends a positive conversation that balances cultural specificity and globalist goals, highlighting the relevance of the Indian point of view in modern policy development and moral considerations