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Wodospady tajemnic
No full textThe trip described in this sketch is a journey through the world of mountain landscapes and fascinating tall tales, with a particular focus on the legend of the Mountain Ghost, also known as Liczyrzepa or Rubezahl—the mysterious guardian of the mountains who accept no compromises. We, as the creators of this trip, found this story a lodestone of local cultural heritage as such, it central to our project. The Mountain Ghosts is inherent part of the trip called “Wodospady tajemnic” (Waterfalls of Mystery), the purpose of which is to introduce the participants to mountain legends, instilling in them a curiosity and desire to discover more secrets of the Giant Mountains
Edukacja polonistyczna ponad granicami, czyli o nowym wymiarze lektorskich praktyk zawodowych (perspektywa studenta)
No full textTraining teachers of Polish as a foreign and second language is a complex process, requiring the acquisition of specialized knowledge (theoretical), mastery of specific skills (practical), and development of appropriate competencies. Each of these aspects proved crucial for students of the University of Wroclaw specializing in Teaching Polish as a Foreign Language, who participated in a teaching internship in Vilnius in September 2023. According to the interns, their stay in Lithuania was a valuable experience that will benefit them in their future careers
Olfaktoryczna przyszłość kina — technologie zapachowe i świat filmu
No full textThe article is devoted to the potential of olfactory technologies in contemporary film. Attempts to interject the cinema and scents are known to be a disastrous history of failed experiments like Smell-O-Vision, but cinema and streaming platforms are still trying to search for the ultimate way of pairing smells and the cinematic images. With the changes that take place in the film industry and the changing attitudes towards the sense of smell reception in various areas of culture, many new technologies and solutions like positron capsules, 4DX cinema, and Olorama Technology are gaining popularity. Is the future of cinema and streaming platforms intertwined with the oflactory technologies, or are these experiments also doomed
Abstrakcja i film
No full textThe article is a discussion of the volume Bauhausowcy i neoplastycy o filmie i kinie. Artykuły — dokumenty — scenariusze 1921–1936 (Wrocław 2023), edited by Andrzej Gwoźdź. The anthology contains texts on film written between 1921 and 1936 by artists associated with Bauhaus and the Dutch group De Stijl
Pets as Traveling Companions in Selected 20th-century Narratives of American Road Trips
No full textTravel authors usually emphasize that in order to truly encounter the Other and discover oneself a traveller needs to be alone, free from family obligations and home responsibilities. However, several 20th-century authors have modified a tradition of solitary travel by taking an animal companion. The purpose of the present paper is to look at representation of human-animal companionship in three 20th-century Anglo-American travel books: John Steinbeck’s Travel with Charley (1961); Lars Eighner’s Travels with Lizbeth (1993) and Claire de Vries’s I & Claudius: Travels With My Cat (2000). In these travel memoirs a dog or a cat function as a “significant other” to the traveling persona. It becomes a legitimate member of the road trip and influences the experience of travel. The animal companion, always present at his/her owner’s side, alleviates loneliness and becomes a reminder of home. Apart from providing emotional support, companion animals also facilitate social interactions. As listeners or silent “partners” in conversations they are also frequently used as a sounding-board for the travelers’ ideas, interpretations, and comments. Occasionally, an attempt to look at reality from a non-human perspective allows the author to add a satiric/comic component to their travel account.
Place as Companion? An Attempt to Analyze Spatial-Human Relations through the Category of Companionship
No full textThis work considers the reciprocal relationships between people and places, and attempts to explore the possibility of a companionship relationship between human and place. Beginning with the fundamental question of the status of the companion, i.e. whether it must necessarily be subjective (as popular definitions and ideas of this category seem to suggest), the author points to a number of research directions that could help develop the concept of a place-subject capable of accompanying a human being. However, he does not succumb to the temptation of laboriously constructing a new concept of subjectivity, but rather leans towards a cautious approach developed on the basis of Bruno Latour’s ANT, according to which a place can at least be a Latourian actor, connected to a human being by a network of reciprocal relationships that can also constitute a certain form of companionship. In order to analyze the different types of attachments between people and places that are related to companionship, the author refers to two books by Peter Ackroyd. In summary, he concludes with emphasising the possibility of a companionate relationship between humans and non-human places and points to the effectiveness of the ANT approach in resolving impasses concerning subjectivity.
A lawmaker with a human face: Towards frontend and backend in law
Get PDFThis article delves into the proposition of transplanting the concepts of ‘frontend’ and ‘backend’ from the realm of software development into the sphere of law. It also contemplates the potential merits and demerits of such a conceptual shift. In the realm of computer science, the frontend typically represents the user-facing portion of a webpage or application, comprising the interface, while the backend remains the concealed repository housing the system’s functionalities. Drawing an analogy to software code, I posit that legal documents serve as a unique form of legal backend. Written with a distinctive syntax and substantive content, legal texts can present challenges for readers unversed in legal jargon. The article investigates whether adopting a frontend/ backend perspective in law can offer added value by envisioning a legal document’s interface, discussing its pros and cons, and identifying potential implementation challenges.Przedmiotem artykułu jest próba przeniesienia pojęć „frontend” i „backend” z programowania na prawo i refleksja nad potencjalnymi zaletami i wadami takiego rozwiązania. W informatyce mianem frontendu określa się część strony/aplikacji widoczną dla użytkownika (interfejs), natomiast backend stanowi ukryty obszar zawierający wszystkie funkcjonalności systemu. W oparciu o analogię do kodu programistycznego, autorka artykułu wskazuje, że akty prawne stanowią swoisty backend prawa. Zapisane charakterystyczną składnią i treścią merytoryczną mogą być trudne do zrozumienia dla niezorientowanych czytelników. Autorka analizuje, czy perspektywa traktowania prawa jako frontendu i backendu może przynieść wartość dodaną. Przedstawia, jak interfejs aktu prawnego mógłby wyglądać, jego zalety, a także stara się zidentyfikować, jakie zagrożenia mogłoby nieść jego utworzenie. Z tej perspektywy przygląda się istniejącym już formom frontendu w prawie, bazując na studium przypadku portalu podatki.gov.pl
Albert Thielebein – ostatni komendant Stalagu VIII B Teschen
Get PDFThe article is intended to present the profile of the last commandant of Stalag VIII B Teschen: colonel Albert Thielebein. He was appointed the commandant of the POW camp shortly before its evacuation began, in January 1945. Col. Thielebein was responsible for the final decisions as well as their implementation and personally led the first of the marching columns. The author attempted to analyze his biography, both private and military, in order to determine the path he followed to get nominated as commandant. What events brought him to the head of the evacuation column heading towards Bavaria? Did his life experiences and achievements make him a good candidate for commander of a POW camp? The Author attempts to answer these and other questions in this article
Totalitaryzm w myśli politycznej Erica Voegelina
Get PDFThe article presents the views of Eric Voegelin (1901–1985) on the essence and genesis of totalitarianism. In its scope, the study covered both the pre-war, German-speaking period of the author’s work on Order and history, as well as the post-war period in which he was associated with the US and wrote in English. The most important sources on the matter discussed are Der autoritäre Staat [The Authoritarian State] from 1936, Die politischen Religionen [Political Religions] from 1938, and The New Science of Politics from 1952. Through them, the development of Voegelin’s thought can be seen, from perceiving totalitarianism as having an economic-social genesis to it being primarily connected with the spiritual dimension of humanity. Analysing his pre-war writings, especially Der autoritäre Staat, one can notice significant influences of Carl Schmitt and Maurice Hauriou on the adopted concepts. The terminological confusion became emphasised, preventing Voegelin from clearly distinguishing between the concepts of authoritarianism and totalitarianism. Efforts were also made to present the practical dimension of the theories advocated, aimed at justifying the actions of Chancellor Dollfuß.
From the publication of Die politischen Religionen, the research field in which Voegelin worked changed drastically. From then on, until the end of his life, cultural, even spiritual, causes began to play a crucial role in explaining contemporary phenomena. The article emphasises the evolution from Die politischen Religionen to The New Science of Politics and Order and History, which involved abandoning the initial idea of identifying totalitarian movements with neopaganism in favour of interpreting them as distortions of Christianity. To explain the genesis of totalitarianism in these terms, Voegelin constructed his philosophy of history in which the key role was played by the experience of transcendence and then humanity’s inability to cope with its intensity. Ultimately, it was Christianity as the most developed expression of this philosophy that was supposed to lead to the belief in the possibility of transforming the earthly world, which, when secularized, became the substrate for totalitarian movements. Voegelin referred to this phenomenon as political gnosis. The thesis put forward by the author of the article is to recognize Voegelin’s philosophy of history to be the result of his search for the genesis of totalitarian movements, as well as to distinguish his later, original concepts, developed from the 1940s onwards, from the earlier ones, considered secondary and common to most conservatives
Analiza ścieżek planowania podróży przy pomocy aplikacji mobilnych w kontekście kulturowego wymiaru unikania niepewności na przykładzie transportu publicznego wybranych stolic europejskich
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to present part of a study of urban transport passenger information systems (as an aspect of wayfinding systems) in selected European capitals in terms of controllability and usability of information, taking into account human-centred design. The results were contrasted with Geert Hofstede’s cultural dimension of uncertainty avoidance. The main objective was therefore to examine to what extent the way content designed within public transport orientation systems is dependent on specific cultural conditions. The cities analysed were selected to represent high and low levels of this variable. This paper analyses the user path in the context of journey planning using official mobile applications recommended by transport operators. The capitals of countries participating in the project were considered: London, Lisbon, Warsaw, and Stockholm. The research is part of the research project Orientation systems in public transport and the cultural dimension of uncertainty avoidance—a behavioural and semiotic analysis of selected European cities, funded under the Miniatura 7 program by the National Science Centre, Poland (DEC-2023/07/X/HS2/00651).Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja części badań dotyczących systemów informacji pasażerskiej w transporcie miejskim (jako wybranego aspektu systemów orientacyjnych) w wybranych stolicach Europy pod kątem sterowności oraz przydatności informacji z uwzględnieniem projektowania zgodnie z ideą human-centered design. Wyniki zestawiono z kulturowym wymiarem unikania niepewności Geerta Hofstedego. Głównym celem było zatem sprawdzenie, na ile sposób projektowania treści w obrębie systemów orientacyjnych w transporcie zbiorowym jest zależny od określonych kulturowych uwarunkowań. Uwzględnione w badaniu miasta dobrano w taki sposób, by reprezentowały wysoki i niski poziom tej zmiennej. W niniejszym artykule przeanalizowano ścieżkę użytkownika w kontekście planowania podróży przy pomocy oficjalnych aplikacji mobilnych, rekomendowanych przez przewoźników. Uwzględnione zostały stolice włączonych do projektu krajów: Londyn, Lizbona, Warszawa i Sztokholm. Badania są częścią projektu badawczego pod tytułem Systemy orientacyjne w komunikacji zbiorowej a kulturowy wymiar unikania niepewności — analiza behawioralna i semiotyczna wybranych miast Europy, finansowanego w ramach konkursu Miniatura 7 przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki (DEC-2023/07/X/HS2/00651)