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The hegemony of values: Revisiting Stanisław Pietraszko’s concept of culture with Antonio Gramsci’s theory of hegemony
No full textIn my reinterpretation of Stanisław Pietraszko’s writings, I seek to identify their elements that exhibit some affinity with the concept of cultural hegemony, which germinated from entirely different ideological soil and has been developed under different historical circumstances. The idea of hegemony is usually traced back to Antonio Gramsci’s texts, though also to the work of other scholars inspired by Karl Marx’s thought, including the British philosophers who founded cultural studies. I argue that in distancing himself from all Marxism-underpinned theories, therein those that evolved toward semiology, Pietraszko was prompted not only by his philosophical views on the ontology of culture and possibilities of studying it but also by the social and political conjuncture in which hedeveloped his conception of culture (specifically, the socialist or communist regimes in Eastern Europe). I ponder how the two divergent models of understanding culture (i.e. culture defined in terms of ways of life and the idea of cultural hegemony) can be brought together. In my argument, I consider various media and communication forms in public space, such as murals, graffiti, posters, billboards, monuments and the like. It is in them that I see manifestations of values
Chiny w Hollywood. Wpływ wzrostu chińskiego rynku kinowego na treść współczesnych filmów hollywoodzkich
No full textIn this article I analyse the ways in which contemporary American movies are altered due to the growing influence of the emerging entertainment media market in China. For the first time in history, 2020 saw Chinese box office overtake its American counterpart in terms of yearly income. This milestone illustrates how significant the Chinese market has become. The At the same time, being an authoritarian regime, the PRC has a robust, refined and strict system of censorship at its disposal. In order for a foreign film to be admitted into the Chinese cinemas, it has to pass domestic censorship. In some decades, particularly in the 1970s, American movies were able to promote values which were not adhering to the mainstream, or were even a platform for criticism of the domestic establishment. Currently, the US film industry is predominantly driven by capitalist logic — box office appears to be the main factor dictating the content (and outlook) of fiction films. This model is exploited by China through imposition of numerous restrictions and regulations. In my analysis I show how “forbidden” topics, plots or even small details become altered in order to satisfy the regulations introduced by the Chinese government.In this article I analyse the ways in which contemporary American movies are altered due to the growing influence of the emerging entertainment media market in China. For the first time in history, 2020 saw Chinese box office overtake its American counterpart in terms of yearly income. This milestone illustrates how significant the Chinese market has become. The At the same time, being an authoritarian regime, the PRC has a robust, refined and strict system of censorship at its disposal. In order for a foreign film to be admitted into the Chinese cinemas, it has to pass domestic censorship. In some decades, particularly in the 1970s, American movies were able to promote values which were not adhering to the mainstream, or were even a platform for criticism of the domestic establishment. Currently, the US film industry is predominantly driven by capitalist logic — box office appears to be the main factor dictating the content (and outlook) of fiction films. This model is exploited by China through imposition of numerous restrictions and regulations. In my analysis I show how “forbidden” topics, plots or even small details become altered in order to satisfy the regulations introduced by the Chinese government
„Usieciowienie” versus psychologia. Kilka uwag na temat książki Agnieszki Ogonowskiej „Cyberpsychologia. Media — użytkownicy — zastosowania”, Kraków 2021
No full textThe reviewed publication is the result of many years of research by the author of Cyberpsychologia, Agnieszka Ogonowska, on the psychological aspects of “networking” of a person and his environment, understood not so much in the quantitative sense (time spent using the Internet) but in the qualitative sense (type and level of advancement of participation in virtual life). The texts collected in this book are the result of conferences, training and scientific meetings, so it is easy to see the multitude of perspectives on the phenomenon of cyberpsychology, and even more broadly, cyberculture. This is an undoubted advantage of this publication, because it reveals the need to have interdisciplinary competences, also in the context of the prospect of further research on the interpenetration of technology and psychology.
The findings of the author of Cyberpsychologia, which are an important reason why this book is worth recommending, must be precisely said that only the mind of a conscious, attentive sender and recipient encodes all information "here and now", does not try to hastily evaluate it or even name it, only focuses on them and analyzes them from a distance.The reviewed publication is the result of many years of research by the author of Cyberpsychologia, Agnieszka Ogonowska, on the psychological aspects of “networking” of a person and his environment, understood not so much in the quantitative sense (time spent using the Internet) but in the qualitative sense (type and level of advancement of participation in virtual life). The texts collected in this book are the result of conferences, training and scientific meetings, so it is easy to see the multitude of perspectives on the phenomenon of cyberpsychology, and even more broadly, cyberculture. This is an undoubted advantage of this publication, because it reveals the need to have interdisciplinary competences, also in the context of the prospect of further research on the interpenetration of technology and psychology.
The findings of the author of Cyberpsychologia, which are an important reason why this book is worth recommending, must be precisely said that only the mind of a conscious, attentive sender and recipient encodes all information "here and now", does not try to hastily evaluate it or even name it, only focuses on them and analyzes them from a distance
“Interculturele competenties.” Dé competenties van de 21ste eeuw
No full textIn today’s globalised world, we should develop intercultural competence in order to be able to communicate with culturally different partners without obstacles and in a spirit of openness and respect (Council of Europe). For decades, intercultural competence has been present in scientific research in the field of business or foreign language teaching. However, there is a relatively low number of publications intended for the public. The book Interculturele competenties (Noordhoff 2022) by Patrick T.H.M. Janssen fills this gap. Its main goal is to discuss in an accessible way the most important findings concerning intercultural competence and intercultural communication.In today’s globalised world, we should develop intercultural competence in order to be able to communicate with culturally different partners without obstacles and in a spirit of openness and respect (Council of Europe). For decades, intercultural competence has been present in scientific research in the field of business or foreign language teaching. However, there is a relatively low number of publications intended for the public. The book Interculturele competenties (Noordhoff 2022) by Patrick T.H.M. Janssen fills this gap. Its main goal is to discuss in an accessible way the most important findings concerning intercultural competence and intercultural communication
L’approche diachronique en analyse du discours contrastive
No full textStarting from the observation that diachronic approaches are rare in discourse analysis and that synchronicity poses the problem of neglecting both the historicity of discourse production and inter-discourse, the author presents a methodological reflection on what distinguishes “geographical” and diachronic approaches in Contrastive Discourse Analysis. This reflection is illustrated by some of the results of a contrastive analysis of the treatment of National Socialism and the World War II in German history textbooks between 1955 and 2016.Starting from the observation that diachronic approaches are rare in discourse analysis and that synchronicity poses the problem of neglecting both the historicity of discourse production and inter-discourse, the author presents a methodological reflection on what distinguishes “geographical” and diachronic approaches in Contrastive Discourse Analysis. This reflection is illustrated by some of the results of a contrastive analysis of the treatment of National Socialism and the World War II in German history textbooks between 1955 and 2016.Starting from the observation that diachronic approaches are rare in discourse analysis and that synchronicity poses the problem of neglecting both the historicity of discourse production and inter-discourse, the author presents a methodological reflection on what distinguishes “geographical” and diachronic approaches in Contrastive Discourse Analysis. This reflection is illustrated by some of the results of a contrastive analysis of the treatment of National Socialism and the World War II in German history textbooks between 1955 and 2016
La parole aux traducteurs (« Polites tis Vavylonias. Oi metafrastes kai o logos tous » [Citoyens de Babylonie. Les traducteurs et leur parole], par Maria Papadima (dir.), Nissos, Athènes 2021)
No full textПоетика крові та лайна у творчості Олеся Ульяненка
No full textThe radical character of Oles Ulianenko’s literary works stems from the fact that the author utilizes some highly controversial motifs, namely blood and excrement, in constructing his poetics. The aim of the article is to defi ne the characteristics and outline of the writer’s artistic world, taking into consideration corporal substances as world-building tools. To achieve the stated goal, both the traditional methods such as cultural-historical and comparative-typological analysis are used, as well as hermeneutics and the rather innovative corporal-mimetic method. The author concludes that Oles Ulianenko incorporates substances like blood and excrement in his artistic imagery because, in his highly skeptical artistic interpretation, the writer can only reach the depthts of inner, corporally determined motives which condition the ontological sense of human being when resorting to such measures.The radical character of Oles Ulianenko’s literary works stems from the fact that the author utilizes some highly controversial motifs, namely blood and excrement, in constructing his poetics. The aim of the article is to defi ne the characteristics and outline of the writer’s artistic world, taking into consideration corporal substances as world-building tools. To achieve the stated goal, both the traditional methods such as cultural-historical and comparative-typological analysis are used, as well as hermeneutics and the rather innovative corporal-mimetic method. The author concludes that Oles Ulianenko incorporates substances like blood and excrement in his artistic imagery because, in his highly skeptical artistic interpretation, the writer can only reach the depthts of inner, corporally determined motives which condition the ontological sense of human being when resorting to such measures
Лінгвокраїнознавчі обрії онімів і поетонімів у навчанні української мови як іноземної
Get PDFThe article is devoted to the description and analysis of the pedagogical and didactic potential of educational materials containing onyms and poetonyms in the practice of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language. The purpose of the study is to raise the issue of introducing the necessary onyms to the materials; to outline the foreign communicants’ notion formation factors about the actual onomastic space of the modern Ukrainian language; to determine the factors of influence of the information encoded in the onymic layer of the vocabulary on the formation of a secondary linguistic personality. The study focuses on the contexts with proprial units used by students learning Ukrainian as a foreign language at levels A1–C1. The main research methods employed are the descriptive method, scientific and pedagogical observation and generalization of the positive work experience. Assimilation of knowledge by foreign students and mastering skills in the use of proper names enriches applicants with information about the Ukrainian national specifics, contributes to their acquisition of linguistic competence in the communication process and the formation of a secondary language personality.The article is devoted to the description and analysis of the pedagogical and didactic potential of educational materials containing onyms and poetonyms in the practice of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language. The purpose of the study is to raise the issue of introducing the necessary onyms to the materials; to outline the foreign communicants’ notion formation factors about the actual onomastic space of the modern Ukrainian language; to determine the factors of influence of the information encoded in the onymic layer of the vocabulary on the formation of a secondary linguistic personality. The study focuses on the contexts with proprial units used by students learning Ukrainian as a foreign language at levels A1–C1. The main research methods employed are the descriptive method, scientific and pedagogical observation and generalization of the positive work experience. Assimilation of knowledge by foreign students and mastering skills in the use of proper names enriches applicants with information about the Ukrainian national specifics, contributes to their acquisition of linguistic competence in the communication process and the formation of a secondary language personality.Статья посвящена анализу дидактического потенциала учебных материалов, содержащих онимы и поэтонимы, в практике преподавания украинского языка как иностранного. Цель работы — рассмотреть вопрос включения онимов в учебные материалы; выявить обстоятельства развития у инокоммуникантов понятия об актуальном ономастическом пространстве современного украинского языка; определить факторы влияния информации, закодированной в онимном слое лексики, на формирование вторичной языковой личности. Материалом для изучения стали контексты с проприальными единицами, используемые авторами на занятиях по украинскому языку как иностранному на уровнях от А1 до С1. В исследовании применены такие методы, как описательный, научного и педагогиче-ского наблюдения, а также обобщения положительного опыта работы. Усвоение иностранными студентами знаний об именах собственных и овладение навыками их употребления обогащает инофонов сведениями об украинской национальной специфике, способствует приобретению лингвокраеведческой компетентности в составе коммуникативной и формированию вторичной языковой личности
The Європейська ідея та національна ідентичність в українській літературі кінця ХІХ – початку ХХ століття
No full textThe article presents the process of modernization of Ukrainian literature at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. On the one hand, the author analyzes the adaptation of the European idea and culture to Ukrainian realities, on the other hand, the evolution of nationalism reaching its maturity phase is observed in the text. This is evidenced by the declarations and programs published in such magazines as Ukrain'ska Khata [Ukrainian Hut] during the years 1909–1914, especially by the articles of Mykola Yevshan and Andriy Tovkachevsky. The discussions that took place during that period were particularly signifi cant in establishing the direction for the development of national culture. Ukrainian literature acquires the features of cultural openness and dialogue, which are clearly illustrated by the works of its prominent authors such as Ivan Franko, Lesia Ukrainka, Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky, Olha Kobylianska, Ahatanhel Krymsky.The article presents the process of modernization of Ukrainian literature at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. On the one hand, the author analyzes the adaptation of the European idea and culture to Ukrainian realities, on the other hand, the evolution of nationalism reaching its maturity phase is observed in the text. This is evidenced by the declarations and programs published in such magazines as Ukrain'ska Khata [Ukrainian Hut] during the years 1909–1914, especially by the articles of Mykola Yevshan and Andriy Tovkachevsky. The discussions that took place during that period were particularly signifi cant in establishing the direction for the development of national culture. Ukrainian literature acquires the features of cultural openness and dialogue, which are clearly illustrated by the works of its prominent authors such as Ivan Franko, Lesia Ukrainka, Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky, Olha Kobylianska, Ahatanhel Krymsky
Фразеологізми творів Дмитра Донцова як вияв української ідентичности
No full textD. Dontsov fills Ukrainian journalism with various idioms, some of which are established in the language system (ancient, Latin, Ukrainian, and foreign expressions, etc.), others are partially known to the reader (partly author’s), and still others he creates himself, that is, they are author’s. The work aims to analyze various types of phraseology in the works of D. Dontsov, which is a manifestation of his original thinking. It is proposed to consider and introduce into the Ukrainian political style those author’s phraseology unknown to the recipients. The functional, informational- semantic, descriptive, discursive, contextual and observational methods were used in the article. The source base of the article is the 10-volume edition of the thinker’s heritage and separate printed works. D. Dontsov’s authorial phraseologisms form numerous microfields concerning the establishment of an independent state, ideology, demonstration of struggle and education of character. The study proves that Dontsov’s phraseology reproduces his extraordinary linguistic thinking and create the recognizable idiostyle of a great publicist.D. Dontsov fills Ukrainian journalism with various idioms, some of which are established in the language system (ancient, Latin, Ukrainian, and foreign expressions, etc.), others are partially known to the reader (partly author’s), and still others he creates himself, that is, they are author’s. The work aims to analyze various types of phraseology in the works of D. Dontsov, which is a manifestation of his original thinking. It is proposed to consider and introduce into the Ukrainian political style those author’s phraseology unknown to the recipients. The functional, informational- semantic, descriptive, discursive, contextual and observational methods were used in the article. The source base of the article is the 10-volume edition of the thinker’s heritage and separate printed works. D. Dontsov’s authorial phraseologisms form numerous microfields concerning the establishment of an independent state, ideology, demonstration of struggle and education of character. The study proves that Dontsov’s phraseology reproduces his extraordinary linguistic thinking and create the recognizable idiostyle of a great publicist