CNS Czasopisma Naukowe w Sieci
Not a member yet
16863 research outputs found
Sort by
Vaste combinaties van werkwoorden met voorzetsels in het Nederlands en het Tsjechisch
No full textThis paper describes the results of a pilot contrastive study that focused on the differences and similarities between Dutch combinations of verbs with fixed prepositions and their Czech equivalents. Since the use of the correct prepositions in the combinations with verbs belongs to the typical learning problem of Czech students of Dutch as a foreign language, the results of the research can help clarify the causes of these difficulties. The pilot study showed that the majority of Dutch constructions have an equivalent construction with a fixed preposition in Czech. Only more than a tenth of the Czech equivalents do not contain a preposition. However, the bigger issue for students may be the fact that one Dutch preposition can correspond to several Czech prepositions and that some Dutch verbs are combined with various fixed prepositions.This paper describes the results of a pilot contrastive study that focused on the differences and similarities between Dutch combinations of verbs with fixed prepositions and their Czech equivalents. Since the use of the correct prepositions in the combinations with verbs belongs to the typical learning problem of Czech students of Dutch as a foreign language, the results of the research can help clarify the causes of these difficulties. The pilot study showed that the majority of Dutch constructions have an equivalent construction with a fixed preposition in Czech. Only more than a tenth of the Czech equivalents do not contain a preposition. However, the bigger issue for students may be the fact that one Dutch preposition can correspond to several Czech prepositions and that some Dutch verbs are combined with various fixed prepositions
Zijn er in het Nederlands echt zoveel onregelmatige werkwoorden? Een pleidooi tegen de discriminatie van sterke werkwoorden
No full textThis contribution discusses the problem of the allegedly ‘irregular’ strong verbs in Dutch, being a plea for correct terminological use in grammar. Strong verbs belong to the basic vocabulary of Dutch, being mostly verbs that concern everyday life such as eating, sleeping and walking. They have a regular structure and the label ‘irregular’ makes the average second language learner automatically think ‘oh, this must be difficult’. First, this contribution examines how Dutch linguists have looked at strong verbs over the centuries. Then, the presentation of strong verbs in recent linguistic and pedagogical works will be discussed to come finally to a conclusion and to some proposals.This contribution discusses the problem of the allegedly ‘irregular’ strong verbs in Dutch, being a plea for correct terminological use in grammar. Strong verbs belong to the basic vocabulary of Dutch, being mostly verbs that concern everyday life such as eating, sleeping and walking. They have a regular structure and the label ‘irregular’ makes the average second language learner automatically think ‘oh, this must be difficult’. First, this contribution examines how Dutch linguists have looked at strong verbs over the centuries. Then, the presentation of strong verbs in recent linguistic and pedagogical works will be discussed to come finally to a conclusion and to some proposals
Комунікативно-функційна інтенційність фемінітивності та маскулінативності: граматика і семантика
No full textThe article discusses the communicative and functional intentionality of femininity and masculinity in terms of grammar and semantics. The research aims to analyze the communicative and functional orientation of femininity and masculinity, examining their relationship and/ or lack of correlation with feminine and masculine forms, and their manifestations in discursive practices. The article proposes distinguishing trends in contemporary feminization by diagnosing traditional- normative and gender-sensitive approaches to naming female individuals based on social status, profession, and title. Additionally, it seeks to determine the key factors driving public demand for the use of derived feminine forms. By comparing the functioning of feminine forms in the German language, the article identifies the main psychological, social, pragmatic, cognitive (including cognitive-behavioral and cultural-historical) factors that burden the national memory with noun forms for the nomination of female individuals in the modern Ukrainian language.The article discusses the communicative and functional intentionality of femininity and masculinity in terms of grammar and semantics. The research aims to analyze the communicative and functional orientation of femininity and masculinity, examining their relationship and/ or lack of correlation with feminine and masculine forms, and their manifestations in discursive practices. The article proposes distinguishing trends in contemporary feminization by diagnosing traditional- normative and gender-sensitive approaches to naming female individuals based on social status, profession, and title. Additionally, it seeks to determine the key factors driving public demand for the use of derived feminine forms. By comparing the functioning of feminine forms in the German language, the article identifies the main psychological, social, pragmatic, cognitive (including cognitive-behavioral and cultural-historical) factors that burden the national memory with noun forms for the nomination of female individuals in the modern Ukrainian language
Василь Ткачук — виразник етнонаціональної ідентичності
No full textEthno-national identity is a complex phenomenon, rich in both its structure and content. In this form of identity, both ethnic and national factors are deeply interlinked and influence each other. Vasyl Tkachuk (1916–1944) was a little-studied Ukrainian novelist, born and raised in Pokuttia and Hutsulshtchina in the first half of the 20th century. An unruly “Hutsulyk” who knew and loved his native land from an early age, made it famous in his works, and spontaneously resisted the sudden Sovietization of Western Ukraine, which cost him his life. It is therefore possible to ascertain that, based on his literary legacy, this talented novelist can be counted among the exponents of ethnonational identity. Writing as a Hutsul about the Hutsul people, their joys, sorrows, ethnic distinctiveness, and national unity, Tkachuk automatically defended both their and his own identities. This way, he confirmed his deeply rooted sense of the “little homeland” and the Ukrainian nation. To conduct the research, the hermeneutical and biographical methods were used.Ethno-national identity is a complex phenomenon, rich in both its structure and content. In this form of identity, both ethnic and national factors are deeply interlinked and influence each other. Vasyl Tkachuk (1916–1944) was a little-studied Ukrainian novelist, born and raised in Pokuttia and Hutsulshtchina in the first half of the 20th century. An unruly “Hutsulyk” who knew and loved his native land from an early age, made it famous in his works, and spontaneously resisted the sudden Sovietization of Western Ukraine, which cost him his life. It is therefore possible to ascertain that, based on his literary legacy, this talented novelist can be counted among the exponents of ethnonational identity. Writing as a Hutsul about the Hutsul people, their joys, sorrows, ethnic distinctiveness, and national unity, Tkachuk automatically defended both their and his own identities. This way, he confirmed his deeply rooted sense of the “little homeland” and the Ukrainian nation. To conduct the research, the hermeneutical and biographical methods were used
Модальна семантика в українсько-чеських перекладах
No full textThe author of the article analyzes two important linguistic categories of modality and emotionality, which at a certain semantic level intersect and complement each other. This confirms the theory of a functional approach to the study of linguistic means, according to which linguistic means in a certain language context have the potential to express both the category of modality and the category of emotionality. The specific material for this research is the comparison of texts in the original language and the translated language. Based on the research, the author singled out and classified the linguistic modal level of diff erent parts of sentences.
Examples from works of Czech and Ukrainian fiction and their translations are included in the analysis. In addition to the descriptive and comparative-typological methods, the author refers to the sources of translation theorists, in particular to the theory of Jiří Levý, who created a methodology for evaluating the quality of a translated text in relation to the original.The author of the article analyzes two important linguistic categories of modality and emotionality, which at a certain semantic level intersect and complement each other. This confirms the theory of a functional approach to the study of linguistic means, according to which linguistic means in a certain language context have the potential to express both the category of modality and the category of emotionality. The specifi c material for this research is the comparison of texts in the original language and the translated language. Based on the research, the author singled out and classified the linguistic modal level of diff erent parts of sentences.
Examples from works of Czech and Ukrainian fiction and their translations are included in the analysis. In addition to the descriptive and comparative-typological methods, the author refers to the sources of translation theorists, in particular to the theory of Jiří Levý, who created a methodology for evaluating the quality of a translated text in relation to the original.Авторка статті проаналізувала дві вагомі мовні категорії модальності та емоційності, які на певному семантичному рівні перетинаються та взаємодоповнюються. Це підтверджує теорію про функціональний підход до вивчення мовних засобів. Різноманітні мовні засоби у певному мовному контексті мають потенційну змогу виражати як категорію модальності, так і категорію емоційності. Особливим матеріалом для цього дослідження є порівняння текстів мови оригіналу та мови перекладу. На основі дослідження авторка виокремила та класифікувала мовні засоби вираження модальності у чеській та українській мовах, зуміла описати рівень модальної інтенсивності та модального рівня різних частин речень. До аналізу включено приклади із творів чеської та української художньої літератури, та їх переклади. Крім описового та порівняльно-типологічного методу, авторка звертається до джерел теоретиків перекладу, зокрема до теорії Їржи Левего, який створив методику оцінювання якості перекладеного тексту стосовно оригіналу
Gisela Zifonun (2021): Das Deutsche als europäische Sprache. Ein Porträt, Berlin/Boston: de Gruyter, 355 S., ISBN 978-3-11-061615-6
No full textProjekt nauki o człowieku w teorii jestestw organicznych Jędrzeja Śniadeckiego
No full textThis article presents the project of science of man introduced by Jędrzej Śniadecki in his theory of organic beings. Śniadecki (1768–1838) is known primarily as a remarkable chemist, physician and physiologist, as well as a teacher. One of the author’s most important works, reissued many times and translated into other languages, is The Theory of Organic Beings, published in 1804 (vol. 1) and 1811 (vol. 2). It was in that work where Śniadecki laid out the considerations regarding the creation of “the science of man.” As he wrote, what biologically distinguishes man from other animals at the same time connects him with them. Therefore, he postulated treating man as a creature belonging to the kingdom of animate nature, simultaneously assuming that man should be studied both in relation to other animate beings and to “beings similar to him”—other people in “social relations,” which are the cornerstone of the development of civilisation. The author focuses on presenting the relation outlined by Śniadecki between what is biological in man and what belongs to the sphere of civilisation.Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie projektu nauki o człowieku sformułowanego przez Jędrzeja Śniadeckiego (1768–1838) w teorii jestestw organicznych. Uczony znany jest przede wszystkim jako wybitny chemik, lekarz i fizjolog, a także pedagog. Jednym z najważniejszych jego dzieł, wielokrotnie wznawianym i tłumaczonym na inne języki jest Teorya jestestw organicznych, która ukazała się w latach 1804 (t. 1) i 1811 (t. 2). To w nim Śniadecki wyłożył założenia projektu nauki o człowieku. Jak pisał, to, co biologicznie, wyróżnia człowieka na tle innych zwierząt, ale jednocześnie łączy go z nimi. Postulował w związku z tym traktowanie człowieka jako tworu należącego do królestwa przyrody ożywionej, zakładając jednocześnie, że powinien on być badany zarówno w odniesieniu do pozostałych bytów ożywionych, jak i do „jestestw jemu podobnych” — innych ludzi w „stosunkach towarzyskich”, co stanowi podstawę rozwoju cywilizacji. Autorka skupia się na przedstawieniu zarysowanej przez Śniadeckiego relacji między tym, co w człowieku biologiczne, a tym, co należy do sfery cywilizacji
Azerbejdżan a uczestnictwo mniejszości narodowych w sprawach publicznych w świetle mechanizmu kontrolnego Konwencji ramowej o ochronie mniejszości narodowych i wyzwań przyszłości
No full textAzerbaijan is a country inhabited by numerous national minorities and which officially promotes the policy of “Azerbaijani multiculturalism”. Being a party to the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, the Republic of Azerbaijan must meet certain standards of minority protection and is subject to monitoring, which shows, inter alia, that the state does not seem to create conditions necessary for the effective participation of persons belonging to national minorities in public affairs, especially those affecting them. The main assumption of this work is therefore to determine and assess the state of ensuring the participation of national minorities in public affairs by Azerbaijan. Documents related to the monitoring system of the Framework Convention will be mostly analyzed — thus they will be depicted on the example of Azerbaijan. Taking up the issue in question also seems to be of great practical value in the context of the ongoing dispute over Nagorno-Karabakh and emerging fears about the fate of the Armenians inhabiting that region.Azerbejdżan jest państwem, które zamieszkują liczne mniejszości narodowe i które szczyci się panującą w kraju tolerancją oraz realizowaną przez władze polityką „azerbejdżańskiego multikulturalizmu”. Jako strona Konwencji ramowej o ochronie mniejszości narodowych Republika Azerbejdżanu musi spełniać określone standardy ochrony mniejszości i podlega monitoringowi, który wykazał między innymi, że państwo to zdaje się nie stwarzać odpowiednich warunków dla rzeczywistego uczestniczenia przez osoby należące do mniejszości narodowych w sprawach publicznych, zwłaszcza tych, które ich dotyczą. Głównymi założeniami niniejszej pracy są zatem ustalenie oraz ocena stanu zapewniania przez Azerbejdżan partycypacji mniejszości narodowych w sprawach publicznych. Analizowane będą przede wszystkim dokumenty związane z procedurami kontrolnymi Konwencji ramowej — tym samym zostaną one przybliżone na przykładzie Azerbejdżanu. Podjęcie tego zagadnienia zdaje się mieć również dużą wartość praktyczną w kontekście trwającego sporu o Górski Karabach i pojawiających się obaw o los zamieszkujących go Ormian w przypadku powrotu tego regionu pod kontrolę Baku
Populizm penalny a zmniejszenie represyjności prawa karnego – uwagi na tle art. 25 § 2a i 3 k.k.
No full textThe subject of this publication is an attempt to establish the relationship that exists between penal populism and criminal law instruments leading to the decriminalisation or exclusion from punishment of hitherto punishable behavior. The phenomenon of penal populism is, in fact, traditionally associated with an increasing repressiveness of criminal law. As a consequence, statutory solutions revoking the punishability of certain criminal acts should be treated as opposing penal populism. The analysis was carried out on the example of the Penal Code regulations ensuring non-criminalization in certain cases of exceeding the limits of necessary self-defense. This leads to the conviction that also the depenalization procedure may correspond to the characteristics ascribed to penal populism. Consequently, it seems unjustified to limit this concept only to measures leading to an increase in the repressiveness of criminal law.Przedmiotem niniejszej publikacji jest próba ustalenia relacji, która zachodzi między populizmem penalnym a instrumentami prawnokarnymi prowadzącymi do dekryminalizacji lub wyłączenia karalności zachowań dotychczas podlegających ukaraniu. Zjawisko populizmu penalnego jest bowiem tradycyjnie łączone ze zwiększeniem represyjności prawa karnego. W konsekwencji rozwiązania ustawowe uchylające karalność określonych czynów zabronionych powinny być traktowane jako przeciwne populizmowi penalnemu. Analizę przeprowadzono na przykładzie regulacji Kodeksu karnego zapewniających niepodleganie karze w niektórych wypadkach przekroczenia granic obrony koniecznej. Prowadzi to do przekonania, że także zabieg polegający na depenalizacji może odpowiadać cechom przypisywanym populizmowi penalnemu. W konsekwencji niezasadne wydaje się ograniczanie tego pojęcia tylko do zabiegów prowadzących do zwiększenia represyjności prawa karnego