CNS Czasopisma Naukowe w Sieci
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Dlaczego fotografia znaczyła (w 1847) jako sztuka więcej niż kiedykolwiek wcześniej?
No full textIn the late 20th-century, landscape photographs that were never meant as art come to play a central role in the critique of one notion of what art is. Rosalind Krauss begins her attack on Modernism by mobilizing the indexical qualities of the photograph, holding up Timothy O’Sullivan’s 19th-century landscape photographs as the exemplar. This essay considers Krauss’s model in relation to César Aira’s contemporary revival of the 19th century landscape painter Johann Moritz Rugendas who is conceived, I argue, under the sign of the photograph. Conceptually recasting the landscape— the locus classicus for the crisis of Modernist art— through Rugendas, Aira transforms the painterly genre into an alternative neuro-aesthetically charged “procedure.” Aira’ s landscape painter turned photographer serves, I contend, both as an emblem for Aira’s own relation to writing and as an artifact of Krauss’s post-Art world.Pod koniec XX wieku fotografie krajobrazowe, które nigdy nie miały mieć charakteru artystycznego, zaczęły odgrywać centralną rolę w krytyce pewnego pojęcia sztuki. Rosalind Krauss rozpoczyna swój atak na modernizm od przywołania indeksalnych cech fotografii, stawiając za wzór dziewiętnastowieczne fotografie krajobrazowe Timothy'ego O'Sullivana. Niniejszy esej rozważa model Krauss w odniesieniu do tego, w jaki sposób Césara Aira przedstawia XIX-wiecznego malarza pejzażystę Johanna Moritza Rugendasa – stawiając, jak sądzę, w centrum problem fotografii. Konceptualnie przekształcając pejzaż – locus classicus kryzysu sztuki modernistycznej - za pośrednictwem postaci Rugendasa, Aira przekształca gatunek malarski w alternatywną, nacechowaną neuroestetycznie „procedurę”. Malarz-pejzażysty Aira staje się fotografem i służy, jak sądzę, zarówno za symbol własnego stosunku Airy do pisania, jak i za artefakt postartystycznego świata Krauss
„Fratribus forte tribus qui fenestras et libros laborant”. Szklenie okien klasztoru dominikanów we Wrocławiu na przełomie XV i XVI w. w świetle źródeł pisanych
Get PDFAccount records for building work carried out between 1487 and 1501 at St. Adalbert’s Church and the Dominican friary in Wroclaw were published by Hermann Luchs in 1859. A large part of this resource, numbering some 80 items, is related to window glazing, providing an insight into its form and especially into the organisation of the work on it. These documents have been mentioned in the literature, albeit cited piecemeal. The present article is an attempt at a comprehensive analysis of the resource relating to the work on the windows. The account records bring a wealth of information about the organisation of window glazing work at the Wroclaw convent, which was carried out by both friars and guild craftsmen. Thanks to these documents, it is possible to reconstruct, at least to a small extent, the appearance of the windows in some rooms (plain glazing, supplemented by figurative stained glass in the library and coats-of-arms in the cloisters). The sources for the history of stained glass – and more broadly: glazing – in this period are far from clear, as the terminology had not been standardised at the time yet. Understanding of the accounts is usually facilitated by their confrontation with surviving material evidence: buildings and their glazing. Readers of the accounts of the Dominican convent in Wroclaw are denied such a luxury, and some of the conclusions presented here must remain in the realm of hypotheses.Account records for building work carried out between 1487 and 1501 at St. Adalbert’s Church and the Dominican friary in Wroclaw were published by Hermann Luchs in 1859. A large part of this resource, numbering some 80 items, is related to window glazing, providing an insight into its form and especially into the organisation of the work on it. These documents have been mentioned in the literature, albeit cited piecemeal. The present article is an attempt at a comprehensive analysis of the resource relating to the work on the windows. The account records bring a wealth of information about the organisation of window glazing work at the Wroclaw convent, which was carried out by both friars and guild craftsmen. Thanks to these documents, it is possible to reconstruct, at least to a small extent, the appearance of the windows in some rooms (plain glazing, supplemented by figurative stained glass in the library and coats-of-arms in the cloisters). The sources for the history of stained glass – and more broadly: glazing – in this period are far from clear, as the terminology had not been standardised at the time yet. Understanding of the accounts is usually facilitated by their confrontation with surviving material evidence: buildings and their glazing. Readers of the accounts of the Dominican convent in Wroclaw are denied such a luxury, and some of the conclusions presented here must remain in the realm of hypotheses
Rodzaje definicji stosowane w językoznawczych tekstach naukowych. Perspektywa retoryczna
No full textThe aim of the present article is to reveal the possibilities of a rhetoric interpretation of stylistic and formal properties of linguistic academic texts based on the example of definitions used in these texts. In this order the author characterises such components of professional scholarly communication as functional style and relevant professional language. Next, basic information concerning the typology of definitions is given and an attempt is made to determine the kinds of definitions used in linguistic academic texts. The author exposes the problem of these texts being persuasive.The aim of the present article is to reveal the possibilities of a rhetoric interpretation of stylistic and formal properties of linguistic academic texts based on the example of definitions used in these texts. In this order the author characterises such components of professional scholarly communication as functional style and relevant professional language. Next, basic information concerning the typology of definitions is given and an attempt is made to determine the kinds of definitions used in linguistic academic texts. The author exposes the problem of these texts being persuasive
Rola uwagi w nauczaniu języka obcego – wybrane aspekty
No full textThe article aims to analyse selected attention processes concerning learning a foreign language, emphasising the possibility of formulating a pedagogical instruction resulting from the knowledge about attention. Recognising the student’s information processing mechanism as the teacher’s workplace, one must also recognise that the teacher’s knowledge of the processes taking place in it becomes an indisputable necessity. This article presents the concept of the attention filter in connection with the levels of information processing. Also, it refers to the concept of Kahneman’s attention resources management, each time trying to connect theoretical considerations with the possibility of their application in the school environment. The subject of the considerations was also involuntary and voluntary attention in language education processes, the hypothesis of conscious perception, individual differences and the relationship between attention and motivation. Theoretical considerations have become the starting point for application conclusions.The article aims to analyse selected attention processes concerning learning a foreign language, emphasising the possibility of formulating a pedagogical instruction resulting from the knowledge about attention. Recognising the student’s information processing mechanism as the teacher’s workplace, one must also recognise that the teacher’s knowledge of the processes taking place in it becomes an indisputable necessity. This article presents the concept of the attention filter in connection with the levels of information processing. Also, it refers to the concept of Kahneman’s attention resources management, each time trying to connect theoretical considerations with the possibility of their application in the school environment. The subject of the considerations was also involuntary and voluntary attention in language education processes, the hypothesis of conscious perception, individual differences and the relationship between attention and motivation. Theoretical considerations have become the starting point for application conclusions
First observations of genitive attributes in master’s theses of Polish students of German philology
No full textThe intention of this paper is to present first observations and findings from a study on attributes in academic texts written by students. The present paper analyses the use of genitive attributes in master’s theses written by students of German philology, who are Polish native speakers. The purpose of this study is to identify tendencies in the use of the genitive attribute and its prepositional counterpart in students’ works as well as to indicate some of the potential problems the Polish authors writing in German can have with using these constructions. The analysed collection of data encompasses 250 examples of noun phrases with at least one genitive attribute and 48 examples of phrases with the preposition von gathered from five students’ texts. Because of the limited number of examined texts the results of the analysis should be interpreted with caution and it would be advisable to extend the analysis to more texts in the future. The paper begins by describing the primary syntactic properties of academic texts. Section 3 focuses on the genitive attribute and its counterparts and discusses potential problems these constructions can present to Polish native speakers. The next section presents the results of qualitative analysis of the data. The concluding section 5 sums up the presented study and offers some recommendations for further research.The intention of this paper is to present first observations and findings from a study on attributes in academic texts written by students. The present paper analyses the use of genitive attributes in master’s theses written by students of German philology, who are Polish native speakers. The purpose of this study is to identify tendencies in the use of the genitive attribute and its prepositional counterpart in students’ works as well as to indicate some of the potential problems the Polish authors writing in German can have with using these constructions. The analysed collection of data encompasses 250 examples of noun phrases with at least one genitive attribute and 48 examples of phrases with the preposition von gathered from five students’ texts. Because of the limited number of examined texts the results of the analysis should be interpreted with caution and it would be advisable to extend the analysis to more texts in the future. The paper begins by describing the primary syntactic properties of academic texts. Section 3 focuses on the genitive attribute and its counterparts and discusses potential problems these constructions can present to Polish native speakers. The next section presents the results of qualitative analysis of the data. The concluding section 5 sums up the presented study and offers some recommendations for further research
Wybrane aspekty treści ideowych w dekoracji kaplicy św. Franciszka Ksawerego przy kościele pw. Najświętszego Imienia Jezus we Wrocławiu
No full textThe university church, together with the Collegium Maximum, was the most important foundation of the Wrocław Jesuits, which was reflected in the rich ideological programme of the decoration of this building complex. The aim of this article is to analyse selected aspects of the ideological content contained in the decoration of the chapel of St. Francis Xavier in the Church of the Most Sacred Name of Jesus in Wrocław, which has not yet received a monographic study. The literature on the subject emphasises how much attention the Jesuits paid to the message inscribed in the decoration of their buildings, and how they used the power of art to this end. Within this context, religious and political themes have been read and their authors identified. The source material for the analysis of the content of the chapel’s decoration consisted of fragmentary preserved Jesuitica, including Litterae annuae and an inventory of the Jesuit library in Wrocław from 1707. Indirect evidence suggests that the ideological programme and artistic expression of this interior was heavily influenced by the college rector Friedrich Wolff von Lüdinghausen (1643–1708) and prince bishop Franz Ludwig von Pfalz-Neuburg (1664–1732). The article also identifies the formal patterns of these ornaments
Editorial: Language Learning and Teaching. Contemporary Challenges in Language Education
No full textExploring Task-Based Learning of L2 English Formulaic Sequences from an Intra- and Inter-Individual Perspective
No full textThis study aimed to find out which of the three tasks, summarizing (SUM), discussion (DIS) or retelling (RT), was more effective in teaching L2 English formulaic sequences to a group of Polish teenagers. In so doing, 108 EFL learners were assigned to one of the three groups: SUM (n = 36), DIS (n = 36), and RT (n = 36) and followed a three-week-long task-based intervention which was similar for all the participants apart from the target task. At the inter-individual level, the statistical analysis revealed progress but no significant differences in achievement between the three groups. A further analysis at the intra-individual level, following the principles of Complex Dynamic Systems Theory, revealed that each learner displayed unique progress and regression patterns
Dyrektor przedsiębiorstwa państwowego w okresie rządów autorytarnych
No full textIn the paper the author demonstrates that the legally defined role of the state enterprise director reflected the highly politicized nature of this position within the context of authoritarian regimes from 1944 to 1989. This was particularly evident in the significant role that state enterprise directors played in shaping state policy. Authoritarianism manifested itself both on a microscale (in the internal relations between the enterprise director and employees) and on a macroscale (through the use of state enterprises managed by directors to exert broader influence on society). Consequently, the power of the state enterprise director was heavily conditioned by authoritarian governance systems, affecting the functioning of state enterprises and the politicization of economic development
Arbitraż od totalitarnych czasów PRL po czasy współczesne — uwagi porównawcze na tle zakresu przedmiotowego dopuszczalności arbitrażu
No full textThe fundamental determinant of the functioning of arbitration is the establishment of a viable alternative to the state judiciary. However, in some cases (due to their special nature) it is necessary for state courts to maintain a monopoly of adjudication. As a result, regulations relating to the substantive scope of arbitrability play a relevant role within the rules governing arbitration. The rules on arbitrability have undergone constant modifications — from the totalitarian times of the People’s Republic of Poland to the modern era. This is in undoubted connection with changes in the scope of the domestic social and economic system. The subject scope of permissibility of arbitration is constantly liberalizing. The changes being introduced are aimed at bringing the domestic regulation of arbitrability in line with international standards. The legislator is also revising the arbitration rules in the scope in question — thus eliminating relevant doubts regarding their interpretation, which is also showing significant importance for the practice of arbitration. Consequently, it seems that one can risk stating that, in the final effect, the analyzed legislative actions have a chance to make arbitration a viable alternative to proceedings before a common court