European Scientific Journal, ESJ
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Effet du climat du travail sur le bien-être psychologique et la détresse psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires
Get PDFL’objectif de cette étude est de monter le rôle du climat de travail sur la santé psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires. Elle s’inspire du modèle prédictif de la santé psychologique au travail de Boudrias et al. (2011, 2014), du modèle de mesure bidimensionnel de la santé psychotique au travail, qui traite cette dernière en fonction de ses manifestations positive et négative (i.e., bien-être psychologique au travail, détresse psychologique au travail) (Gilbert et al. 2011) et des travaux de recherche antérieurs dans ce domaine. (e.g., Bakker & Demerouti., 2014 ; Desrumaux et al. 2015; Khaoudi, 2020 ; Thierrault et al., 2014). L’enquête est réalisée à travers un questionnaire auto-rapporté comportant des échelles de mesure des variables en question auprès de 1066 fonctionnaires pénitentiaires œuvrant dans 26 prisons de quatre régions du Maroc (i.e., Rabat-Salé-Kenitra, Casablanca-Settat, Fès-Meknès, Marrakech-Safi). L’analyse des résultats montre que le climat du travail favorise le bien-être psychologique et atténue la détresse psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires. Les résultats sont discutés à la lumière du modèle de prédictif de la santé psychologique au travail (Boudrias et al., 2011, 2014) et des travaux de recherche antérieurs mentionnées précédemment.
The objective of this study is to demonstrate the role of the work climate on the psychological health of prison officers. It draws on the predictive model of psychological health at work by Boudrias et al. (2011, 2014), the bidimensional model of measuring psychological health at work, which addresses this based on its positive and negative manifestations (i.e., psychological well-being at work, psychological distress at work) (Gilbert et al., 2011), and previous research in this field (e.g., Bakker & Demerouti, 2014; Desrumaux et al., 2015; Khaoudi, 2020; Thierrault et al., 2014). The survey was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire that included measurement scales for the variables in question, among 1066 prison officers working in 26 prisons across four regions of Morocco (i.e., Rabat-Salé-Kenitra, Casablanca-Settat, Fès-Meknès, Marrakech-Safi). The analysis of the results shows that the work climate promotes psychological well-being and reduces psychological distress among prison officers. The results are discussed in light of the predictive model of psychological health at work (Boudrias et al., 2011, 2014) and previous research mentioned earlier
The Impact of SPAC Mergers on Financial Performance and Growth: Evidence from the Italian Market
Get PDFThis study examines the impact of SPAC mergers on the financial performance of Italian firms, focusing on profitability (ROE, ROI), revenue growth, and workforce expansion. A Propensity Score Matching (PSM) combined with a Difference-in-Differences (DiD) approach is employed, analyzing Business Combinations completed between 2015 and 2019, with data spanning from 2013 to 2022 (two years pre- and three years post-merger). Results indicate a decline in profitability post-merger, consistent with challenges like overvaluation and integration difficulties, while sales growth improved significantly. The findings highlight the importance of strategic planning and regulatory oversight in optimizing SPAC mergers, addressing a critical gap in the Italian market where research is limited. This analysis provides valuable insights for managers and policymakers navigating the evolving SPAC landscape in Italy
Diversity and abundance of birds devastating rice-growing in the town of Daloa and its outskirts (Centre-West, Cote d'Ivoire)
Get PDFRice devastating birds are responsible for many losses in rice fields around the world. In Cote d'Ivoire, data on birds in inland are almost non-existent. A study on these birds was carried out from November to December 2019 in three rice fields (Zepreguhe, Abattoir and Kennedy) in the town of Daloa and its outskirts. The study aimed to know the population of those birds in this area. The main method used was the fixed-point, time-dependent counts or point-in-time abundance index (PIA) method. It was possible to count 2368 individuals of 41 species belonging to 14 families of eight orders. The Shannon-Wiever diversity (H'); equitability (E); dominance (IDO) and IPA indices of rice devastating birds in this zone are 3.03, 0.82, 24.79 and 135 respectively. The best-represented family is the Ploceidae with 12 species and 882 individuals. The Village Weaver Ploceus cucullatus and the Northern Grey-headed Sparrow Passer griseus represent the two most abundant species with numbers of 368 and 219 individuals respectively. Of the three study sites, the Zepreguhe site is the most important in terms of specific richness (38 species), relative abundance (37.54%) and PIA (PIA = 155). Further studies are planned to monitor the diversity and population dynamics of these birds over the long term and to determine the extent of their impact on rice production in this area
Impact of dietary Diversification on the nutritional status of children aged 0 to 59 months in the municipality of Tori-Bossito
Get PDFIn order to capitalize on the achievements for the sustainability of the NECDP (Nutrition and Early Childhood Development Project) in the municipality of Tori-Bossito, the impact of the Promotion of Food Diversification (PFD) on the nutritional status of children aged 0 to 59 months was evaluated. Anthropometric data (weight, height, age) in children aged 0 to 59 months and dietary data (consumption of salt with iodine, source of drinking water, the practice of hand washing, frequency and quality of meals served to children aged 6 to 59 months) was collected in the households of beneficiary women. This data was collected from 2019 to 2020 (considered as the period before PFD) and from 2021 to 2023 (considered as the period after PFD) through home visits, quarterly screening sessions, and monitoring and promotion of growth and stimulation and awakening of children from 0 to 23 months on a monthly basis. Significant differences through the analysis of variance were carried out at the 5% threshold according to the Student Newman-Keuls test. It showed from this study that after the PFD, a majority of households practice hand washing (85.12%), use a source of drinking water (80.39%), serve children more than three meals (58.3%) containing the three food groups (97.52%) per day but consumed poor salt in iodine in a proportion of 70.4%. The study also revealed that PFD significantly contributes to reducing the prevalence of all forms of malnutrition among children aged 6 to 59 months (from 3.52% to 1.59% for severely underweight, from 3.34% to 1.97% for severe wasting, and from 7.18% to 3.93% for severe stunting). On the other hand, PFD does not contribute to reducing the prevalence of severe underweight in children aged to 0 to 5 months (from 4.85% to 11.97%). The promotion of Food Diversification stands out as an important activity recommended for food and nutrition projects/programs in the fight against malnutrition in all its forms
Planification familiale et dividende démographique : le cas du Burundi
Get PDFAu Burundi, le premier programme de planification familiale a vu le jour en 1983 et, à cette époque, ses indicateurs démographiques étaient alarmants. Le pays s’attendait alors à savourer plus tard les avantages du dividende démographique. Quatre décennies après, il sied de souligner que ces indicateurs n’ont pas significativement bougé malgré les efforts consentis. L’objectif de cet article est donc de chercher à savoir pourquoi ces indicateurs socio-démographiques n’ont pas évolué comme ailleurs car, l’Indice Synthétique de Fécondité (ISF) reste parmi les plus élevés du continent (5,5 enfants par femme). Pour mener à bien cette étude, une analyse approfondie des données secondaires présentées en termes de pourcentage, a été faite en se servant des données des Enquêtes Démographiques et de Santé (EDS) de 1987, 2010 et de 2016-2017 et des projections démographiques de 2010-2050. En essayant de dégager les causes profondes de ces indicateurs qui n’évoluent pas de façon notable, nous nous sommes rendu compte que le pays est très loin de franchir le cap de la Révolution Contraceptive (60 à 85%) des femmes mariées ou vivant maritalement, son niveau d’utilisation de la contraception moderne n’étant que de 23% en 2017. Cela constitue un véritable frein au développement socio-économique du pays. Des facteurs liés à la mentalité, à la religion, des facteurs socio-historico-culturels expliqueraient la faible adoption des méthodes contraceptives et le taux de fécondité qui reste parmi les plus élevés du continent. Compte tenu de ce qui précède, le Gouvernement du Burundi devrait tout faire pour augmenter la demande en planification familiale, réduire de moitié le nombre d’enfants par femme et allouer des ressources propres pour compléter le financement des programmes de planification familiale jugé insuffisant.
Burundi's first family planning program was launched in 1983, at a time when its demographic indicators were alarming. At the time, the country expected to reap the benefits of the demographic dividend at a later date. Four decades on, it is worth pointing out that these indicators have not changed significantly despite the efforts made. The aim of this article is therefore to find out why these socio-demographic indicators have not evolved as they have elsewhere, given that the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) remains one of the highest on the continent (5.5 children per woman). To carry out this study, an in-depth analysis of the secondary data, presented in percentage terms, was carried out using data from the 1987, 2010 and 2016-2017 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and the 2010-2050 population projections. In trying to identify the underlying causes of these indicators, which are not changing significantly, we realised that the country is a long way from reaching the milestone of the Contraceptive Revolution (60 to 85%) of women who are married or living in a marital relationship, with only 23% using modern contraception in 2017. This is a real brake on the country's socio-economic development. Factors linked to mentality, religion and socio-historical and cultural factors explain the low uptake of contraceptive methods and the fertility rate, which remains among the highest on the continent. In view of the above, the Government of Burundi should do everything in its power to increase demand for family planning, halve the number of children per woman and allocate its own resources to supplement funding for family planning programs, which is deemed insufficient
Analyse de la performance économique de la production de banane plantain et son impact socio-économique sur les ménages agricoles dans le village Mbubu au Kongo central en République Démocratique du Congo
Get PDFLa culture du bananier génère des emplois au profit des acteurs du monde rural, procure des revenus substantiels pour les acteurs de cette filière et contribue à l’amélioration de la sécurité alimentaire. Globalement, cette étude a analysé la performance de la culture du bananier (d’un hectare) et son impact socio-économique chez les ménages producteurs. Spécifiquement, il est question de déterminer les différents paramètres de la performance et le ratio de profitabilité, pour ainsi ressortir l’impact socio-économique induit par cette culture. Choisis de façon aléatoire, 30 ménages ont été enquêtés. Les statistiques descriptives ont permis de dégager les tendances centrales et de dispersion, la comptabilité analytique a permis de déterminer la performance économique et les effets induits sur le plan socio-économique des ménages au moyen de calcul du ratio de satisfaction financière. Il ressort des résultats que, l’exploitant dépense 1742,15 dégageant ainsi une marge bénéficiaire de 484,77, d’où résulte un ratio de profitabilité de 21,77%. Ce résultat prouve que la production et la vente des bananes plantains dans le village Mbubu sont des activités moyennement rentables et génératrices de revenus. Le ratio de satisfaction financière étant de 346,08%, ce signifie que la production d’un hectare de banane ne contribue qu’à peu près à 30% aux besoins fondamentaux de l’exploitant. D’où la satisfaction financière des ménages, doit passer soit par l’intensification de la culture, soit par l’exploitation d’autres cultures en parallèle.
Banana cultivation generates jobs for stakeholders in the rural world, provides substantial income for stakeholders in this sector, and contributes to improving food security. Overall, this study analyzed the performance of banana cultivation (a one-hectare) and its socio-economic impact among producing households. Specifically, it is a question of determining the different performance parameters and the profitability ratio, highlighting the socio-economic impact induced by this plant. Selected randomly, 30 households were surveyed. Descriptive statistics allowed identifying central and dispersion tendencies, and analytical accounting allowed to determine the economic performance and the induced effects on the socio-economic level of households by means of calculating the financial satisfaction ratio. The results show that the farmer spends 1,742.15 as a total cost to produce and place on the local market 705 bunches of plantain of ±10 kg for 484.77, resulting in a profitability ratio of 21.77%. This result proves that the production and sale of plantains in Mbubu village are moderately profitable and income-generating activities. The financial satisfaction ratio being 346.08%, means that the production of one hectare of banana only contributes approximately 30% to the basic needs of the farmer. Hence the financial satisfaction of households must come either through the intensification of cultivation or through the exploitation of other crops in parallel
Flexibilité cognitive et adaptation scolaire chez des élèves issus des classes passerelles dans la circonscription de Duekoue
Get PDFL’objectif de la présente recherche est de vérifier l’existence d’une corrélation entre la flexibilité cognitive et l’adaptation scolaire chez des élèves issus des classes passerelles. A cet effet, un échantillon total de 122 élèves de la DRENA de Duekoué, filles et garçons, a été sélectionné grâce à la méthode d’échantillonnage par choix raisonné. Ces élèves ont été évalués du point de vue de la flexibilité cognitive par le Trail Making Test et sur le plan de l’adaptation scolaire par l’Echelle des Dimensions de l’Engagement Scolaire (EDES). Un questionnaire a également été adressé aux enseignants pour apprécier le comportement des élèves à l’école. L’analyse des résultats a permis d’établir une corrélation positive entre les capacités de flexibilité cognitives des élèves et leur adaptions scolaire. Les élèves de classes passerelles qui s’adaptent le plus sont ceux qui sont dotés de capacités de flexibilité élevées. A l’inverse, les capacités en flexibilité faibles sont associées à des difficultés d’adaptation ou d’abandon scolaire. Cette recherche a donc permis de saisir l’importance de la dimension de la flexibilité cognitive dans les apprentissages scolaires. A cet effet, d’un point de vue théorique, la flexibilité cognitive doit être prise en compte dans l’adaptation scolaire des apprenants. D’un point de vue pratique, nous suggérons de faire le suivi des cohortes pour apprécier l’intégration et l’insertion de ces élèves.
The objective of this research is to verify the existence of a correlation between cognitive flexibility and academic adaptation among students from bridging classes. For this purpose, a total sample of 122 students from the DRENA of Duekoué, girls, and boys, was selected using the purposive choice sampling method. These students were evaluated from the point of view of cognitive flexibility by the Trail Making Test and in terms of academic adaptation by the Scale of Dimensions of School Engagement (EDES). A questionnaire was also sent to teachers to assess the behavior of students at school. The analysis of the results made it possible to establish a positive correlation between the cognitive flexibility capacities of the students and their academic adaptations. The students in bridging classes who adapt the most are those who have high flexibility capacities. Conversely, low flexibility capacities are associated with difficulties in adapting or dropping out of school. This research therefore made it possible to understand the importance of the dimension of cognitive flexibility in school learning. To this end, from a theoretical point of view, cognitive flexibility must be taken into account in the academic adaptation of learners. From a practical point of view, we suggest monitoring the cohorts to assess the integration and insertion of these students
La reconstruction de l’identité de la femme et la redéfinition de sa place et de son rôle à travers la propagande littéraire : une analyse discursive de Sang-de-lune de Charlotte Bousquet
Get PDFLa littérature des femmes use, généralement, de différentes stratégies pour revendiquer une nouvelle identité à la femme et dénaturaliser son statu quo de subordonné reconnu depuis des siècles comme l’ordre naturel. Le présent article propose une réflexion critique autour de la propagande comme un moyen de libération de la femme des tares des traditions, des pratiques, des valeurs louvoyées. À travers le prisme de l’analyse critique de discours et du constructionniste, l’étude démontre comment Bousquet se sert de la propagande pour remettre en cause des structures, des normes, des traditions voire des pratiques qui enlisent la femme dans des positions subordonnées dans la société qui la vue naître. La propagande s’impose donc comme outil critique pour à la foi rejeter les rôles et la place imposés à la femme et aussi repenser son statu quo. L’étude conclut que la représentation des rôles et de la place de la femme est une propagande qui joue sur différents mécanismes rhétoriques et stylistiques afin d’instaurer un nouveau monde d’égalité, de justice sociale et de la démocratie genre.
Women’s literature normally uses different strategies to claim a new identity for women and to denaturalise their status quo considered as the natural order for centuries. This article takes a critical look at propaganda as a means of liberating women from the shackles of traditions, practices and outmoded values. Through the prism of critical discourse analysis and constructionism, the study demonstrates how Bousquet uses propaganda to challenge structures, norms, traditions and even practices that maintain women in subordinate positions in the society in which they were born. Propaganda is therefore used as a critical tool both to reject the roles and place imposed on women and to rethink their status quo. The study concludes that the representation of women’s roles and place is propaganda that plays on different rhetorical and stylistic mechanisms in order to establish a new world of equality, social justice and gender democracy
Clarification of Water Stress in Apple Seedlings Using HSI Texture with Machine Learning Technique
Get PDFApples are known for their nutrition and economic value. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of water status in apple seedlings on an individual rootstock basis is a prerequisite for precision water management. This study presents a rapid and non-destructive approach for estimating water content in apple seedlings at leaf levels. A PIKA L system collects hyperspectral images(400-1000nm) of apple leaves. To the author's knowledge, no prior work was conducted using the spectral-texture approach in plant water stress. Our research extracts spatial information, gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), from feature wavelength images of hypercubes. Machine learning methods are applied to these spatial feature matrixs to identify apple leaves under different water stresses. In addition, differences in spectral responses were analysed using machine learning techniques for sorting apple seedlings with varying water treatments (dry, normal, and overwatering). Also, we measure chlorophyll to determine the relationship between hyperspectral characteristics and physiological changes. The achievements of the research indicate that the fusion of texture and hyperspectral imaging coupled with machine learning techniques is promising and presents a powerful potential to determine the water stress in the leaves of apple seedlings
The Philosophy of Probability Values Behaviour, through Fractions and Composite Probability Function in the Continuous Case
Get PDFThis paper deals with probability theory, and it is an extension to a published paper that has the same title, but for the discrete case. This present paper is aiming to study probability values behavior, in the case of continuous sample space, through fractions intervals and composite function. This aim tends to study the value behavior rather than finding the value itself. Also, this aim requires usage of some concepts of continuity, geometric probability, and measure theory, which also need a brief treatment. This paper is mainly using an experiment with a design that helps to study the probability fractions values in the form of intervals in the case of one direction movement and in the case of different directions. As a result, every case reflects some aspects of probability values behavior and can clarify many important characteristics of the probability theory. In addition to applying the composite function by some important theorems of conditional probability. These are besides a proven proposition that helps to design experiment, upon the understanding of the case nature. In addition to a corollary that allows to visualize negative probability values, as a particular case (trial), that upon the validity of the explanation of negativity which should be consistent with the probability axioms