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Employing IT Service Management to Accelerate Digital Government Transformation in Saudi Arabia: A Vision 2030 Perspective
Get PDFSaudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 prioritizes digital transformation as a driver of efficient, citizen-centered governance, with Information Technology Service Management (ITSM) positioned as a critical enabler. This study assessed how ITSM maturity influences digital service performance and contributes to national transformation goals. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was applied, including an online survey of 80 IT managers from ministries, municipalities, and utilities, 15 semi-structured interviews with senior IT leaders, and a case study of the Ministry of Interior’s Absher platform. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and linear regression; qualitative data were coded thematically. Results showed that agencies with higher ITSM maturity achieved significantly greater system uptime (r = 0.53, p < .01) and citizen satisfaction (r = 0.70, p < .01). Regression analysis confirmed that each one-point increase in maturity predicted approximately a 3.3% increase in service uptime and a 0.5-point gain in satisfaction on a five-point scale. Interviews and the Absher case highlighted leadership commitment, structured workforce training, and Vision 2030 alignment as key enablers, while skills shortages, legacy infrastructure, and cultural resistance were persistent barriers. The findings demonstrate that ITSM maturity directly supports the Kingdom’s strategic targets for reliability and user satisfaction. Policymakers and public-sector leaders are encouraged to strengthen governance, invest in skills pipelines, and modernize legacy systems to scale ITSM benefits across agencies and sustain Saudi Arabia’s regional leadership in digital government
Employabilité des diplômés de l’Université Nouveaux Horizons sur le marché du travail à Lubumbashi, RDC
Get PDFCette étude s’est proposée d’identifier les comportements des diplômés de l’Université Nouveaux Horizons sur le marché du travail à Lubumbashi en RDC et déceler les freins à leur insertion professionnelle. Elle a visé également à combler l’écart criant entre l’instruction et l’emploi, en cherchant à savoir comment améliorer la réactivité des programmes de formation professionnelle des jeunes demandeurs du marché du travail. Il s’agissait donc de s’assurer aussi que l’offre des programmes de formation professionnelle reflète l’évolution rapide des attentes des employeurs ainsi que les préférences des diplômés de l’enseignement supérieur et universitaire. Elle a été réalisée dans la ville de Lubumbashi, pendant la fourchette de temps allant de 2021 à 2023. Elle s’est servie de la méthode d’enquête et l’approche descriptive. Ces méthodes ont été sous-tendues par les techniques documentaire et de questionnaire. Le traitement des données a été effectué grâce à l’analyse de contenu, au coefficient de cramer et au test statistique de différence Chi-deux de Carl Pearson. Sommairement, les résultats de cette étude ont montré que les diplômés de l’Université Nouveaux Horizons sont peu employables par le simple fait qu’ils adoptent, depuis le jour où ils ont été déversés sur le marché de l’emploi, des comportements moins conséquents leur permettant de répondre aux exigences dudit marché, en amorçant les démarches régulières de recherche active ou dynamique de l’emploi, notamment par le dépôt des demandes d’emploi, la mise en place d’une panacée de stratégies de coping ou d’adaptation. D’autres versent même dans l’auto-employabilité (entrepreneuriat). Ils ne se montrent pas beaucoup plus actifs sur le marché du travail, la plupart de ceux auprès de qui les enquêtes ont été menées, versent dans des conduites nonchalantes, caractérisées par une attente totalement passive.
This study aimed to identify the behavior of New Horizons University graduates in the Lubumbashi labor market, identify barriers to their professional integration, and determine factors likely to promote the maintenance and/or development of the cross-curricular skills acquired by New Horizons University graduates. It also aimed to bridge the glaring gap between education and employment by exploring how to improve the responsiveness of vocational training programs for young job seekers. This also involved ensuring that vocational training program offerings reflect the rapidly evolving expectations of employers and the preferences of higher education and university graduates. It was carried out in the city of Lubumbashi, during the time range from 2021 to 2023. It used the survey method and the descriptive approach. These methods were underpinned by documentary and questionnaire techniques. Data processing was carried out using content analysis, Cramer's coefficient, and Carl Pearson's Chi-square statistical difference test. In summary, the results of this study showed that graduates of New Horizons University are not very employable simply because they adopt, since the day they were dumped on the job market, less consistent behaviors allowing them to meet the demands of said market, by initiating regular steps of active or dynamic job search, in particular by submitting job applications, implementing a panacea of coping or adaptation strategies. Others even turn to self-employment (entrepreneurship). They do not appear to be much more active in the labor market; most of those surveyed exhibit a lackadaisical behavior characterized by a completely passive wait
Estimation de la densite des ligneux avec des images drones dans les ecosystemes Saheliens du Senegal
Get PDFLes avancées récentes des drones et du traitement des données permettent aujourd’hui de produire des images hautes résolution et des modèles 3D utiles pour évaluer les attributs des arbres. Cette étude a été menée à Widou thiengoly dans la localité du Ferlo, Nord du Sénégal, avec comme objectif général d’appliquer une approche photogrammétrique pour la mesure de la densité des tiges (tiges/ha) avec des images drones. Une méthode de l’approche arbre basée sur un modèle numérique de hauteur d'une zone d'étude de 10 hectares a été mise en œuvre, ce modèle a été construit à partir d'images obtenues par des drones. Au total, 92 arbres de référence ont été comptés dans le cadre de cette étude et l'algorithme a détecté 75 arbres, ce qui donne une précision supérieure à 90 % (score F de 0,93). Dans l'ensemble, l'algorithme a manqué 10 arbres (erreurs d'omission) et a faussement détecté 3 arbres (erreurs de commission), ce qui donne un compte total de 88 arbres. Cette étude suggère que l'algorithme de filtrage des maxima locaux combiné avec des tailles de fenêtre optimale, appliqués sur un Modèle Numérique de Hauteur construit par photogrammétrie est capable d’effectuer des comptages d'arbres avec une précision acceptable (F > 0,90) dans la zone sahélienne.
Recent advances in drone technology and data processing now make it possible to generate high-resolution images and 3D models that are useful for assessing tree attributes. This study was conducted in Widou Thiengoly, in the Ferlo area of northern Senegal, with the overall objective of applying a photogrammetric approach to measure stem density (stems/ha) using drone imagery. A tree-based method was implemented on a Digital Height Model covering a 10-hectare study area, constructed from drone images. In total, 92 reference trees were counted during the study, and the algorithm detected 75 trees, resulting in an accuracy above 90% (F-score of 0.93). Overall, the algorithm missed 10 trees (omission errors) and falsely detected 3 trees (commission errors), giving a total count of 88 trees. This study suggests that the local maxima filtering algorithm, combined with optimal window sizes and applied to a photogrammetrically derived Digital Height Model, can perform tree counts with acceptable accuracy (F > 0.90) in the Sahelian zone
Diversité et activités des termites terricoles dans le jardin botanique Stanislas Lisowski de la Faculté des Sciences de l’Université de Kisangani, République Démocratique du Congo
Get PDFLes termites sont l'une des composantes les plus importantes de la macrofaune des sols africains. Considérés comme les ingénieurs de l'écosystème, ils construisent des monticules remarquables appelées termitières dans les écosystèmes naturels. De juin à septembre 2022, les investigations ont été menées pour suivre l'évolution et l’activité écologique des termites du jardin botanique Stanislas Lisowski de l’université de Kisangani, RD Congo. Ce jardin a été divisé en 4 quadrats. Après l’observation systématique de chaque termitière, 10 individus de la caste des soldats de chaque termitière ont étés collectés et identifiés; l’identification de l'espèce d'arbre sur laquelle la termitière était attachée, et le prélèvement d’une partie de la termitière pour les analyses physico-chimiques et granulométriques ont été effectués. Les résultats ont révélé 78 termitières avec 55 (70,5%) actives contre 23 (29,5%) éteintes. Un total de 2 familles (Termitidae et Rhinotermitidae) et 4 sous familles (Macrotermitinae, Termitinae, Rhinotermitinae et Cubitermitinae) ont été identifiées. Les Familles des Termitidae et Rhinotermitidae étaient représentées respectivement par 6 et 1 genres. La disposition des termitières était liée au type d’arbre. Ainsi, 5 genres de Termites avaient des nids adossés au pied des arbres appartenant à 8 espèces regroupées en 5 familles. Les Macrotermes étaient adossés sur trois espèces d’arbre (Ficus recurvata, Pseudospondias microcarpa et Allophylus africanus) ; les Promirotermes sur deux (Borassus aethiopium et Ficus recurvata) ; les Rhinotermes sur deux (Pachyelasma tessmanii et Tetrorchidium didymostemon) les Cubitermes sur Arenga pinnata et les Malaysiocapritermes sur Terminalia superba. Les sols des termitières ont présenté un pH légèrement acide à neutre, soit 6,5 pour les Macrotermes et Promirotermes et 7,1 pour Malaysiocapritermes. La Texture du sol des termitières a été complètement modifiée et les proportions de sable, de limon et d’argile varient avec les genres de termites.
Termites are one of the most important components of African soil macrofauna. Considered ecosystem engineers, they built remarkable structures, termite mounds, in many natural ecosystems. From June to September 2022, investigations were done to assess the entomofauna evolution of ground-dwelling termites and their activity in the Botanical gardens of Stanislas Lisowski of the University of Kisangani in RD Congo. The garden was divided into 4 quadrats. After a Systematic search, 10 individuals of the soldier caste were collected from each termite mound for identification purposes. The tree species on which the termite mounds were attached were identified, and part of the ground was collected for physicochemical and granulometry analyses. Results reveal 78 termite mounds in the study area, divided into two states: the active ones accounted for 55 (70.5%) of the mounds inspected, against 23 (29.5%) for the extinct ones. A total of 2 families (Termitidae and Rhinotermitidae); 4 subfamilies: Macrotermitinae, Termitinae, Rhinotermitinae, and Cubitermitinae were found. The Family Termitidae was represented by 6 genera and 1 genus. The termites' mounds distribution was related to the type of tree. Of the 7 genera of identified Termites, 5 had nests attached to the trunk of the trees. That is a total of 8 vegetable species gathered in 5 families. In the garden, Macrotermes were found on three species of trees: Ficus recurvata, Pseudospondias microcarpa and Allophylus africanus; Promirotermes attached to Borassus aethiopium and Ficus recurvata; Rhinotermes attached to Pachyelasma tessmanii, Tetrorchidium didymostemon; Malaysiocapritermes attached to Terminalia superba. Soils of termite mounds present a pH slightly acidic to neutral. That is 6.5 for Macrotermes and Promirotermes, and 7.1 for Malaysiocapritermes. The soil Texture, sand, silt, and clay were completely modified from one termite genus to another
Prevalence of Thalassemia in Children in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Get PDFThalassemia is a blood disorder caused by numerous inherited mutations in the globin gene. This meta-analysis aimed to provide an update on the prevalence of thalassemia in Africa between 2007 and 2025. A systematic literature search was conducted across the PubMed, AJOL, and Google Scholar databases to identify studies published between 2007 and 2025, using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality assessment was performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) for prevalence studies. The heterogeneity of the included studies was assessed using the I2 and Q statistics. Funnel plots and Egger tests were performed to determine publication bias in this meta-analysis. The pooled 95% confidence interval (95% CI) prevalence of thalassemia across studies was determined using a generic random-effects inverse-variance method. Eleven studies involving 26025 subjects were included, and the prevalence rates were pooled using random-effects models due to high observed heterogeneity (I2 > 75%, p-value < 0.05). The overall prevalence of thalassemia was 13.4% (95% CI 8.5-19.1%, I2 = 99.1%). Subgroup analyses showed that the pooled prevalence of thalassemia was 14% (95% CI, 0-33%; I² = 98.5%) in neonates, 22% (95% CI, 11-33%; I² = 98.8%) in patients ≤ 5 years of age and 6% (95% CI, 3-9%; I² = 82.6%) in patients over 5 years of age. The prevalence of alpha-thalassemia carriers was 18% (95% CI, 7-28%; I² = 99.2%) and beta-thalassemia 9% (95% CI, 6-12%; I² = 98.6%). This meta-analysis suggests a high prevalence of thalassemia in certain African countries. These data help design thalassemia screening programs and improve disease management
Sustainability Accounting and Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Cameroon
Get PDFThis study empirically examined the effect of sustainability accounting on the financial performance of commercial banks in Cameroon from 2018 to 2023. The study focused on how economic, environmental, and social sustainability accounting dimensions influence key financial indicators (Return on Assets and Net Interest Margin). The study employed an ex post facto research design and purposive sampling to select 10 of 19 commercial banks. Purposive sampling was used to select commercial banks that had complete financial statement data for the six (06) years, ranging from 2018 to 2023, consistently filed their annual reports, embraced sustainability accounting in line with global best practice, and integrated sustainability information into their annual reports. Sustainability accounting indicators were obtained from the Global Reporting Initiative. The economic, environmental, and social dimensions were used as independent variables. They were measured using a scoring index derived from previous studies, while Return on Assets and Net Interest Margin served as the financial performance metrics. Data from the selected banks were obtained from secondary sources (Audited financial statements). The analysis involved panel regression and descriptive analyses using E-Views 2025. Results indicated a significant relationship between sustainability accounting dimensions and Return on Assets and Net Interest Margin. The findings suggest that the economic, environmental, and social sustainability accounting dimensions have a notable impact on the Return on Assets and Net Interest Margin of commercial banks in Cameroon. The study recommends that commercial banks in Cameroon should formally integrate economic frameworks into their accounting and reporting systems to monitor their sustainability impact and financial performance continuously
Perceptions of the Declining Fertility Rate and Evolving Views on Motherhood: A Comparative Study among University Students in India and Sri Lanka
Get PDFThis study examines the perceptions of declining fertility rates and evolving views on motherhood among female undergraduates in Sri Lanka and India, with a focus on disciplinary and cultural variations. A mixed-methods approach was employed; the research combined a survey of 300 students from the University of Colombo and 234 students from the Vellalar Educational Trust (VET) Institute of Arts and Science in Tamil Nadu with qualitative data from 20 in-depth interviews and two focus group discussions. The findings indicate that students in both countries express moderate to high concern about fertility decline, with Indian students expressing slightly higher concern overall. In Sri Lanka, concern levels varied significantly by academic discipline, with Arts students showing greater awareness than their Science counterparts. Across both countries, delayed motherhood was primarily associated with higher education, career priorities, financial insecurity, and shifting societal norms. Nevertheless, cultural expectations continued to influence preferred childbearing ages of 25–30 years and the ideal family size of two children. These findings suggest a gradual shift towards more individualistic and diverse reproductive attitudes, while traditional values remain deeply embedded. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of how generational perspectives on fertility and motherhood are shaped by the intersection of personal aspirations, academic environment, and socio-cultural context in both countries
Profile of CT Scans of Petrous Bones at the UHC-Campus of Lomé
Get PDFIntroduction: the purpose of this work was to determine the profile of CT scans of petrous bones, to list the indications, to describe the techniques of realization and the pathological aspects of CT scans observed. Methods: this was a prospective and descriptive study carried out over a period of 6 months concerning the CT scans of the petrous bone carried out in the radiology department of the UHC-Campus at Lomé. The parameters studied concerned epidemiological data and lesions observed on computed tomography. Results: we had performed 34 CT scans of the petrous bons or 0.5%. Interns, specialty doctors and ENT doctors were the main prescribers in 58.8% and 32.4% respectively. Patients came more from emergency departments (50%). All age groups were concerned with a predominance of those 21-40 years (23.5%). The male sex was predominant with a sex ratio of 2.1. Drivers were more represented (23.5%). The most frequent indication was petrous bone trauma (44.1%) and road accidents were the leading cause (73.3%). The examination was performed in all cases without injection of the contrast and was pathological in 70.6% mainly in trauma, conductive hearing loss, chronic otitis media, EAC stenosis and pulsatile tinnitus. The main traumatic injury found was extralabyrinthine fractures (91.7%). Incudo-malleus dislocation was the main ossicular lesion found (25 %). The hemotympanum was found in 83.3%. CT was normal (29.4%) in vertigo/tinnitus, mixed deafness, conductive hearing loss/tinnitus, earache and non-traumatic facial paralysis. Conclusion: computed tomography remains the first choice examination in the exploration of petrous bone trauma, conductive hearing loss and chronic otitis media. On the other hand, it occupies a limited place in the exploration of vertigo / tinnitus as well as non-traumatic facial paralysis
Représentations d’attachement à la mère et développement des habiletés pragmatiques du langage chez les enfants camerounais âgés de 8 à 11 ans
Get PDFCette étude évalue le lien entre les représentations d’attachement à la mère et le développement des habiletés pragmatiques du langage chez les enfants âgés de 8 à 11 ans. Nous partons d’une observation sur le terrain des enfants d’âge scolaire de 8 à 11 ans qui bénéficient de la disponibilité affective de leur mère (les sourires ; les gestes de réconfort ou les mots d’encouragement), et qui du point de vue développemental, sont sensés déjà avoir acquis les habiletés pragmatiques telles que l’usage complet du registre de politesse, la compréhension de l’implicite. Nous avons pourtant constaté que certains, en situation de communication avaient du mal à saisir les nuances du langage et à utiliser les regèles de politesse. Or la théorie de l’attachement stipule que les représentations d’attachement qui se construisent précocement et se pérennisent au cours de la vie constituent un socle fondamental pour le développement cognitif, socioaffectif et du langage de l’enfant dans toutes ses dimensions y compris la dimension pragmatique. Trente enfants camerounais de 8 à 11 ans ont participé à cette étude. Les représentations d’attachement ont été évaluées à l’aide du test des histoires à compléter, tandis que les habiletés pragmatiques du langage ont été mesurées au moyen du test de Shulman adapté pour les enfants de 8 à 12 ans. Les cotations ont été faites selon les normes relatives aux deux tests.
Les résultats relèvent que les représentations d’attachement à la mère comme sécure exercent une influence positive statistiquement significative sur le développement des habiletés pragmatiques du langage (β =0.31 ; P=0.010), les représentations d’attachement à la mère comme insécure ambivalent exercent une influence négative statistiquement significative sur le développement des habiletés pragmatiques du langage (β = -0.36 ; P=0.003) et les représentations d’attachement à la mère comme insécure évitant exercent une influence négative statistiquement significative sur le développement des habiletés pragmatiques du langage (β = -0.27 ; P= 0.020). Cette étude permet de mieux comprendre l’effet des représentations d’attachement à la mère sur le développement des habiletés pragmatiques du langage chez les enfants âgés de 8 à 11 ans, tout en soulignant, au niveau de la discussion des résultats, l’importance d’intégrer les particularités culturelles et relationnelles du contexte camerounais.
This study examines the relationship between children’s attachment representations to their mother and the development of pragmatic language skills among 8- to 11-year-olds. Our starting point was a field observation of school-aged children (8–11 years) who benefit from their mother’s emotional availability (smiles, gestures, encouraging words) and who, from a developmental perspective, are expected to have already acquired pragmatic abilities such as the full use of politeness registers and the understanding of implicature according. However, we observed that some children still struggled to grasp subtle linguistic nuances and to apply politeness conventions during communication. Yet attachment theory posits that attachment representations, formed early in life and consolidated over time, constitute a fundamental foundation for cognitive, socio-emotional, and language development, including its pragmatic dimension. Thirty Cameroonian children aged 8 to 11 years participated in this study. Attachment representations were assessed using the Story Stem Assessment Profile, while pragmatic language skills, adapted for children aged 8 to 12.
The results show that secure attachment representations to the mother exert a statistically significant positive influence on the development of pragmatic language skills (β = 0.31; p = 0.010), while ambivalent insecure attachment representations exert a statistically significant negative influence (β = –0.36 ; p = 0.003). Similarly, avoidant insecure attachment representations also exert a statistically significant negative influence (β = –0.27 ; p = 0.020). This study provides deeper insight into the effect of mother–child attachment representations on the development of pragmatic language skills among children aged 8 to 11, and highlights the importance of integrating the cultural and relational specificities of the Cameroonian context
Enquête ethnobotanique sur les variétés de haricot (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Commercialisées dans la région du Poro, au nord de la Côte d’Ivoire
Get PDFLe haricot commun (Phaselolus vulgaris L.) est une légumineuse essentielle pour les populations à faible revenu en Afrique subsaharienne, car elle offre une source importante de protéines moins chère. Malgré son importance, sa culture dans la région du Poro au nord de la Côte d'Ivoire, est encore peu valorisée. Cette étude a pour but de recenser les variétés de haricot sec produites et commercialisées dans cette région à travers une enquête ethnobotanique. Les résultats ont montré que trois variétés (blanc, rouge et noir) sont cultivées et commercialisées dans la région, avec des différences notables dans les habitudes de commercialisation et les prix entre les différents acteurs. Les populations d'ethnie senoufo et malinké sont les acteurs la filière haricot avec une hégémonie de la population senoufo. Les données collectées pourraient contribuer à une meilleure organisation de la filière haricot et à améliorer l'accès des populations locales à cette source de protéines essentielle.
The common bean (Phaselolus vulgaris L.) is an essential legume for low-income populations in sub-Saharan Africa, providing an important source of cheap protein. Despite its importance, its cultivation in the Poro region in the north of Côte d'Ivoire is still underdeveloped. The aim of this study was to identify the dry bean varieties produced and marketed in this region through an ethnobotanical survey. The results showed that three varieties (white, red and black) are grown and marketed in the region, with notable differences in marketing habits and prices between the various players. The bean sector is dominated by the Senoufo and Malinké ethnic groups. The data collected could help to improve the organisation of the bean sector and improve local people's access to this essential source of protein