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Caracterisation Lithologique, Hydrosedimentaire et Cartographie des Indices d’Evolution: Cas de Bonoua (Sud-Est Cote d’Ivoire)
Get PDFCe travail avait pour objectif de contribuer à déterminer la typologie des aquifères rencontrés à Bonoua en vue d’une meilleure gestion de ceux-ci. Les travaux ont utilisé des échantillons de forages exécutés à Bonoua. L’étude lithologique a révélé des sables, des argiles sableuses et des argiles bariolées. Les sables constituent l’essentiel des aquifères. La détermination des indices d’évolution (Nt) a illustré trois aquifères. La variation de ces indices a révélé une direction NW-SE des paléocourants. Les indices Ns des sables montrent qu’ils ont subi un long transport (64 % à 86 %). Le principal aquifère se situe à 64,5 m en moyenne. Il est surmonté par un niveau imperméable d’argile bariolée et enregistre les meilleures arrivées d’eau. Il est dominé de sables grossiers (66,66 % à 85,71 %) à très grossiers avec une forme subarrondie (16 % à 53,57 %) et arrondies (13,04 % à 40 %). Les particules fines piégées par les grossières à l’équilibre lors du dépôt sont toutes les deux issues d’un courant co-génétique. Ces sédiments transportés majoritairement par saltation et déposés généralement selon un faciès logarithmique (Nt=0) et rarement parabolique (0˂Nt˂1) sont très bien classés (83,33 % à 100 %). Cette étude a permis d’identifier deux nouveaux faciès qui sont le faciès subparabolique (0,05≤Nt≤0,09 et le faciès linéaire (Nt=1). Le faible pourcentage de fine offre à l’aquifère une bonne porosité et une bonne perméabilité ainsi qu’une bonne transmissivité de l’eau souterraine. Ce travail révèle donc qu’un seul aquifère existe dans cette localité mais le système aquifère présente des caractéristiques différentes d’une zone à une autre. Dans cette zone l’aquifère se présente en bicouche mais la nappe captée se trouve dans la couche la plus profonde.
The objective of this work was to contribute to determining the typology of the aquifers encountered in Bonoua with a view to improving their management. The work used samples from boreholes drilled in Bonoua. The lithological study revealed sands, sandy clays and variegated clays. Sands are the main aquifers. The determination of the evolution indices (Nt) illustrated three aquifers. The variation of these indices revealed a NW-SE direction of the paleocurrents. The Ns indices of the sands show that they have undergone a long transport (64% to 86%). The main aquifer is at an average of 64.5 m. It is surmounted by an impermeable level of variegated clay and records the best water inflows. It is dominated by coarse (66.66% to 85.71%) to very coarse sands with a subrounded (16% to 53.57%) and rounded (13.04% to 40%) shape. The fine particles trapped by the coarse ones at equilibrium during deposition both come from a co-genetic current. These sediments transported mainly by saltation and generally deposited according to a logarithmic (Nt=0) and rarely parabolic (0˂Nt˂1) facies are very well classified (83.33% to 100%). This study made it possible to identify two new facies which are the subparabolic facies (0.05≤Nt≤0.09 and the linear facies (Nt=1). The low percentage of fine gives the aquifer good porosity and good permeability as well as good groundwater transmissivity.This work therefore reveals that only one aquifer exists in this locality but the aquifer system has different characteristics from one area to another.In this area the aquifer is present in two layers but the water table captured is in the deepest layer
The Correlation between the Bone Morphotype and Density and Root Apical Resorption of the Anterior Teeth Due to Orthodontic Forces
Get PDFThe potential side effects of modern orthodontic treatment and its unfavorable impact on dentition and hard tissues have been extensively discussed in professional literature for decades. The presence of uncontrolled forces can result in pulp necrosis, radicular reabsorption, and/or loss of alveolar bone. Dehiscence and fenestration are more commonly found in anterior than posterior teeth, where only the periodontal ligament and the mucosa protect the dental root.
Most studies investigating the effect of periodontal phenotype over gingival recession in orthodontic patients have primarily focused on examining the soft tissues. However, due to the vulnerability of thin alveolar bone, the previous evaluation of orthodontic candidate patients may also include the analysis of hard tissues. Bone density plays an important role in facilitating orthodontic tooth movement, such that reductions in bone density can significantly increase movement velocity. These types of localized density changes can affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and may also influence the risk of unwanted outcomes, such as the occurrence of dental external apical root resorption.
According to the literature, the links of root resorption with the bone morphotype and the density are relevant in clinical dentistry but have not been studied in detail. However, the existing data is not yet conclusive
Potent Roles of Humor in EFL Classes in Higher Education: An Exploratory Study of Lebanese Perspectives
Get PDFThis paper focuses on scrutinizing the attitudes and opinions of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instructors and learners on the use of humor in higher education in Lebanon as a pedagogical tool in classroom contexts. It is used in building a harmonious relationship between instructors and students, lowering affective barriers to learning, keeping students attentive to class activities, developing creativity and increasing instructional effectiveness as well as students’ learning. It also aims to describe the instructors’ experiences in employing it in their classrooms and to determine the students’ perspectives on its potent roles in learning. In this exploratory study, a mixed-method design and a convenient sampling of participants were utilized. A total of 13 EFL instructors, working at 1 public and 4 private universities in Lebanon, and 86 EFL students participated in the study. To describe and quantify their perceptions of the potent roles of employing humor in EFL classes, two online surveys of two sets of questions each, including closed-ended and open-ended, and four focus group discussions were administered. The overall qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data indicated that Lebanese EFL instructors and students have positive attitudes towards integrating humor as a pedagogical tool and as a fundamental part of the teaching strategies in EFL higher education classes. This is because it creates an open communication climate, captures students’ interest in the subject matter, boosts attention, reduces anxiety, makes the instructor more approachable, and yields better instructor evaluation. The findings of this study also revealed the need to train teachers to use humor artfully
Déterminants de la Diversité Alimentaire des Ménages des Provinces de Muyinga et de Karusi au Burundi
Get PDFContexte : Tout comme la plupart des pays africains, la situation du Burundi en matière de l’alimentation n’est pas assez satisfaisante. Le taux de pauvreté monétaire touche plus de la moitié de la population, 51,4% selon les résultats de l’Enquête Intégrée sur les Conditions de vie des ménages de 2020. En d’autres termes, un peu plus de la moitié de la population résidant au Burundi ne parvient pas à satisfaire quotidiennement leurs besoins de base alimentaires et non-alimentaires. Objectifs : L’objectif principal est d’identifier les déterminants de la diversité alimentaire à Karusi et à Muyinga. Au-delà de cet objectif, il sera aussi question de mesurer les niveaux de diversité alimentaire dans les deux provinces et d’Identifier les déterminants de la diversité alimentaire des ménages. Méthodes : Cette étude repose sur une recherches documentaires centrées sur les articles scientifiques et de publications sur la diversité alimentaire, calcul des indicateurs de sécurité alimentaire à partir des approches méthodologiques proposées par l’Organisation Mondiale de l’agriculture et le Programme Alimentaire Mondial et les analyses descriptives bi variées et la régression logistique binaire pour rechercher les déterminants de la diversité alimentaire. Résultats : La faible diversité alimentaire est plus observée dans la province Karusi. L’analyse bivariée prouve qu’à l’exception de la variable Sexe du chef du ménage, dans la province Muyinga, toutes les autres variables sont significativement associées à la diversité alimentaire des ménages. Au niveau multi variée, il ressort des résultats que la taille du ménage, le revenu lié à l’agriculture et le niveau de vie du ménage déterminent la diversité alimente alimentaire des ménages dans les deux provinces. Le district de résidence, le niveau d’instruction et l’âge du Chef de Ménage sont des déterminants spécifiques de à la diversité alimentaire des ménages de la province de Karusi. Conclusion : Les résultats montrent que la diversité alimentaire acceptable est faible à Karusi qu’à Muyinga. Trois déterminants de la diversité alimentaire sont communs pour les deux provinces et trois déterminants sont spécifiques à la province Karusi.
Context: Like most African countries, Burundi's food situation is not satisfactory enough. The monetary poverty rate affects more than half the population, 51.4% according to the results of the Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey of 2020. In other words, just over half the population residing in Burundi is unable to meet their basic food and non-food needs daily. Objectives: The main objective is to identify the determinants of food diversity in Karusi and Muyinga. Beyond this objective, it will also measure levels of dietary diversity in the two provinces and identify the determinants of household dietary diversity. Methods: This study is based on a literature search focusing on scientific articles and publications on dietary diversity, calculation of food security indicators using the methodological approaches proposed by the World Organization for Agriculture and the World Food Programme, and bi-variate descriptive analyses and binary logistic regression to investigate the determinants of dietary diversity. Results: Low dietary diversity is more prevalent in Karusi province. Bivariate analysis shows that, except for the variable Sex of household head, in Muyinga province all other variables are significantly associated with household dietary diversity. At the multivariate level, the results show that household size, agricultural income, and household standard of living determine household dietary diversity in both provinces. District of residence, level of education, and age of head of household are specific determinants of household dietary diversity in Karusi province. Conclusion: The results show that acceptable dietary diversity is lower in Karusi than in Muyinga. Three determinants of dietary diversity are common to both provinces and three determinants are specific to Karusi province
Highlighting Water Stress in Apple Seedlings Using HSI Texture with Machine Learning Technique
Get PDFApples are known for their nutrition and economic value. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of water status in apple seedlings on an individual rootstock basis is a prerequisite for precision water management. This study presents a rapid and non-destructive approach for estimating water content in apple seedlings at leaf levels. A PIKA L system collects hyperspectral images (400-1000nm) of apple leaves. Our research extracts spatial information, gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), from feature wavelength images of hypercubes. Machine learning methods are applied to these spatial feature matrixs to identify apple leaves under different water stresses. In addition, differences in spectral responses were analysed using machine learning techniques for sorting apple seedlings with varying water treatments (dry, normal, and overwatering). Also, we measure chlorophyll to determine the relationship between hyperspectral characteristics and physiological changes. The achievements of the research indicate that the fusion of texture and hyperspectral imaging coupled with machine learning techniques is promising and presents a powerful potential to determine the water stress in the leaves of apple seedlings
Effets de Faidherbia albida (Delile) sur des Paramètres de Croissance et de Rendement du Mil (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br) en Milieu Paysan dans la Commune de Tibiri (Niger)
Get PDFCette étude a été conduite en milieu paysan dans la commune de Tibiri, où la pratique de la régénération naturelle assistée, RNA est bien ancrée dans les pratiques culturales des populations. L’objectif générale est d’étudier les effets de F. albida sur les paramètres de croissance et de rendement du mil (Pennisetum glaucum). Pour ce faire, un dispositif expérimental a été installé sur le site avec des placettes annulaires concentriques centrées sur le tronc d’arbre. Ainsi, trois auréoles R1, R2 et R3, du tronc de l’arbre vers l’extérieur du houppier, ont été définies pour chacun des individus. En vue de comparer les résultats avec une situation de référence, des témoins où le sol est supposé être hors influence de l’arbres ont aussi été installés donnant ainsi quatre traitements. Une analyse en composante principale a été effectuée pour comprendre les liens entre les paramètres étudiés et les différents traitements appliqués. Les résultats ont montré qu’il n y’a pas de différence significative entre les différents traitements sauf pour le rendement en biomasse. L’ACP a fait ressortir que la 1ère et la 2ème auréoles sont caractérisées par beaucoup de feuilles, un bon diamètre de la tige principale et un bon diamètre en épis alors que la 3ème auréole se caractérise par des feuilles larges et un bon rendement en grain. Le témoin se caractérise par un bon rendement en épis et un nombre élevé en épis. Les résultats obtenus témoignent que F. albida améliore conséquemment les paramètres de croissance et de rendement du mil.
This study was conducted in a peasant environment in the commune of Tibiri, where the practice of assisted natural regeneration, ANR, is well anchored in the cultivation practices of the populations. The aim objective is to investigate the effects of F. albida on millet (Pennisetum glaucum) growth and yield parameters. To do this, an experimental device was installed on the site with concentric ring plots centred on the tree trunk.
Thus, three halos R1, R2 and R3, from the trunk of the tree to the outside of the crown, were defined for each of the individuals. In order to compare the results with a reference situation, controls where the soil is assumed to be out of the influence of the tree were also installed, thus giving four treatments. A principal component analysis was performed to understand the relationships between the parameters studied and the different treatments applied. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the different treatments except for biomass yield. The ACP showed that the 1st and 2nd halos are characterized by many leaves, a good diameter of the main stem and a good diameter in spikes, while the 3rd halo is characterized by broad leaves and a good grain yield. The control is characterized by a good yield of ears and a high number of ears. The results obtained show that F. albida consequently improves millet growth and yield parameters
The Impact of Customer Intensity in Firm Performance: Tech Capabilities as A Moderating Variable
Get PDFEntrepreneurial marketing “EM” is considered to be suitable for small businesses. However, since the perspective has shifted from product and sales to a market orientation, interest in the creation of customer value has grown and has been the subject of intense discussion. Thus, in this study, we aim to investigate and describe the significant relationship between Customer intensity “CI” and firm performance “FP” in SMEs operating in Khartoum-Sudan, by utilizing technological capabilities “TCPs” as a moderating variable. The resource-based view “RBV” provides the theoretical foundation for this study regarding the effect of CI on FP among TCPs. Regarding the study objective, we assumed the following hypothesis: H1: Customer intensity has a significant relationship with firm performance dimensions: {profitability, sustainability, and customer satisfaction}. H2: We assume that TCPs can positively moderate the relationship between CI and FP. Accordingly, this study is quantitative. Reliable with the purpose of this study. Furthermore, our study relied on the “Positivism philosophy”, a deductive approach to theory development. Therefore, overall, 255 responses were received from the community of SMEs in Khartoum. To analyze the data firstly the following principal component analysis PCA, Correlation, and Rotation matrix were utilized to test the appropriateness of the study structure “the pre-model” and check the validity of the questionnaire items. secondly, we used structural equation modeling (SEM) Path analysis to analyze and examine the significant relationships between all variables. The analysis revealed that customer intensity has a positive effect on profitability (p = 0.000), Customer intensity has also a positive effect on customer satisfaction (p = 0.001). Unlike, customer intensity has negative effects on sustainability (p = 0.216). Finally, the results show that technological capabilities positively moderate the relationship between Customer intensity and profitability (p = 0.000), sustainability (p = 0.007), and customer satisfaction (p = 0.000). Anyhow, these results confirmed the partial support for the first hypothesis and full support for the second hypothesis
From Silence to Social Awakening: Exploring the Personal Trajectories of Activists in Morocco's Post-Arab Spring Movements
Get PDFThe Arab Spring served as a catalyst for various movements aiming to implement political change across the Arab world. Morocco, with its rich history of social movements, witnessed the emergence of the Movement of 20th February 2011 (M20F), the Hirak Rif, and the 2018 boycott campaign. The M20F, in particular, challenged the established fear imposed by the Makhzen, marking a transformative moment facilitated by social media and a call against "hogra" – oppression, injustice, and social contempt. While existing studies have focused on the political and social factors behind activism and the consequences of these movements on societies, the present paper takes a more individualistic perspective. Using biographic interviews with several activists from these uprisings in Morocco, and from different backgrounds and affiliations, the paper examines their life trajectories with the aim of understanding what factors influenced their decision to join a movement and the subsequent impact on their lives. This paper presents the profiles of six activists and discusses the rationale behind shaping their activist careers. The respondents developed an interest in activism from various influences—parental, cultural, media, socio-economic conditions, and experiences of marginalization—all united for a common objective of change, despite diverse ideologies
Carecterisation des Secheresses de la Region d’Atsimo Andrefana de Madagascar via Standard Precitipation Index (SPI)
Get PDFDans cet article, l’étude vise à caractériser les sécheresses de la Région d’Atsimo Andrefana de Madagascar par l’utilisation du Standard Precipitation Index (SPI). Cette région est choisie car elle est confrontée à une sécheresse dévastatrice qui est parmi les sources de la famine touchant cette région. Cette étude pourrait être une étape importante menant vers la prédiction ou prévision de sécheresse dans cette région. Elle pourrait aider les acteurs concernés à adopter des stratégies appropriées pour y faire face. Le SPI est un outil simple à utiliser pour la caractérisation de sécheresse. Seules les données de précipitation sont nécessaires pour le calcul. En effet, les SPI à différents pas de temps sont calculés afin d’avoir les variations, les catégories, l’occurrence et la fréquence de la sécheresse météorologique dans cette région. Ces résultats sont analysés et interprétés pour en tirer la caractérisation. Les données utilisées sont des données pluviométriques dans les relevés mensuels de précipitation, du mois de janvier 1990 jusqu’au mois de mai 2022 de la Région d’Atsimo Andrefana de Madagascar. Les résultats pour une période d’accumulation de précipitation plus courte montrent qu’il se produit aux moins 13 épisodes de sécheresse légère tous les 10 ans, 13 épisodes de sécheresse modérée tous les 33 ans, 9 épisodes de sécheresses sévères tous les 20 ans et 5 épisodes de sécheresse extrême tous les 33 ans. Les résultats relatifs aux périodes d’accumulation moyenne montrent qu’il présente 9 à 26 épisodes de sécheresse légère tous les 20 ans, 8 à 13 épisodes de sécheresse modérée tous les 33 ans, et 9 à 15 épisodes de sécheresse sévère tous les 33 ans, 4 à 5 épisodes de sécheresse extrême tous les 33 ans. Pour les périodes d’accumulation plus longues, les résultats exposent qu’il se manifeste 6 à 11 épisodes de sécheresse légère et 6 épisodes de sécheresse modérée tous les 25 ans, 2 à 5 épisodes de sécheresse sévère et 2 à 4 épisodes de sécheresse extrême tous les 33 ans. La probabilité d’occurrence des catégories climatiques dans cette étude dépasse largement celle de McKee et al en 1993.
In this article, the study aims to characterize the droughts of the Atsimo Andrefana Region of Madagascar, using the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI). This region is chosen because it is facing a devastating drought which is among the sources of the famine affecting this region. This study could be an important step leading toward the prediction or forecast of drought in this region. It could help the actors concerned to adopt appropriate strategies to deal with them. The SPI is a simple-to-use tool for drought characterization. Only precipitation data is needed for the calculation. Indeed, the SPIs at different time steps are calculated in order to have the variations, categories, occurrence, and frequency of meteorological drought in this region. These results are analyzed and interpreted to characterize them. The data used are rainfall data in the monthly precipitation records, from January 1990 to May 2022 for the Atsimo Andrefana Region of Madagascar. The results for a shorter precipitation accumulation period show that at least 13 mild drought episodes occur every 10 years, 13 moderate drought episodes every 33 years, 9 severe drought episodes every 20 years, and 5 episodes of extreme drought every 33 years. The results for average accumulation periods show that it has 9 to 26 mild drought episodes every 20 years, 8 to 13 moderate drought episodes every 33 years, and 9 to 15 severe drought episodes every 33 years, 4 to 5 episodes of extreme drought every 33 years. For longer accumulation periods, the results show that there are 6 to 11 episodes of mild drought and 6 episodes of moderate drought every 25 years, 2 to 5 episodes of severe drought, and 2 to 4 episodes of extreme drought every 33 years. The probability of occurrence of climatic categories in this study greatly exceeds that of McKee et al in 1993