European Scientific Journal, ESJ
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Assessing the Quality of Shellfish Harvesting Areas: The Case of the Oualidia and Sidi Moussa Lagoons in Morocco
Get PDFBased on European regulation 91/492/EC, Morocco, very early on, established legislation with conditions for producing and marketing live bivalve mollusks. In applying this legislation, the National Institute of Fisheries Research (INRH)[1] has set up a system for sanitary monitoring of the marine environment, through which several harvesting areas have been classified while others are in progress. In January 2020, the Oualidia and Sidi Moussa lagoons were categorized respectively in classes B and C, with 52.77% of the results falling between 230 and 4600 MPN E. coli/100 g of flesh and intravalvular liquid (FIL) and 11.11% of the results falling between 4600 and 46000 MPN E. coli/100 g FIL. Sidi Moussa Lagoon has been classified as a category C since 2006. Consequently, oyster farming activity has been suspended in this area. This incident serves as a warning sign of the significant weakness of these ecosystems in addressing multiple social and economic challenges. On the other hand, INRH has sufficient data and tools to progress toward better optimization of the marine environment and sanitary monitoring program management.
[1] Institut National de Recherche Halieutique
Factores De Riesgo En La Automedicación De Adultos En Santa Rosa Jáuregui, Querétaro
Get PDFIntroducción: La automedicación es considerada como la libertad para consumir medicamentos sin prescripción médica, para el tratamiento de enfermedades o síntomas reconocidos por el paciente. Objetivo: Analizar los factores de riesgo para la automedicación en adultos que acuden al Centro de Salud de Santa Rosa Jáuregui, Querétaro. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal con enfoque cuantitativo donde el universo de estudio fueron adultos de ambos sexos, de cualquier condición de salud que acuden al centro de salud de Santa Rosa Jáuregui. Como instrumento se utilizó el “Cuestionario para los factores en la automedicación” y el “Cuestionario para la automedicación”. La muestra fue de 185 encuestados. Resultados: El 51.35 % de las personas manifiestan automedicarse por decisión propia. Los principales grupos farmacológicos usados para la práctica de automedicación son por analgésicos no esteroideos (AINES) con 86.48%, el grupo de tracto alimentario y metabolismo con igualdad de porcentaje con el grupo de antiinfecciosos para uso sistémico con el 57.29% ambos. Como principales factores de la automedicación son: factores sociodemográficos, sociales, culturales y económicos. Conclusiones: La automedicación constituye un hecho cotidiano en la mayoría de los hogares. Las personas la consideran útil debido a la mejoría de sus síntomas.
Introduction: Self-medication is considered as the freedom to consume medicines without a doctor's prescription, for the treatment of diseases or symptoms recognized by the patient. Objective: To analyze the risk factors for self-medication in adults attending the Santa Rosa Jáuregui Health Center, Querétaro. Material and methods: Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach where the study universe was adults of both sexes, with any health condition who attend the Santa Rosa Jáuregui health center. The “Questionnaire for factors in self-medication” and the “Questionnaire for self-medication” were used as instruments. The sample was 185 respondents. Results: 51.35% of the people said that they self-medicate by choice. The main pharmacological groups used for the practice of self-medication are non-steroidal analgesics (NSAIDs) with 86.48%, the group of alimentary tract and metabolism with equal percentage with the group of anti-infectives for systemic use with 57.29% both. The main factors of self-medication are: sociodemographic, social, cultural and economic factors. Conclusions: Self-medication is a daily occurrence in most households. People consider it useful because of the improvement in their symptoms
Investigation of Gifted Secondary School Students' Assessment of the Nature of Science in Turkey
Get PDFThe objective of this study is to uncover the NOS evaluations of students enrolled in Science and Art Centers in Türkiye. We conducted the research using a case study design, which is a qualitative research method. The study focuses on 60 gifted secondary school students who will continue their education at the Seljuk Science and Art Center in the 2022-2023 academic year. The study evaluated the nature of science among gifted students using the Nature of Science Assessment Scale.The data underwent a descriptive analysis. This study, aimed to evaluate the nature of science among gifted students, revealed that students typically presented perspectives that aligned with the nature of science. However, an examination of gifted students' views on the structure of scientific knowledge revealed that most of them believed the views of scientists would not influence scientific knowledge. The study also revealed that gifted students primarily believed that scientists' observations led to the emergence of scientific knowledge. From this point of view, it was concluded that there are gifted students who have views on the role of the scientist in the production of scientific knowledge and the basis of scientific knowledge that are not appropriate for the nature of science. In this context, we believe it's crucial to implement certain activities targeted at enhancing the NOS evaluations of students within the research's scope
Helicopter view of postgraduate research supervision at school of education: A critical reflection
Get PDFThe University of Namibia has been committed to ensuring quality, equitable and just education opportunities for all students. However, there have been criticisms regarding the duration, processes and quality of student supervision in postgraduate studies. Students who enrol for coursework complete it with success, yet when it comes to research there has been a slow progression to successful completion. Therefore, this paper explores the landscape of postgraduate research supervision to gain a reflective understanding of concepts and related constraints. It is hoped that the review of the literature on research student supervision may assist role players to understand the supervisory process and identify strategies to mitigate potential constraints, towards effective postgraduate research. We adopted Schön’s reflection-in-action approach to review the postgraduate policies, documents and practices in the School of Education at the University of Namibia. The preliminary findings revealed that the supervision of postgraduate research is cumbersome, the proposal approval process is bureaucratic and unclear to students, and supervisors are slow to provide feedback. These hindrances lead to a prolonged stay in the programmes, which puts financial strain on students and ultimately affects progress towards completing the degree
Correlation of OPG/RANKL in patients with thalassemia major at the center of Haemoglobinopathy Lushnje, Albania
Get PDFOsteoporosis is an important cause of morbidity in hemoglobinopathy patients. It is characterized by low bone mass and disruption of bone architecture, resulting in reduced bone strength and increased risk of fractures. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-kappa-B ligand (RANKL) have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of various types of osteoporosis. Our study aimed to determine the correlation between OPG/RANKL and patients affected by thalassemia major at the Center of Hemoglobinopathy in Lushnje. Methods: We measured serum OPG and RANKL levels in 70 patients with Thalassemia major and 67 healthy controls, determining correlations with BMD. Results: Serum OPG levels were significantly lower in thalassemic patients compared to the control group. Serum RANKL levels were higher in β-thalassemia patients compared to controls. 31.1% of our patients with Thalassemia major had osteoporosis and 21.6 % had osteopenia. We found a correlation between OPG-BMD (r=-0.768, p=0.000, and RANKL-BMD (r=0.468; p=0.000). Conclusion: OPG and RANKL in Thalassemia major patients should be considered as the main factors responsible for osteoclast activation
Seasonal variation in contamination of fish flesh of smoked and dried Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Lacépède, 1803) with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the locality of Guessabo (Ivory Coast)
Get PDFPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are organic contaminants, some of which are known to be toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic for humans. These molecules are ubiquitous pollutants of the environment, and can contaminate foodstuffs such as fish. The aim of this study was to assess the level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contamination in the flesh of a species of freshwater fish, Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, smoked and dried in the locality of Guessabo. The method used for the determination of these analytes in the matrices was high performance liquid chromatography with UV/Visible detector.
Results obtained indicate disproportionate contamination of Benzo(a)pyrene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(a)anthracene and Chrysene molecules depending on the mode of transformation and the season. The highest levels of contamination were recorded during the rainy season in the flesh of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus smoked for Benzo(a)pyrene (10.39 ± 1.10 µg/kg), Benzo(b)fluoranthene (46.44 ± 3.77 µg/kg) and the sum of the PAH4 (59.88 µg/kg). These levels exceed the standard set by Ivorian regulations (5 µg/kg). In dried fish flesh, a low level of toxicity was recorded whatever the season. There were no significant differences between seasons for most of the molecules studied. The flesh of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus dried is less contaminated than smoked Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus
Diversity and abundance of birds devastating rice-growing in the town of Daloa and its outskirts (Centre-West, Cote d'Ivoire)
Get PDFRice devastating birds are responsible for many losses in rice fields around the world. In Côte d'Ivoire, data on these birds is almost non-existent in the interior of the country. A study on these birds was carried out from November to December 2019 in three rice fields (Zépréguhé, Abattoir and Kennedy) in the town of Daloa and its outskirts. The objective of this study was to know the population of these birds in this area. The main method used was the fixed-point, time-dependent counts or point-in-time abundance index (IPA) method. This yielded 2368 individuals of 41 species in 14 families of eight orders. The Shannon-Weaver diversity (H'); equitability (E); dominance (IDO) and IPA indices of rice devastating birds in this zone are 3.03, 0.82, 24.79 and 135 respectively. The family best represented is that of the Ploceidae with 12 species and 882 individuals. The Village Weaver Ploceus cucullatus and the Northern Grey-headed Sparrow Passer griseus represent the two most abundant species with numbers of 368 and 219 individuals respectively. Of the three study sites, the Zépréguhé site is the most important in terms of species richness (38 species), relative abundance (37.54%) and IPA (IPA= 156). Further studies are planned to monitor the diversity and population dynamics of these birds over the long term and to determine the extent of their impacts on rice production in this area
Technical Progress and Endogenous Growth: An Econometric Analysis Using Panel Data on the MENA Region
Get PDFFrom the dawn of the Christian era until the Industrial Revolution, the standard of living saw little to no change and remained relatively stable during this period. However, since the Industrial Revolution, living standards have experienced sustained growth up to the present day. The Solow model attributes this growth to technical progress, but where does this progress come from? To truly understand economic growth, we must therefore go beyond the Solow model and attempt to explain technical progress itself. The objective of this work is to identify and specify the factors that may explain technical progress (in other words, what causes growth in A (PGF)?). To this end, initially, we relied on a set of theoretical works ( (Romer, 1990; Lucas, 1988; Barro, 1990; Aghion, Blundell, Griffith, Howitt, & Prantl, 2009), among others) which led us to a set of recommendations. Therefore, in a second step, we proceed to an empirical analysis using panel data to test the significance of the impact of this set of recommendations on technical progress in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Our econometric results show that there is still much to be done in the MENA region to catch up with the United States, Sweeden, Switzerland, Japan, Germany or France: the establishment of a research and innovation system based on the needs of economic and social development, an increase in the budget allocated to research, massive investment by the private sector in universities, the strengthening and creation of institutions, etc
The Importance of Surveyors and GPS Technology in Systematic Land Registration in Georgia: A Study of the Challenges and Opportunities
Get PDFThe purpose of this work is to explore the historical and contemporary importance of land registration, focusing on the crucial role played by Georgia’s surveyors. The paper concentrates on the combination of GIS-based state systems with GPS PlateTalk map registrations to resolve conflicting cadastral information as well as for accurate ownership record keeping. The Georgian absence of a unified legal and administrative framework significantly complicates land boundary delineation leading to disputes among surveyors. To standardize surveying practices and improve accuracy, an all-encompassing legal framework must be put in place.
The study adopts historical, comparative legal, and hermeneutic research methods using examples from Germany and Holland that demonstrate how such advanced technologies as drones, LiDAR, and blockchain can enhance the precision, speed, and security of survey practice. Furthermore, professional education investment must be increased in both teachers and attorneys who are also informed about Geoinformation Systems (GIS), thus enabling them to perform their functions properly when it comes to law matters concerning land registers.
Conclusions urge policy-makers to invest in modern technological gadgets as well as engage in legislative reforms that would make their cadastral systems stronger. That would result in the creation of robust cadastral systems by investing in modern technology as well as carrying out legal reforms that would modernize their existing cadastral systems
Quantification de la Réserve Régulatrice d’une Nappe Alluviale dans un Contexte d’Irrigation : Cas de la Vallée de Boghol dans le Massif de l’Aïr (Niger)
Get PDFLa vallée de Boghol est l’un des principaux bassins de production agricole du massif de l’Aïr. L’agriculture est exclusivement pratiquée sous forme irriguée avec les eaux souterraines. Ces dernières sont renouvelées grâce aux écoulements issus des pluies. Dans cette vallée l’irrigation connait des difficultés dues à l’insuffisance voire manque d’eau dans l’aquifère en compromettant le rendement. L’objectif de ce travail est d’évaluer quantitativement la réserve régulatrice de la nappe afin de garantir la durabilité de l’irrigation. L’approche méthodologique a consisté d’abord à subdiviser le bassin versant de Boghol en sous bassins correspondants aux réservoirs. Ensuite, un suivi piézométrique a permis d’appliquer la méthode « water table fluctuations » ou méthode de fluctuation des niveaux pour le calcul de la charge hydraulique. En fin, les caractéristiques géométriques de l’aquifère ont été déterminées en utilisant des images satellitaires Google earth interprétées sur ArcGIS 10.3. L’étude montre que les valeurs de la charge hydraulique dans les sous bassins amont, central et aval sont respectivement de 4,98 m ; 6,45 m ; et 6,1 m. La plaine a comme dimensions : longueur de 19,81 km ; largeur comprise entre 0,45 et 0,95 km ; surface, 14,37 km2. L’importance de la réserve régulatrice se dresse suivant l’ordre croissant : sous bassin amont, sous bassin aval et sous bassin central. Le volume d’alluvions saturées est estimé à 9 000 559,4 m3 dont 8 % correspondent à la réserve régulatrice totale qui est tributaire de la pluviométrie. Cependant, elle est impactée par l’irrigation faisant d’elle une réserve fragile. Ce résultat constitue un outil permettant de mieux prévoir les superficies et les cultures à irriguer.
The Boghol valley is one of the main agricultural production basins of the Aïr massif. Agriculture is practiced exclusively in irrigated form with groundwater. The latter are renewed thanks to flows from the rains. In this valley irrigation is experiencing difficulties due to insufficient or lack of water in the aquifer by compromising yield. The objective of this work is to quantitatively evaluate the regulatory reserve of the water table in order to guarantee the sustainability of irrigation. The methodological approach consisted first of subdividing the Boghol watershed into sub-basins corresponding to the reservoirs. Then, a piezometric follow-up made it possible to apply the method «water table fluctuations» or method of fluctuation of the levels for the calculation of the hydraulic load. Finally, the geometric characteristics of the aquifer were determined using Google earth satellite images interpreted on ArcGIS 10.3. The study shows that the values of the hydraulic load in the upstream, central and downstream subbasins are 4.98 m; 6.45 m; and 6.1 m respectively. The plain has as dimensions: length of 19.81 km; width between 0.45 and 0.95 km; surface, 14.37 km2. The importance of the regulatory reserve rises in increasing order: upstream, downstream and central basin. The volume of saturated alluvium is estimated at 9 000 559.4 m3 of which 8 % corresponds to the total regulatory reserve which is dependent on rainfall. However, it is impacted by irrigation making it a fragile reserve. This result is a tool to better predict the areas and crops to be irrigated